Design and simulation of low power consumption polymeric based MMI thermo-optic switch

In optical communication system, optical cross connect devices particularly an optical switch has become the main attraction for research due to its ability to route optical data signals without the need for conversion to electrical signals. Thus, it is important to develop optical devices such as optical switch with low power consumption and crosstalk for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) lightwave communication system. This project aims towards the design and simulation work of a polymeric based thermo-optic switch using Multimode Interference (MMI) structure to achieve low switching power capability and reduce crosstalk figure. The optical switch is designed on the 2x2 MMI cross coupler architecture of optical switch based on the general interference mechanism. Light propagation and thermal distribution through the optical switch is modeled using Finite Difference Beam Propagation Method (FD-BPM). Photosensitive SU-8 epoxy polymeric based waveguide material at core layers with PMGI at upper and lower cladding layer were chosen due to its low thermal conductivity and high thermo-optic coefficient. Further analysis has been performed by exploring the effect of heater‟s structure and its placement in order to reduce switching power. It is observed that by applying well-designed of heater‟s structure and suitable placement of heater, low power consumption as low as 9.05 mW with crosstalk level of -36.52 dB can be achieved

Efficacy of Fungicide Against Mould (Fusarium Solani Sacc.) and Stain (Lasiodiplodia Theobromae Pat.) Fungi on Four Clones of Heveawood

New formulations of safe preservatives are being searched to treat heveawood to resolve discolouration problem so as to preserve and protect its original colour. Sodium pentachlorophenate (NaPCP) has been widely used to control stain fungi on heveawood. However, this substance has been phased out due to its mamalian hazardous. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of Evotek® 230 SE against wood staining fungi on four clones of heveawood. A formulation of Evotek® 230 SE was tested at various concentrations to control wood staining fungi in four clones of heveawood. The solution concentrations used in this study were 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5%. A concentration level of 0.5 and 1% for sodium pentachlorophenate was used as a standard. Laboratory studies using freshly cut heveawood blocks, demonstrated the antifungal properties of Evotek® 230 SE. This formulation was effective for protection against stain fungi at a low level (0.1%) while sodium pentachlorophenate was effective only at 1.0%

Structural Behaviour of Precast Lightweight Foamed Concrete Sandwich Panel under Axial Load: An Overview

The development of precast sandwich concrete has gained acceptance worldwide in conjunction with the Industrial Building System (IBS).  The advancement and improvement of using wall panel has gone through a lot of achievements through the last decade. The usage of precast lightweight sandwich panel has become the alternative to conventional construction using brick wall. The usage of this panel system contributes to a sustainable and environmental friendly construction.  This paper presents an overview of the latest development in precast concrete sandwich panel as an IBS. The purpose of this paper is to provide comprehensive information on latest research development of sandwich panel for building construction purposes. The information on sandwich panel’s composition, material, properties, strength, availability, and its usage as structural element are reported.  An innovative concept used in the design of these systems and the use of lightweight materials is also discussed

Amalan Pengurusan Kewangan Pengetua Sekolah Menengah Negeri Melaka

Kajian ini bertujuan menyelidik tahap amalan pengetua dalam pengurusan Kumpulan Wang Bantuan Kerajaan Kajian ini menumpukan kepada tahap amalan pengetua dalam empat aspek pengurusan, iaitu aspek perancangan, pembelian, pilihan alternatif dan kawalan Kajian ini juga cuba mengenal pasti sama ada terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan pada tahap amalan pengetua dalam pengurusan kewangan berdasarkan faktor demografi Selain itu, kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti masalah yang dihadapi oleh pengetua dalam pengurusan Kumpulan Wang Bantuan Kerajaan

Structural behaviour of beam with HDPE plastic balls subjected to flexure load

This paper presents the structural behavior of reinforced concrete beam embedded with high density polyethylene balls (HDPE) subjected to flexural load. The HDPE balls with 180 mm diameter were embedded to create the spherical voids in the beam which lead to reduction in its self-weight. Two beam specimens with HDPE balls (RC-HDPE) and one solid beam (RC-S) with dimension 250 mm x 300 mm x 1100 mm were cast and tested until failure. The results are analysed in the context of its ultimate load, load-deflection profile, and crack pattern and failure mode. It was found that the ultimate load of RC-HDPE was reduced by 32% compared to RC-S beam while the maximum deflection at its mid span was increased by 4%. However, RC-HDPE is noticed to be more ductile compared to RC-S beam. Both types of beams experienced flexure cracks and diagonal tension cracks before failur

Tahap Perlaksanaan Amalan Pengajaran Sains Dalam Bahasa Inggeris Di Sekolah Rendah Di Daerah Johor Bharu

