44 research outputs found

    Performance improvement of a diesel generating set with fuzzy control for stand-alone and grid-connected operations.

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    This paper proposes a management strategy for\ud a diesel generating set (GS) covering the mechanical part of\ud the system which includes speed and active power control,\ud the electrical part of the system which includes voltage\ud and reactive power control, and the synchronism with the\ud grid. The management is based on a fuzzy PD+I controller\ud structure which uses a fixed controller surface for all fuzzy\ud controllers (FCs). Simulations results for both stand-alone and\ud grid-connected operations using fuzzy controllers were superior\ud when compared to commercial methods (CM).FAPESP-2011/02170-

    An extension of the invariance principle for switched T-S fuzzy systems

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    In this work, we propose an extension of the\ud invariance principle for switched T-S fuzzy systems using\ud an auxiliary function V for the convex combination of the\ud subsystems which applies to unstable subsystems. The results\ud are given in terms of LMIs. Numerical examples illustrate the\ud effectiveness of the proposed design methods.CNPq Proc 142246/2010-7, 150838/2012-3 e 304985/2009-

    Construção de portfólio: relato de experiência de uma “Adoção” ao idoso/Portfolio construction: experience report of an “Adoption” to the elderly

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    INTRODUÇÃO: A expectativa de vida no Brasil vem aumentando gradativamente durante os últimos anos devido à melhora na qualidade das condições de vida, trabalho, educação e saneamento básico. Entretanto, com o avanço da idade cronológica dos indivíduos, o índice de patologias crônicas também é crescente, demandando dos profissionais de saúde maior atenção a alterações físicas, psicológicas e sociais, devendo estes serem capacitados desde a academia para a prestação de uma assistência integral. A utilização de ferramentas, como portfólios, por sua vez, pode contribuir ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem, ao passo que aproximam o acadêmico da realidade, incentivando a construção de conhecimentos, competências e ações. OBJETIVO:  Relatar a construção de um portfólio desenvolvido durante visitas domiciliares a uma idosa no município de Iguatu-CE. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, que narra o desenvolvimento de um portfólio criado por meio da “adoção” feita a uma idosa, durante a disciplina de Enfermagem no Processo de Cuidar em Saúde do Idoso. A atividade se deu nos meses de setembro a novembro de 2019 com visitas domiciliares quinzenais. O critério de elegibilidade da pessoa idosa era apresentar comorbidade que exigisse atenção e cuidados de enfermagem, ficando a critério dos discentes a escolha do participante. Determinado o idoso, foram realizadas seis visitas, a primeira consistiu na apresentação e autorização da atividade. Os encontros seguintes consistiriam em conhecer a história da idosa, histórico médico e aplicação de escalas responsáveis por identificar agravos em saúde. RESULTADOS: Durante as visitas pode-se explorar particularidades diversas da atenção e cuidado de saúde destinada a pessoa idosa. A priori havia certo constrangimento de ambas as partes, todavia ao longo das visitas foi possível construir vínculo de confiança, promovendo a abertura do diálogo. Evidenciou-se durante a escrita do portfólio a presença de quatro categorias: Biografia – onde a idosa discorreu acerca de suas origens, principais acontecimentos de sua vida e tudo o mais que julgou importante. Essas narrativas surgiram espontaneamente durante a conversação. Histórico Clínico – nessa categoria informações acerca de seu histórico clínico atual e pregresso foram captadas com o intuito de ampliar a visão clínica sobre as causas de sua doença atual, e dessa maneira criar intervenções eficazes para promoção de sua saúde. Diagnósticos de Enfermagem - Os diagnósticos de enfermagem foram atribuídos segundo suas queixas e histórico clínico atual, tal como as intervenções destinadas a cada um, foram em sua totalidade diagnósticos reais, seguidos de intervenções de fácil aplicabilidade e execução. A última categoria foi criada após a utilização das Escalas Gerontológicas, aplicadas seis escalas que avaliam o desempenho cognitivo e motor da pessoa idosa. Os resultados alcançados foram variados, mas no geral indicaram que a idosa possuía bom estado mental e cognitivo, porém com restrições motoras consideráveis. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: A realização da experiência foi desafiadora e capaz de suscitar o desenvolvimento de habilidades profissionais, como o acolhimento, a humanização e integralidade do cuidado, além da escuta ativa e da empregabilidade de competências próprias a enfermagem como a utilização dos diagnósticos de enfermagem para acompanhamento e promoção da saúde

