Ruling out the orbital decay of the WASP-43b

We present 15 new transit observations of the exoplanet WASP-43b in the $i'$,$g'$, and $R$ filters with the 1.0-m telescopes of Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope (LCOGT) Network and the IAC80 telescope. We combine our 15 new light curves with 52 others from literature, to analyze homogeneously all the available transit light curves of this exoplanet. By extending the time span of the monitoring of the transits to more than $5~yr$, and by analyzing the individual mid-times of 72 transits, we study the proposed shortening of the orbital period of WASP-43b. We estimate that the times of transit are well-matched by our updated ephemeris equation, using a constant orbital period. We estimate an orbital period change rate no larger than $\dot{P}=-0.02 \pm 6.6~ms~yr^{-1}$, which is fully consistent with a constant period. Based on the timing analysis, we discard stellar tidal dissipation factors $Q_{*}<10^{5}$. In addition, with the modelling of the transits we update the system parameters: $a/Rs=4.867(23)$, $i=82.11(10)^{\circ}$ and $R_p/R_s=0.15942(41)$, noticing a difference in the relative size of the planet between optical and NIR bands.Comment: Accepted for publication in A

Proxima Centauri b is not a transiting exoplanet

We report Spitzer Space Telescope observations during predicted transits of the exoplanet Proxima Centauri b. As the nearest terrestrial habitable-zone planet we will ever discover, any potential transit of Proxima b would place strong constraints on its radius, bulk density, and atmosphere. Subsequent transmission spectroscopy and secondary-eclipse measurements could then probe the atmospheric chemistry, physical processes, and orbit, including a search for biosignatures. However, our photometric results rule out planetary transits at the 200~ppm level at 4.5$~{\mu}m$, yielding a 3$\sigma$ upper radius limit of 0.4~R_\rm{\oplus} (Earth radii). Previous claims of possible transits from optical ground- and space-based photometry were likely correlated noise in the data from Proxima Centauri's frequent flaring. Follow-up observations should focus on planetary radio emission, phase curves, and direct imaging. Our study indicates dramatically reduced stellar activity at near-to-mid infrared wavelengths, compared to the optical. Proxima b is an ideal target for space-based infrared telescopes, if their instruments can be configured to handle Proxima's brightness.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRA

The Calan-Hertfordshire Extrasolar Planet Search

The detailed study of the exoplanetary systems HD189733 and HD209458 has given rise to a wealth of exciting information on the physics of exoplanetary atmospheres. To further our understanding of the make-up and processes within these atmospheres we require a larger sample of bright transiting planets. We have began a project to detect more bright transiting planets in the southern hemisphere by utilising precision radial-velocity measurements. We have observed a constrained sample of bright, inactive and metal-rich stars using the HARPS instrument and here we present the current status of this project, along with our first discoveries which include a brown dwarf/extreme-Jovian exoplanet found in the brown dwarf desert region around the star HD191760 and improved orbits for three other exoplanetary systems HD48265, HD143361 and HD154672. Finally, we briefly discuss the future of this project and the current prospects we have for discovering more bright transiting planets.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the conference proceedings "New Technologies for Probing the Diversity of Brown Dwarfs and Exoplanets" Shanghai 200

Palmitato de ascorbil e acetato de tocoferol como antioxidantes metabólicos em larvas de dourado