Perlaksanaan pengajaran Sains dan Matematik dalam Bahasa Inggeris telah laksanakan sejak tahun 2003 hingga kini . Namun sejauhmana tahap perlaksanaannya di sekolah masih menjadi persoalan. Oleh yang demikian kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perlaksanaan amalan pengajaran Sains dan Matematik dalam Bahasa Inggeris di sekolah rendah. Kajian ini melibatkan 270 orang pelajar dari lapan buah sekolah rendah di daerah Johor Bahru. Alat Kajian yang digunakan ialah soal selidik yang mengandungi 31 item. Nilai kebolehpercayaan alat kajian adalah ? .81. Hasil dapatan data dianalisis secara statistik deskriptif dan inferensi. Dapatan Kajian ini menunjukkan min perlaksanaan amalan pengajaran Sains dalam Bahasa Inggeris ialah 2.54. Ini menunjukkan perlaksanaannya berada pada tahap tinggi. Perlaksanaan pengajaran Sains dalam Bahasa Inggeris antara sekolah bandar dengan luar bandar tidak menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan. Kajian ini juga mendapati terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara perlaksanaan pengajaran Sains dalam Bahasa Inggeris dengan persepsi murid terhadap guru, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara perlaksanaan pengajaran Sains dalam Bahasa Inggeris dengan sikap pelajar terhadap matapelajaran Sains. Manakala tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara perlaksanaan Sains dalam Bahasa Inggeris dengan pencapaian pelajar dalam mata pelajaran Sains

Kesan penggunaan e-konkrit berasaskan model needham lima fasa terhadap kesesuaian isi kandungan dan pencapaian pelajar

Kaedah pengajaran memainkan peranan yang penting di dalam meningkatkan tahap kefahaman pelajar. Kaedah pengajaran konvensional sedia ada kurang menarik perhatian pelajar jika ianya hanya melibatkan interaksi satu hala e-Pembelajaran merupakan salah satu kaedah yang boleh digunakan untuk menarik minat dan meningkatkan tahap kefahaman pelajar. Kajian yang dijalankan ini adalah untuk mengkaji kesan e-Konkrit menggunakan Model Needham Lima Fasa terhadap kesesuaian isi kandandungan dan pencapaian..

ANALISIS PELAYANAN ADMINISTRASI DI KANTOR CAMAT TAMPAN KOTA PEKANBARU TAHUN 2013

Penelitin ini dilakukan di kantor Camat Tampan Kota Pekanbaru Tahun 2013. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa Pelaksanaan Administrasi Pemerintahan pada Kantor Camat Tampan, dan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa Faktor Penghambat Pelayanan Administrasi Pemerintahan di Kantor Camat Tampan Kota Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian dalam skripsi ini adalah jenis penelitian deskiptif analisis dimana data deskriptif jawaban responden dan di analisa oleh penulis. Yang menjadi populasi ini adalah jumlah Masyarakat yang membutuhkan pelayanan pada bulan Januari- Juni 2013 sebanyak 543 orang. Berdasarkan populasi ditetapkan sampel penelitian 84 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa pelayanan administrasi yang diberikan atau dilakukan Camat, dan Pegawai Kantor Camat Tampan Kota Pekanbaru khusunya Pelayanan Administrasi dikategorikan Cukup Baik,karena dari indikator-indikator yang diteliti menunjukan Pelayanan Administrasi dari segi Tangibles, Responsivitas, Kompetensi, dan Tranparansi sudah menjalankan tugas Administrasi sesuai dengan Peraturan yang telah ditetapkan, namun demikian ada beberapa kendala yakni, dalam pelaksanaan Administrasi Pelayanan kurangnya informasi persyaratan dan prosedur, kurangnya sarana dan prasarana serta kompetensi dalam memberikan pelayanan masih rendah.. Kata Kunci : Pelayanan,Administrasi, Kantor Camat Tampa

Interactive children learning in object recognition via multimedia approach / Noridah Othman

Multimedia software present the latest advances by providing an environment in which the traditional language teaching media of text, picture, graphics, task, sound and video can amalgamated. Market researcher tracking software tends have identified that the largest software growth recently has been in new tides and companies serving the early childhood educational market Of the people who own home computers and have young children, 70% have purchased educational software for their children to use (SPA Consumer Market Report 1996). The purpose of this thesis is develop a prototype model for children aged between 7-12 old years by provide an interactive learning environment through combination various of multimedia element in order to meet children's interest and needs and lead toward helping every children maximize flieir learning potential through 3D animation picture