    A horticultura como instrumento de terapia e inclusão psicossocial

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    A presente Pesquisa foi realizada no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial-CAPS I de Lavras da Mangabeira–CE. Com o objetivo principal de envolver os usuários com a natureza, tornando a atividade da horticultura uma terapia no tratamento das suas necessidades especiais. Antes pessoas com transtornos mentais eram excluídos, tidos como perturbadores da ordem social. Somente no final do século XVIII e iniciou do século XIX iniciou-se uma transformação na assistência psiquiátrica no Brasil e no mundo. Passando a reinseri-los na sociedade e ocupa-los com algo que evitasse a ociosidade. Correlacionamos nosso objeto de estudo de forma aliada aos processos de sustentabilidade que, por sua vez, implicam em uma reorganização social a partir da preocupação com o meio ambiente e suas relações no intuito de manter preservado os recursos naturais e ainda ampliar a qualidade de vida da sociedade. A horticultura como terapia envolve os usuários em um ambiente natural, resgata o conhecimento sobre o trato com a terra, estimula e aguça a imaginação, traz benefícios psicológico, social, nutricional e econômico, favorecendo, neste sentido o processo de construção crítica do conhecimento, aliados a práxis que alia ensino, pesquisa; extensão e, sobretudo, amplia as relações entre academia e comunidade. Neste sentido, compreendemos que esta prática transforma o espaço deixando mais arborizado, melhorando o microclima e sua biodiversidade que deixam o ambiente mais relaxante

    Elevated Risk for HIV-1 Infection in Adolescents and Young Adults in São Paulo, Brazil

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    Background. Recent studies have sought to describe HIV infection and transmission characteristics around the world. Identification of early HIV-1 infection is essential to proper surveillance and description of regional transmission trends. In this study we compare people recently infected (RI) with HIV-1, as defined by Serologic Testing Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion (STARHS), to those with chronic infection. Methodology/Principal Findings Subjects were identified from 2002-2004 at four testing sites in São Paulo. Of 485 HIV-1-positive subjects, 57 (12%) were defined as RI. Of the participants, 165 (34.0%) were aware of their serostatus at the time of HIV-1 testing. This proportion was statistically larger (p<0.001) among the individuals without recent infection (n = 158, 95.8%) compared to 7 individuals (4.2%) with recently acquired HIV-1 infection. In the univariate analysis, RI was more frequent in <25 and >59 years-old age strata (p<0.001). The majority of study participants were male (78.4%), 25 to 45 years-old (65.8%), white (63.2%), single (61.7%), with family income of four or more times the minimum wage (41.0%), but with an equally distributed educational level. Of those individuals infected with HIV-1, the predominant route of infection was sexual contact (89.4%), with both hetero (47.5%) and homosexual (34.5%) exposure. Regarding sexual activity in these individuals, 43.9% reported possible HIV-1 exposure through a seropositive partner, and 49.4% reported multiple partners, with 47% having 2 to 10 partners and 37.4% 11 or more; 53.4% of infected individuals reported condom use sometimes; 34.2% reported non-injecting, recreational drug use and 23.6% were reactive for syphilis by VDRL. Subjects younger than 25 years of age were most vulnerable according to the multivariate analysis. ) Conclusions/Significance In this study, we evaluated RI individuals and discovered that HIV-1 has been spreading among younger individuals in São Paulo and preventive approaches should, therefore, target this age stratu

    Mitochondrial physiology

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    As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

    Mitochondrial physiology

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    As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

    Maximum entropy image restoration in nuclear medicine

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    A model for the process involved in radioisotope emission imaging is a distribution of Poisson emission processes whose rates, which depend on the intensity of radioisotope concentration, are to be estimated on the basis of counting records from an array of detectors. Since emission imaging is particularly prone to problems arising from the limited resolution of the detectors, combined with weak statistics of the same, the resulting images require substantial processing. In this thesis the problem of planar image restoration from noisy measurements as encountered in Nuclear Medicine is considered. A new approach for treating the measurements prior to restoration is presented where they are represented by a spatial noncausal interaction model. The measurements were found to be highly correlated from independent measurements and tests performed on actual gamma camera records. A simultaneous autoregressive model is utilized to describe these correlations. In conventional nuclear medicine imaging this correlation results in non-uniformity in gain across the detector array. The restoration problem is treated here as a constrained optimisation approach where the Maximum Entropy principle is used to select the image with minimum information content consistent with the available measurements. Regarding the constraint equations, which are specified in terms of the available measurements and the dispersive characteristics of the detection process, a model is introduced. This is based on the Poisson statistics of the emissions and a point spread function for the imaging system. Although the algorithms treated here are iterative and hence slower than direct techniques, of the kind favoured in clinical practice, they are aimed at producing further improvement in image quality. In developing the algorithms, consideration has been given to the need to compromise between modelling the complex stochastic nature of the emission and focusing processes, and to reduce the computational cost, particularly in time, for producing a complex image whereresolution and sensitivity are paramount. Results for both simulated data and actual gamma camera data are presented and compared with more conventional techniques. The latter include pelvic and heart cycle imaging results.</p
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