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect and interaction between supplementation of tocopherol acetate and ascorbyl palmitate, in the diet of dourado larvae (Salminus brasiliensis), during itsinitial development. The experimental design was completely randomized in split plot, as follows: in the plot, a factorial arrangement (2x3) with six diets, constituted by the combination between two concentrations oftocopherol acetate (0 and 250 mg kg-1) and three concentrations of ascorbyl palmitate (0, 100 and 1,000 mg kg-1); and in the subplot, with two periods of sampling (5 and 15 days of feeding). In the larvae, determinations were performed for the concentrations of the ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid, total length,weight and height of the head. Ascorbyl palmitate provided an increase in the total length and in the weight of the larvae after 15 days of feeding. For head height, differences were observed among the three doses of tested ascorbyl palmitate. The supplementation of ascorbyl palmitate increased the vitamin C concentrations. Althoughvitamin E has not infl uenced the development sizes, it acted as a metabolic pro-oxidant, which increased thedehydroascorbic acid.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito e a interação entre a suplementação de palmitato de ascorbil e acetato de tocoferol, na alimentação de larvas de dourado (Salminus brasiliensis), durante o seudesenvolvimento inicial. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas: nas parcelas, em arranjo fatorial (2x3) com seis rações constituídas pela combinação de duas concentrações de acetato de tocoferol (0 e 250 mg kg-1) e três concentrações de palmitato de ascorbil (0, 100 e 1.000 mg kg-1); e, nas subparcelas, com dois períodos de coletas (5 e 15 dias de alimentação). Nas larvas, foram determinadas as concentrações do palmitato de ascorbil, ácido ascórbico e ácido deidroascórbico, comprimentototal, peso e altura da cabeça. O palmitato de ascorbil proporcionou aumento no comprimento total e no peso das larvas após 15 dias de alimentação. Foi observada, quanto à altura de cabeça, diferença entre as três dosagens de palmitato de ascorbil testadas. A suplementação de palmitato de ascorbil aumentou todas as concentraçõesde vitamina C, e apesar de a vitamina E não ter infl uenciado as medidas de desempenho, ela atuou como pró-oxidante metabólico o que aumentou o ácido deidroascórbico

Three red suns in the sky: A transiting, terrestrial planet in a triple M-dwarf system at 6.9 pc

We present the discovery from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data of LTT 1445Ab. At a distance of 6.9 pc, it is the second nearest transiting exoplanet system found to date, and the closest one known for which the primary is an M dwarf. The host stellar system consists of three mid-to-late M dwarfs in a hierarchical configuration, which are blended in one TESS pixel. We use MEarth data and results from the Science Processing Operations Center data validation report to determine that the planet transits the primary star in the system. The planet has a radius of ${1.38}_{-0.12}^{+0.13}$ ${R}_{\oplus }$, an orbital period of ${5.35882}_{-0.00031}^{+0.00030}$ days, and an equilibrium temperature of ${433}_{-27}^{+28}$ K. With radial velocities from the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher, we place a 3σ upper mass limit of 8.4 ${M}_{\oplus }$ on the planet. LTT 1445Ab provides one of the best opportunities to date for the spectroscopic study of the atmosphere of a terrestrial world. We also present a detailed characterization of the host stellar system. We use high-resolution spectroscopy and imaging to rule out the presence of any other close stellar or brown dwarf companions. Nineteen years of photometric monitoring of A and BC indicate a moderate amount of variability, in agreement with that observed in the TESS light-curve data. We derive a preliminary astrometric orbit for the BC pair that reveals an edge-on and eccentric configuration. The presence of a transiting planet in this system hints that the entire system may be co-planar, implying that the system may have formed from the early fragmentation of an individual protostellar core.Accepted manuscrip

K2-114b and K2-115b : two transiting warm Jupiters

A.C.C. acknowledges support from STFC consolidated grant number ST/M001296/1.We report the first results from a search for transiting warm Jupiter exoplanets—gas giant planets receiving stellar irradiation below about 108 erg−1 cm−2, equivalent to orbital periods beyond about 10 days around Sun-like stars. We have discovered two transiting warm Jupiter exoplanets initially identified as transiting candidates in K2 photometry. K2-114b has a mass of 1.85^(+0.23)_(-0.22) MJ, a radius of 0.942^(+0.032)_(-0.020) RJ, and an orbital period of 11.4 days. K2-115b has a mass of 0.84^(+0.18)_(-0.20) MJ, a radius of 1.115^(+0.057)_(-0.061) RJ, and an orbital period of 20.3 days. Both planets are among the longest-period transiting gas giant planets with a measured mass, and they are orbiting relatively old host stars. Both planets are not inflated, as their radii are consistent with theoretical expectations. Their position in the planet radius–stellar irradiation diagram is consistent with the scenario where the radius–irradiation correlation levels off below about 108 erg s−1 cm−2, suggesting that for warm Jupiters stellar irradiation does not play a significant role in determining the planet radius. We also report our identification of another K2 transiting warm Jupiter candidate, EPIC 212504617, as a false positive.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe