Qualitative Monitoring of Saveh Plain's Groundwater Based on Water Quality Index (WQI)

In this study, the quality of groundwater resources of Saveh plain was investigated based on water quality index (WQI). WQI index is based on use of magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), sulfate (SO4), chloride (Cl), Total solids (TDS), bicarbonate (HCO3), calcium (Ca) and pH which determines the class of water quality. The required qualitative data were collected from12 wells at Saveh plain and WQI index was calculated. Based on WQI index from the needed 12 wells, 2 wells were at High class, 5 wells were at the appropriate class, 4 wells in weak class and 1well in very weak class. Based on WQI, the more we move from West ,the groundwater quality reduces, in the way that the quality of ground water in western areas of plain are in High class and in the eastern areas of the plains are in the weak class

Qualitative Monitoring of Saveh Plain's Groundwater Based on Water Quality Index (WQI)

In this study, the quality of groundwater resources of Saveh plain was investigated based on water quality index (WQI). WQI index is based on use of magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), sulfate (SO4), chloride (Cl), Total solids (TDS), bicarbonate (HCO3), calcium (Ca) and pH which determines the class of water quality. The required qualitative data were collected from12 wells at Saveh plain and WQI index was calculated. Based on WQI index from the needed 12 wells, 2 wells were at High class, 5 wells were at the appropriate class, 4 wells in weak class and 1well in very weak class. Based on WQI, the more we move from West ,the groundwater quality reduces, in the way that the quality of ground water in western areas of plain are in High class and in the eastern areas of the plains are in the weak class

Qualitative Monitoring of Saveh Plain's Groundwater Based on Water Quality Index (WQI)

In this study, the quality of groundwater resources of Saveh plain was investigated based on water quality index (WQI). WQI index is based on use of magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), sulfate (SO4), chloride (Cl), Total solids (TDS), bicarbonate (HCO3), calcium (Ca) and pH which determines the class of water quality. The required qualitative data were collected from12 wells at Saveh plain and WQI index was calculated. Based on WQI index from the needed 12 wells, 2 wells were at High class, 5 wells were at the appropriate class, 4 wells in weak class and 1well in very weak class. Based on WQI, the more we move from West ,the groundwater quality reduces, in the way that the quality of ground water in western areas of plain are in High class and in the eastern areas of the plains are in the weak class

Association between e-selectin and AMPD-1 gene polymorphisms and essential hypertension in selected Malaysian subjects

Essential hypertension (EH) is one the most common multifactorial disorders associated with significant risk for cardiovascular and renal comorbidity. Prevalence of hypertension is increasing annually in Malaysia. Studies indicate that the high prevalence of hypertension in this population is most common among males. Unfortunately, despite the high frequency of hypertension and its dread effects, few studies have been conducted on the Malaysian population. In contrast to the high rate of hypertension in Malaysia, hypertension prevalence is decreasing significantly in developed countries. A few studies have been carried out to explore primary hypertension in more detail among the Malaysian population. It is indicated that 30% to 50% of the etiologic factors related to the development of essential hypertension are genetically-rooted. The aim of this current study was to determine the association of E-selectin and Adenosine Monophosphate Deaminase1 (AMPD1) genes polymorphism with essential hypertension among Malaysian subjects. The two genes were selected based on their function in the development of hypertension. As for the E-selectin, its functions are associated with pro-inflammatory effect, whereas for AMPD1, its influence on metabolism may be related in the etiology of hypertension. Two hundred hypertensive and 200 normotensive individuals were recruited in this study, and their DNA were analyzed in order to determine the polymorphism of E-selectin and AMPD1 genes. The PCR-RFLP method was used in this research. After extracting DNA using an available commercial DNA extraction kit, the DNA was incubated with the restriction enzyme to be cut into different fragments. Subsequently, post stain was carried out. To visualize DNA, the UV image capturing system was carried out to identify three forms of DNA pattern. There were significant associations observed for the selected gene polymorphisms and hypertension, namely, the S128R polymorphism of E-selectin (chi-squared, p<0.05) ; regarding AMPD1, for C34T, G468T and C143T (chi-squared, p<0.05). It is indicated that for the Eselectin S128R polymorphism, the R allele has a potent effect on essential hypertension (odds ratio 6.6, 95% CI 3.46-9.89); in addition, for the C34T, T allele carriers are 9.49 times more at risk of hypertension (odds ratio 9.49, 95% CI 5.6-16.02) . Furthermore, C143T subjects who are T carriers are 3.85 times more at risk of primary hypertension (odds ratio 3.85, 95% CI 1.86-6.70), while for G468T there was no difference observed with respect to both alleles (odds ratio 1, 95% CI, 0.65-1.52). Also, there was a significant association observed between S128R polymorphism and increased level of SBP. Furthermore, in terms of SBP and DBP, there was a significant association observed among C34T genotypes. In this study, there was not significant relationship between smoking and gender based on different genotypes. In conclusion, this study shows the significant potential of Eselectin and AMPD1 on the development of essential hypertension. These genes may be considered as a risk factor for subjects who are predisposed to hypertension. However, further studies which involve more samples and different populations need to be carried out

Multipliers and Uniformly Continuous Functionals Over Fourier Algebras of Ultraspherical Hypergroups

Let H be an ultraspherical hypergroup associated to a locally compact group G and let A(H) be the Fourier algebra of H. For a left Banach A(H)-submodule X of VN(H), define QX to be the norm closure of the linear span of the set {u f : u ∈ A(H), f ∈ X} in BA(H)(A(H), X ∗ ) ∗ . We will show that BA(H)(A(H), X ∗ ) is a dual Banach space with predual QX. Applications obtained on the multiplier algebra M(A(H)) of the Fourier algebra A(H). In particular, we prove that G is amenable if and only if M(A(H)) = Bλ(H). We also study the uniformly continuous functionals associated with the Fourier algebra A(H) and obtain some characterizations for H to be discrete. Finally, we establish a contractive and injective representation from Bλ(H) into B σ A(H) (Bλ(H)). As an application of this result we show that the induced representation Φ : Bλ(H) → B σ A(H) (Bλ(H)) is surjective if and only if G is amenable

On the Algebras VN(H) and VN(H)(*) of an Ultraspherical Hypergroup H

Let H be an ultraspherical hypergroup and let A(H) be the Fourier algebra associated with H. In this paper, we study the dual and the double dual of A(H). We prove among other things that the subspace of all uniformly continuous functionals on A(H) forms a C∗ -algebra. We also prove that the double dual A(H)∗∗ is neither commutative nor semisimple with respect to the Arens product, unless the underlying hypergroup H is finite. Finally, we study the unit elements of A(H)∗∗

Diffuse Hepatic and Spleen Uptake of Tc-99m MDP on Bone Scintigraphy Resembling Liver-Spleen Scintigraphy in a Patient of Plasma Cell Tumor

The present case demonstrates a diffuse intense hepatic and, to a lesser degree, spleen, Tc-99m MDP uptake on a routine bone scintigraphy resembling liver-spleen imaging.A49-year-old female with a history of anaplastic plasma cell tumor and suffering from bone pain was referred for bone scintigraphy to evaluate possible bone metastases.The bone scintigraphy showed diffuse hepatic and spleen uptake of Tc-99m MDP resembling liver-spleen imaging. Furthermore, bone uptake of Tc-99m MDP was significantly diminished and there were no abnormal foci throughout the skeleton. The bone scintigraphy of the present case of an anaplastic plasma cell tumor suggests the possible presence of amyloidosis