Acercamiento botánico al orden Caryophyllales especies más representativas

Se realiza un trabajo bibliográfico del orden Caryophyllales como se conoce en la última obra de Takhtajan y APG. Se hacen consideraciones generales de este orden. De las 34 familias que lo forman, se han tratado 16, todas menos Nepenthaceae, están descritas o citadas en la Península Ibérica, en Flora Ibérica o base de datos Anthos: Droseraceae, Nepenthaceae, Drosophyllaceae, Frankeniaceae, Tamaricaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae, Simmondsiaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Amaranthaceae, Aizoaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Molluginaceae, Portulacaceae y Cactaceae. De cada familia se hace una descripción breve, se aporta su distribución geográfica a nivel mundial y su etimología. También se realizan comentarios sobre los géneros o especies más interesantes. Para ellose ha seguido el criterio de importancia alimenticia, farmacéutica y ornamental.A bibliographical study of Caryophyllales order is made as it is known in the last work of Takhtajan and APG. General considerations of this order are made. Of the 34 families that form it, 16 have been studied described in the Iberian Peninsula: in Flora Iberian and Anthos, except Nepenthaceae: Droseraceae, Nepenthaceae, Drosophyllaceae, Frankeniaceae, Tamaricaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae, Simmondsiaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Amaranthaceae, Aizoaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Molluginaceae, Portulacaceae and Cactaceae. From each family a brief description is made, its geographical distribution is provided worldwide and its etymology. Comments are also made on the most interesting genera or species. To this end, the criterion of nutritional, pharmaceutical and ornamental importance has been followedUniversidad de Sevilla. Grado en Farmaci

Perinatal mortality in the European Union. What influences whether birth is hospital or at home? Literature review

OBJETIVOS: - Describir el modelo de control de la gestación y asistencia al parto domiciliario tomando como referencia Países Bajos. - Comparar la Tasa de Mortalidad Perinatal (TMP) de los países europeos donde sea usual el parto domiciliario con los que la mayoría de sus partos sean atendidos en el hospital. - Mostrar los datos de Tasa de Mortalidad en Países Europeos. - Abrir nuevas vías de investigación respecto al tema. MÉTODOS: Revisión bibliográfica mediante búsqueda en bases de datos y buscadores genéricos de Internet. RESULTADOS: Según un estudio holandés donde comparan tipo de parto y resultados obstétricos, no hay diferencias. Estudios PERISTAT I y II: después de Francia, Países Bajos tuvieron la mayor tasa de mortalidad fetal y la mayor tasa de mortalidad neonatal precoz. Estudio de Erasmus MC: en países similares a Países Bajos la TMP puede ser un 30% menos. Meta-análisis en American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology: los nacimientos planificados en casa de madres sanas y bajo riesgo duplicaba el riesgo de mortalidad neonatal. TMP según Comisión Europea: España de las más bajas (TMP=4,9), mucho más que Países Bajos (TMP=6,6). Sube en Reino Unido (TMP= 8,1) o Francia con una TMP de las más altas de Europa (TMP=11,1). CONCLUSIONES: Extrapolar el sistema Holandés a nuestro país sería difícil porque: - Es imprescindible ir al hospital para analgesia farmacológica (muy demandada en España). - El parto hospitalario en España es gratuito (no en Holanda). - Lejanía de algunos domicilios a los hospitales.OBJECTIVES: - Explain the control model of pregnancy and birthing house Netherlands by reference. - Compare the perinatal mortality rate (TMP) of the European countries where home birth is usual with most of their births are attended in the hospital. - Show data-mortality rate in European countries. - Open new avenues of research on the subject. METHODS: Literature review by searching databases and general Internet search engines. RESULTS: According to a Dutch study which compared mode of delivery and obstetric outcomes, no differences. PERISTAT Studies I and II: After France, the Netherlands had the highest fetal mortality rate and the highest rate of early neonatal mortality. Erasmus MC Study: in countries like the Netherlands TMP can be 30% less. Meta-analysis in the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology: planned home births for low risk healthy mothers and doubled the risk of neonatal mortality. TMP as European Commission: the lowest Spain (TMP = 4.9), much more than Netherlands (TMP = 6.6). Add in the UK (TMP = 8.1) or France with a TMP of the highest in Europe (TMP = 11.1). CONCLUSIONS: Extrapolate the Dutch system in our country would be difficult because: - It is essential to go to hospital for pharmacological analgesia (high demand in Spain). - The hospital birth in Spain is free (not in Holland). - Remoteness of some homes to hospitals

Importance of the methodology nurse in the improvement of the quality of care in patients with severe head trauma

Los traumatismos craneoencefálicos (TCE) constituyen un importante problema de salud pública en los países occidentales, por el elevado índice de mortalidad, discapacidad y la prolongada hospitalización que conllevan. Son la primera causa de muerte e incapacidad en la población menor de 45 años y una causa importante de pérdida prematura de vida productiva, de altos costes de atención médica y de pérdidas socioeconómicas grandes para la sociedad. El objetivo del estudio es revisar la literatura actual relacionada con los cuidados de Enfermería aplicados a los pacientes con TCE grave, así como la influencia de los mismos en la mejora de la práctica asistencial y en la calidad de vida de los pacientes y sus familias. Para la realización del trabajo se lleva a cabo una revisión narrativa de la literatura relacionada sobre los aspectos más importantes que influyen en la atención y cuidados de los pacientes con TCE grave. Se revisan las bases de datos MEDLINE, CUIDEN, BDIE, INDEX, CINAHL, LILACS y revisiones sistemáticas de la COCHRANE. La aplicación de la metodología enfermera favorece el cuidado integral al paciente y familia, ayuda a prevenir complicaciones que puedan empeorar la recuperación del paciente disminuyendo las secuelas a largo plazo, y favorece la calidad de vida de estos pacientes además de contribuir en la mejora de la calidad asistencial.The traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitutes a major public health problem in the Western countries, by the high rate of mortality, disability and prolonged hospital stay involving. They are the leading cause of death and disability in the population under 45 years and a major cause of premature loss of productive life, high costs of medical care and of large socio-economic loss to society. The objective of this study is to review the current literature related to nursing care applied to patients with severe TBI, as well as the influence of the same in the improvement of the health care practice and the quality of life of patients and their families. To carry out the work is performed a narrative review of the literature on the most important aspects that influence the attention and care of patients with severe TBI. We review the databases MEDLINE, CUIDEN, BDIE, INDEX, CINAHL, LILACS and the Cochrane systematic reviews. Applying nursing methodology integral care helps the patient and family, helps to prevent complications that can worsen the patient’s recovery by reducing long-term sequelae, and enhances the quality of life of these patients as well as contributes to the improvement of the quality of care

Early triadic interactions in the first year of life: a systematic review on object-mediated shared encounters

Infants’ early interactions with adults and everyday objects are key to socio-communicative development, but their emergence and development are still under debate. Aiming at describing the diversity of theoretical and methodological approaches on triadicity during the first year of life, we conducted a systematic and qualitative review of recent literature. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we explored the scientific production of recent decades on triadic interactions up to 12 months of age. We initially screened 1943 items from which we obtained a final sample of 51 publications. Studies are usually conducted in laboratory settings, while ecological research is becoming increasingly common, especially in home settings. According to a thematic analysis of the data, we discussed the different perspectives on the origin and conceptualization of triadic interactions, and how they contribute to structuring and facilitating other developmental phenomena, such as the children’s communicative gestures and uses of objects. Prior to the origin of intentional communication, adults facilitate early forms of triadicity based on fostering opportunities for infants’ communication and engagement with both adults and materiality. However, there is a need for further research that explore the potential of early triadic interactions for parenting and early childhood education practises

The donor star of the X-ray pulsar X1908+075

High-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) consist of a massive donor star and a compact object. While several of those systems have been well studied in X-rays, little is known for most of the donor stars as they are often heavily obscured in the optical and ultraviolet regime. There is an opportunity to observe them at infrared wavelengths, however. The goal of this study is to obtain the stellar and wind parameters of the donor star in the X1908+075 high-mass X-ray binary system with a stellar atmosphere model to check whether previous studies from X-ray observations and spectral morphology lead to a sufficient description of the donor star. We obtained H- and K-Band spectra of X1908+075 and analysed them with the Potsdam Wolf-Rayet (PoWR) model atmosphere code. For the first time, we calculated a stellar atmosphere model for the donor star, whose main parameters are: $M_{\mathrm{spec}}$ = $15 \pm 6$$M_{\odot}$, $T_{\ast} = 23_{-3}^{+6},$kK, $\log g_\mathrm{eff} = 3.0 \pm 0.2$ and $\log L/L_{\odot}$ = $4.81 \pm 0.25$. The obtained parameters point towards an early B-type (B0--B3) star, probably in a supergiant phase. Moreover we determined a more accurate distance to the system of 4.85 $\pm$ 0.50 kpc than the previously reported value.Comment: Accepted for publication in Section 7. Stellar structure and evolution of Astronomy and Astrophysics. The official date of acceptance is 21/04/201

Dilemas estadounidenses en los noventa. Impactos sobre México

Los autores; Presentación; Prólogo; Contradicciones en las relaciones entre México y Estados Unidos en la coyuntura actual / Remedios Gómez Arnau; El desarrollo regional de Estados Unidos ante los cambios en los gastos de defensa / Guillermo Ibarra Escobar; El festín de Occidente: la seguridad mundial y los riesgos de la democracia / José Luis Valdés Ugalde; La Ley Anticrimen en el marco de la problemática social de los Estados Unidos / Silvia Núñez García; El triunfo fue para los republicanos; La Propuesta 187 en California: un problema antiguo que no cambia / Bárbara A. Driscoll; Estados Unidos y México en la nueva etapa de regulación de las telecomunicaciones / Ana Luz Ruela

Alternative setup for estimating reliable frequency values in a ripple tank

In this paper, we introduce an innovative, low-cost and easy experimental setup to be used in a traditional ripple tank when a frequency generator is unavailable. This configuration was carried out by undergraduate students. The current project allowed them to experiment and to study the relationship between the wavelength and the oscillation period of a mechanical wave, among other things. Under this setup, students could evaluate the mechanism not only qualitative but also in a quantitative fashion with a high degree of confidence. The results obtained for the propagation speed of the mechanical waves in different media with this alternative design coincided with those acquired using a commercial device designed for this purpose

Primary elections and electoral outcomes: evidence from the Spanish Socialist Party

Using a regression discontinuity design and primary elections to select Spanish Socialist Party (PSOE) mayoral candidates as a case study, this paper investigates the causal link between primary elections and electoral outcomes. The results suggest that selecting the PSOE’s mayoral candidate through primary elections has no effect on the percentage of votes and total votes received by the PSOE’s candidate in local elections, the probability of gaining the mayorship and the local government’s stability. On the other hand, the results suggest that PSOE’s primary elections result in increased votes for competing political parties to the right of the PSOE and in reduced votes for competing parties to the left of the PSO