Impact of Gender on In-hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction in Nagasaki

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death in Japan. Immediate reperfusion therapy, includingcoronary intervention, improves patient prognosis. Despite this, females are said to be more prone to poor prognosis. A regional AMI registry in Nagasaki prefecture has been instituted recently that will evaluate whether female gender might predict short-term in-hospital death. Seventeen regional AMI centers enrolled all AMI patients from September 2014 through March 2016. A propensity score (PS) was derived using logistic regression to model the probability of females as a total function of the potential confounding covariates. Two types of PS techniques were used: PS matching and PS stratification. The consistency of in-hospital death was determined between PS matched patients of both genders. Based on PS, patients were ranked and stratified into five groups for the PS stratification. Out of 996 patients, 67 (6.7%) died during hospitalization: 31 (10.4%) out of 298 females and 36 (5.2%) out of 698 males (p < 0.0025). The proportion of cardiac and non-cardiac related death was almost same between genders (25 and 6 in female, 29 and 7 in male, respectively). Among 196 PS matched patients, there was a consistency between genders regarding in-hospital deaths (McNemar test, p = 0.6698). The 717 propensity scored patients had no significant differences between genders among propensity quintiles (Cochran-Mantel-Heanszel test, p = 0.7117). We found that gender alone is not an indicator of short-term in-hospital death in acute myocardial infarction patients

Retrospective evaluation of whole exome and genome mutation calls in 746 cancer samples

Funder: NCI U24CA211006Abstract: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) curated consensus somatic mutation calls using whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we compare WES and WGS side-by-side from 746 TCGA samples, finding that ~80% of mutations overlap in covered exonic regions. We estimate that low variant allele fraction (VAF < 15%) and clonal heterogeneity contribute up to 68% of private WGS mutations and 71% of private WES mutations. We observe that ~30% of private WGS mutations trace to mutations identified by a single variant caller in WES consensus efforts. WGS captures both ~50% more variation in exonic regions and un-observed mutations in loci with variable GC-content. Together, our analysis highlights technological divergences between two reproducible somatic variant detection efforts

Road network with roadscape vectors in Awaji Island, Japan

Summary This dataset contains road network with roadscape vectors in Awaji Island, Japan. The road network data is derived from OpenStreetMap, and it consists of 102,506 road nodes and 212,050 road links in the area of Awaji Island. Roadscape vectors are given to each road link. Road network data A road network is a directed graph G = (V, E), where V is a road node set and E ⊆ V × V is a road link set. A road node vi ∈ V represents an intersection or an end point. A road link ek = (vi, vj) ∈ E represents a directed link from the starting node vi to the ending node vj. Road nodes data m_road_nodes_latlng.csv Road nodes are contained in the file m_road_nodes_latlng.csv. The number of road nodes is 102,506. Each line corresponds to one node. These lines have the following format as tab delimited: node_id, lat, lng Here, node_id denotes a road node ID for identifying a road node. lat and lng denote latitude and longitude, respectively. Road links data m_road_links_nodes.csv Road links are contained in the file m_road_links_nodes.csv. The number of road links is 212,050. Each line corresponds to one link. These lines have the following format as tab delimited: link_id, start_node_id, end_node_id Here, link_id denotes a road link ID for identifying a road link. start_node_id and end_node_id denote starting node ID and ending node ID, which refer to node_id in the file m_road_nodes_latlng.csv (i.e. the same node ID refers to the same road node across these files), respectively. Roadscape vectors A roadscape vector is defined as a four-dimensional probability vector composed of four kinds of roadscape elements, rural, mountainous, waterside, and urban elements. Each element of the vector denotes the probability of including the roadscape element. Therefore, the sum of values over all elements is 1. Road link vectors data m_road_links_vector.csv Roadscape vectors of road links are contained in the file m_road_links_vector.csv. Each line corresponds to one link with its roadscape vector. These lines have the following format as tab delimited: link_id, rural, mountain, water, urban Here, link_id denotes a road link ID, which refer to link_id in the file m_road_lonks_nodes.csv (i.e. the same link ID referes to the same road link across these files). The rural, mountain, water, and urban denote rural, mountainous, waterside, urban elements in its roadscape vector, respectively. Citation To make use of the dataset, please cite the following paper: Koji Kawamata and Kenta Oku. Roadscape-based Route Recommender System using Coarse-to-fine Route Search, In Proceeding of the ACM RecSys Workshop on Recommenders in Tourism (RecTour 2018), pp.23--27, 2018

Magnetic properties of mixed-valence iron phosphate glasses

Magnetic properties of mixed-valence iron phosphate glasses, where there coexist Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions, have been investigated. The molar fraction of Fe3+ with respect to the total iron ion, [Fe3+]/[Fetotal], can be controlled by melting the glass at varied temperatures. Experiments of magnetic aging and memory effects as well as dynamic and static scaling analyses of relaxation time and nonlinear magnetic susceptibility have been performed to get insight into the nature of low-temperature magnetic phase of the glass system. The experimental results reveal that the iron phosphate glasses undergo paramagnet-spin-glass transitions at low temperatures. Temperature dependence of magnetic specific heat suggests that as the temperature is lowered, the magnetic moments start to be frozen at a temperature significantly higher than the spin-glass transition temperature accompanied by a deviation in magnetic susceptibility from Curie-Weiss law. The ratio of the absolute value of Weiss temperature to spin-glass transition temperature increases as the ratio [Fe3+]/[Fetotal] becomes larger. This behavior is explainable in terms of the difference in single-ion anisotropy between Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions

Magnetic properties of mixed-valence iron phosphate glasses

Magnetic properties of mixed-valence iron phosphate glasses, where there coexist Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions, have been investigated. The molar fraction of Fe3+ with respect to the total iron ion, [Fe3+]/[Fetotal], can be controlled by melting the glass at varied temperatures. Experiments of magnetic aging and memory effects as well as dynamic and static scaling analyses of relaxation time and nonlinear magnetic susceptibility have been performed to get insight into the nature of low-temperature magnetic phase of the glass system. The experimental results reveal that the iron phosphate glasses undergo paramagnet-spin-glass transitions at low temperatures. Temperature dependence of magnetic specific heat suggests that as the temperature is lowered, the magnetic moments start to be frozen at a temperature significantly higher than the spin-glass transition temperature accompanied by a deviation in magnetic susceptibility from Curie-Weiss law. The ratio of the absolute value of Weiss temperature to spin-glass transition temperature increases as the ratio [Fe3+]/[Fetotal] becomes larger. This behavior is explainable in terms of the difference in single-ion anisotropy between Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions

Characterization and bioavailability of liposomes containing a ukon extract

In order to use liposomes as an efficient carrier of functional food materials, liposomes encapsulating a ukon extract (LUE) were prepared by the mechanochemical method under different conditions, and were physico-chemically and biochemically characterized. After a homogenization treatment, the size of LUE decreased with decreasing concentration of the extract from 10 to 2.5 wt %, but did not decrease below 570 nm. LUE were thus subjected to microfluidization. The LUE solutions obtained from less than 5 wt % of the extract remained well dispersed for at least 14 d, whereas those from 10 wt % showed phase separation. With 5 wt % of the extract, the size of LUE obtained at an inlet pressure of 100 MPa was smaller than that obtained at 20 MPa, and reached below 180 nm. Under optimal conditions, resulting LUE was confirmed to be small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) with a diameter of approximately 100 nm by freeze-fracture electron microscopy (FFEM). When used for treating simulated gastric and intestinal fluids, LUE obtained by microfluidization showed a 2-fold higher residual rate of curcumin than the uncapsuled extract itself. The bioactivity of LUE was further examined for its suppressive effect on carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced liver injury by using mice. Orally administrated LUE at a dose of 10 mg/kg as the extract had a much higher suppressive effect on the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, compared to the uncapsuled extract at a dose of 33 mg/kg

Carborane-Based Lewis Base Catalysts for Aromatic Halogenation

Haloarenes have been an important class of chemicals in modern organic chemistry field because the halide functionality offers numerous possible transformations. Classical electrophilic aromatic halogenation using molecular halogens and Lewis/Brønsted acid activators is still a promising synthetic tool; however, it suffers from handling difficulties, low selectivity, and limited functional group tolerance. We herein introduce carborane-based Lewis base catalysts for the aromatic halogenation using N-halosuccinimides. The developed reaction system was readily applicable to late-stage functionalization of drug molecules and efficient synthesis of multi-halogenated aromatics. The m-carborane scaffold was most suitable for the catalysis, and the possible fine-tuning by decorating the cluster vertices was important for modulating the electronic property of halonium species to maximize the catalytic performance