Analysis of Lateral Displacements in Large Railway Viaducts Under Traffic Loads. Impact on Ride Safety and Passenger Comfort.

The increasing design speed of the new high speed lines and the stringent requirements on track alignment parameters are leading to a sustained increase of the number of railway viaducts. The relevant standards impose limiting values on lateral vibrations. Both the Spanish and European standards establish a minimum value for the first natural frequency of lateral vibration of a span, that should not be lower than fh0 = 1,2 Hz. This limit was originally proposed by ERRI committee D181, which assessed the lateral forces in railway bridges. This limit was proposed in order to avoid lateral resonance in railway vehicles going across the structure, taking into account that the frequencies of lateral vibration of railway vehicles are, in general, not greater than 1,0 Hz. In the case of large continuous viaducts with high piers, the lateral deformations occurring during a train pass-by can be significant and the natural frequencies of the first mode of vibration of the deck can be very low. In these cases it is not clear whether the required verifications must be applied to spans considered independently, to several successive spans or to the whole viaduct. There is currently no analysis methodology allowing to assess this situation and check the viaduct design against the requirements of ride safety and passenger comfort. This paper analyzes the lateral deformations of a large continuous viaduct and the infrastructure vehicle interaction effects due to the circulation of freight trains and several types of high speed train sat different speeds. The application of this methodology will allow an optimized design of viaducts with significant lateral deformations that cannot be justified only by using the simplified criteria of the current applicable standards. In such cases, the compliance with standards may lead to over dimensioning or in other cases to neglect the limits without the adequate verification of the proper infrastructure behavior once it has been commissioned. As it is the case for vertical deformations, for which the European standards require the assessment of dynamic effects, we stress the need for a dynamic analysis of the effects of lateral deformations in large railway viaducts

Hydraulic stability of cube-armored mound breakwaters in depth-limited breaking wave conditions

[EN] Armor erosion due to wave attack has been studied intensively since it is considered the main failure mode of mound breakwaters. Cube-armored mound breakwaters in depth-limited breaking wave conditions are common in practice but have received limited attention in the literature. In this study, 2D physical tests were performed on non-overtopped double-layer randomly-placed cube-armored mound breakwater models with armor slope cot¿ = 1.5 and bottom slope m = 2% in breaking wave conditions. Using the experimental results, a new hydraulic stability formula was derived with a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.85 based on a power relationship between the armor damage and the stability number and the dimensionless water depth. A lower hydraulic stability was found for the front slope of non-overtopped cube-armored structures in breaking wave conditions when compared to formulas given in the literature.The authors acknowledge the support from grant RTI2018-101073B-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and "ERDF A way of making Europe", the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under grant BIA2012-33967, the Generalitat Valenciana under the grant AEST/2021/045 and FEDER. The authors thank Debra Westall for revising the manuscript.Mares-Nasarre, P.; Molines, J.; Gómez-Martín, ME.; Medina, JR. (2022). Hydraulic stability of cube-armored mound breakwaters in depth-limited breaking wave conditions. Ocean Engineering. 259:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.11184511325

La importancia de la formación para la inserción laboral

Saber como de importante es la formación para la inserción laboral, en relación con los jóvenes de España

In processu Lic. Georgii Nassarre presbyteri super apprehensione por el D. D. Juan Lope, racionero de mensa de la Santa Iglesia Metropolitana en el Santo Templo de el Salvador : segundo informe. Sobre que la racion aprehensa no esta sugeta a la reservacion apostolica de meses porque en su fundacion laical se ordena, que provean perpetuamente, y a cualquier capellan personas eclesiasticas por razon de sus dignidades

Copia digital : Diputación Provincial de Zaragoza. Servicio de Archivos y Bibliotecas, 2010Datos de tít. tomados de p.1, y mención de responsabilidad del final del textoTexto fechado al final del mismo en Zaragoza ... 1705Sign.: A-Z\p2\s, 2A-2B\p2\sInic. grab. xil. en p.

The Sociotype of Dermatological Patients: Assessing the Social Burden of Skin Disease

Skin diseases can be the cause of a significant psychosocial burden. However, tools to screen for social interaction difficulties and diminished social networks that affect the wellbeing and mental health of the individual have not been sufficiently developed. This study is based on the sociotype approach, which has recently been proposed as a new theoretical construct implemented in the form of an ad hoc questionnaire that examines the social bonding structures and relational factors. A pilot study was conducted in Alcañiz Hospital (Spain), with a study population of 159 dermatology patients. The results showed that in both subjective estimates concerning family, friends, work, and acquaintances, and in quantitative aspects, such as social contacts, duration of conversations, and moments of laughter, there were significant differences between the sample regarding diagnostic severity, dermatological diseases, and gender. The sociotype questionnaire (SOCQ) is a useful tool to screen for social difficulties in dermatological patients

A study of the lateral dynamic behaviour of high speed railway viaducts and its effect on vehicle ride comfort and stability

The study of the lateral behaviour of railway bridges and vehicles is an important issue on bridges with low lateral stiffness, which has been defined by ERRI (1996) as those with lateral natural frequencies below 1.2 Hz. This limit applies to the deformation of the deck in one span, and was demonstrated to be a real issue on measurements and models of bridges with open deck sections and supporting trusses, of low lateral bending stiffness for the deck. Although not included in the above category, modern long viaducts for HSR with continuous decks on tall piers may also exhibit very low lateral stiffness and frequencies, which could produce undesired effects for the comfort or even the stability of the railway vehicles. In this work a simple model has been developed and applied to consider worst-case scenarios in a representative bridge, the “Arroyo de las Piedras” viaduct in Spain. The trains considered are representative of those circulating in the Spanish HSR network, as well as a freight wagon. Threedimensional dynamic models were developed with finite elements. The actions considered include the lateral deformation of the bridge in response to vertical eccentric loads, track alignment irregularities and finally lateral motion of vehicles due to conicity of wheel-rail contact. The results show that there is, at least in this case, no cause for concern. However, for some scenarios the results in terms of lateral motion and forces are not negligible and should be considered in the design

Aloinjerto como material de relleno de defecto óseo metafisario en las fracturas de platillo tibial

El propósito de este estudio fue valorar la eficacia del aloinjerto en las fracturas de platillo tibial como material de relleno para los defectos metafisarios, así como una alternativa que disminuya la morbilidad (dolor en el lugar de la extracción, infección del mismo, alargamiento del tiempo de intervención quirúrgica...) sin que disminuya la capacidad de integración ósea y se comprometa la realización de una movilización precoz. Para ello se han revisado trece casos clínicos en los que se ha practicado una reducción anatómica, fijación interna y relleno con aloinjerto procedente del Banco de Huesos, apreciándose una integración ósea del mismo en el plazo aproximado de 10 semanas. Valorando los resultados con arreglo a los criterios de Honkonen hemos obtenido 7 casos con excelente resultado, 4 casos con bueno y 2 casos con mal resultado. Consideramos que el aloinjerto óseo es una eficaz alternativa en el relleno de los defectos metafisarios óseos asociados a las fracturas de platillo tibial.The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of allograft bone as filling agent of metaphyseal defects in tibial plateau fractures, trying to find an effective alternative to decrease the morbility (donor site complications: painful, infection, increased surgical time...), without affecting bone ingrowth and early motion. A total of 13 cases treated by anatomic open reduction, rigid internal fixation and filling with frozen allograft bone have been reviewed. When evaluating results according to Honkonen, excellent results were found in 7 cases, good results in 4 and bad results in 2. Allograft bone seems to be an effective alternative for repairing metaphyseal defects associated with tibial plateau fractures

Divulgación científica con participación de estudiantes de Grado en Ingeniería Civil y Máster en Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos

[ES] El Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior introduce el aprendizaje por competencias como un pilar fundamental en la formación universitaria. Esas competencias incluyen las específicas de la titulación, definidas en el plan de estudios, y las transversales que permiten mejorar la inserción laboral de los estudiantes. La Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) dispone de un proyecto institucional con 13 Competencias Transversales, las cuales se trabajan y evalúan mediante (1) distintas actividades docentes en asignaturas que son puntos de control, (2) trabajos fin de grado y máster y/o (3) actividades extracurriculares. Sin embargo, algunas de ellas son difíciles de trabajar en el aula. El cono de Dale (1969) o la pirámide de Glasser (1998), indican que aprendemos sólo un 10% de lo que leemos mientras que ese porcentaje se incrementa a más del 90% cuando enseñamos a otros. Durante los dos últimos años, se ha desarrollado un taller de Ingeniería Marítima en el Laboratorio de Puertos y Costas dirigido a alumnos entre 15-17 años dentro de la convocatoria CiènciaLab de la UPV. El taller consta de 3 actividades simultáneas y en su última edición han participado en su preparación y desarrollo alumnos de los últimos cursos del Grado en Ingeniería Civil y del Máster en Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos. Esta colaboración está en línea con el incremento de aprendizaje que se produce cuando enseñamos a otros y además permite a los alumnos trabajar de primera mano competencias como la de Comunicación Efectiva y la de Planificación y gestión del tiempo, entre otras.Los autores agradecen el apoyo y financiación del Área de Comunicación de la UPV para desarrollar el Taller de CiènciaLab: “¿Cómo nos protegemos de las olas?”.Molines Llodrá, J.; Mares Nasarre, P.; Gómez-Martín, ME.; Esteban Chapapría, V. (2021). Divulgación científica con participación de estudiantes de Grado en Ingeniería Civil y Máster en Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos. En Proceedings INNODOCT/20. International Conference on Innovation, Documentation and Education. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 601-608. https://doi.org/10.4995/INN2020.2020.11880OCS60160