Stability of Granular Tunnel

We demonstrated the stability of tunnels made of granular matters is strongly dependent on the grain size, tunnel diameter, and water content in the granules. Larger tunnel radius, larger grain size, and too much water content tend to destabilize the tunnel. We also develop a model to describe such findings. We identified a phase diagram of stability which greatly controlled by granular bond order. For granular bond order of larger than unity, we can always made a stable tunnel. However, for granular bond order of less than unity, we obtain a general expression for maximum tunnel thickness that can be made. To best of our knowledge, this is the first exploration regarding the granular tunnel stability.Comment: 13 pages, 6 Figures, and 1 Tabl

COMMUNICATION STRATEGY OF THE GENERAL ELECTION COMMISSION TO INCREASE COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN USING THE RIGHT TO VOTE IN THE 2019 ELECTION IN NGANJUK DISTRICT

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to describe the Communication Strategy of the General Elections Commission (KPU), to analyze the factors that influence public participation and to identify the barriers to increasing public participation. The researcher used a qualitative research approach, with data collection procedures using observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used is the Miles and Huberman model data analysis technique which is carried out interactively and also takes place continuously including: data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing and verification. The results of this study are the strategies used by the Nganjuk KPU in increasing community participation by conducting face-to-face activities directly, carrying out activities that attract public attention, providing information through various media, using democratic volunteers to invite various segments of society. Factors that influence the increase in community participation are public awareness of elections, voter socialization and education, the role of election participants and finally the role of local governments and stakeholders. Then the obstacles to improving the community are administrative constraints, time, lack of human resources in the internet segment, election day elections, lack of coordination between KPU officers and KPPS

Pemanfaatan Sistem Pelayanan Publik dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Hubungan Masyarakat di Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Tuban

Artikel ini bertujuan agar mengetahui tingkat pemanfaatan pogram pelayanan publik, hal ini digunakan untuk meningkatan suatu kaulitas hubungan masyarakat dengan kementrian agama kabupaten Tuban.jurnal ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Karena di ketahui bahwa dewasa ini pelayann publik masih banyak yang blum berjalan dengan sebagaimana mestinya. Masih banyak Lembaga-lembaga publik yang belum melakukan pelayanan dengan maksimal masih banyak pelayanna-pelaynan yang kurang salah satu masalahnya ada di pelayana publik, entah itu pelayanan Kesehatan, pelayanan administratif dan lainnya. Pelayanan publik merupakan tujuan dari penyedaiaan barang dan jasa. Penyediaan barang dan jasa yang telah dilakukan untuk mencapai tujuan dan misi negara. Tujuan misi negara biasanya diatur dalam konstitusi atau peraturan perundangan lainnya. Contohnya pelayanan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan di Pendma. Adapun pelayanan publik adalah sebagai pemberian layanan (melayani) keperluan orang atau masyarakat yang memiliki kepentingan pada organisasi itu sesuai dengan aturan pokok dan tata cara yang telah ditetapkan.Dengan adanya jurnal ini diharapkan pelayanan Kantor Agama di Kabupaten Tuban, dapat meningkat dan berjalan sebagaimana mestinya

Analysis of ITO/a-Si:H(p)/a-Si:H(i)/c-Si(n)/Al HIT (Heterostructure with Intrinsic Thin Layer) solar cell performances.

Numerical simulation on HIT (Heterostructure with Intrinsic Thin Layer) solar cell using hetero-structure ITO/(p+)a-Si:H/(i)a-Si:H/(n)c-Si/Al solar cell has been done using AFORS-HET (Automate For Simulation of Heterostructure) software. The purpose of this study is to provide validation as well optimization model of solar cell enhanced performances. Data analysis shows a significant increase on solar power generation. An intrinsic thin layer given between the hetero-interface to reduce defect properties on solar cell structure. The optimization using an optimal value of acceptor-donor doping, dangling-bond defects ( ), thin conductive oxide work function ( ), and other input shows a reducing recombination-rates, as a validation Figure of Merits (FOMs) data reach a maximum efficiency value at 23,67% (  = 634,2 mV;  = 51,2 mA/cm2; = 72,91%, this result achieved on peak data such  = 5,2 eV, Na (doping) = 5.0 x 1019 cm-3,  = 1.0 x 1018 cm-3,  (interface defect) = 1.0 x 1010 cm-3. The results obtained from this simulation produce a number of optimum parameters that can be followed up experimentally to obtain better solar cell performances

PELATIHAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI SEL SURYA UNTUK PENGENTASAN MASALAH ELEKTRIFIKASI

ABSTRAKEnergi listrik merupakan kebutuhan dasar bagi masyarakat pada modern sekarang ini, dimana keberadaanya sangat mempengaruhi berbagai sendi kehidupan. Keterbasan dalam penyaluran energi listrik disebabkan oleh faktor geografis yang sulit dijangkau mempengaruhi peningkatan biaya investasi dalam pemasangan instalasi dan distribusi jaringan listrik. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi tingkat kebutuhan energi listrik dan memberikan sosialisasi serta penyuluhan kepada masyarakat mengenai Teknologi Tepat Guna (TTG) sel surya. Upaya yang dilakukan adalah dengan penerapan energi terbarukan melalui konversi sumber energi matahari menjadi energi listrik secara langsung yang merupakan solusi alternatif dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan energi listrik sehari-hari untuk daerah-daerah yang belum terjangkau jaringan listrik PLN. Metode yang digunakan untuk penerapan teknologi sel surya ini dilakukan melalui kegiatan pelatihan, penyuluhan dan pendampingan kepada masyarakat di sekitar Desa Muara Enggelam, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. Hasil dan kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat memperoleh wawasan dan kemampuan dalam mengoperasikan teknologi sel surya. Selain itu kegiatan ini juga menghasilkan prototipe Teknologi Tepat Guna (TTG) yang kompatibel, berdaya guna, dan mudah dioperasikan bagi pengguna listrik DC, AC dan gabungannya (DC+AC) untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan listrik sehari-hari. Penerapan jangka panjang dari prototipe TTG ini perlu dilakukan kajian, baik terkait kelayakan kinerja teknologi sel surya yang melibatkan banyak faktor maupun kajian kelayakan secara ekonomi terkait pembiayaan teknologi sel surya ini.           Kata kunci: : energi listrik; energi matahari; sel surya; prototipe TTG; kelayakan. ABSTRACTElectrical energy is a basic need for people in today's modern society, where its existence greatly affects various aspects of life. Limitations in the distribution of electrical energy caused by geographical factors that are difficult to reach affect the increase in investment costs in the installation and distribution of electricity networks. The purpose of this service is to identify the level of electrical energy needs and provide socialization and counseling to the community regarding appropriate technology (TTG) solar cells. The effort made is the application of renewable energy through the conversion of solar energy sources into electrical energy directly which is an alternative solution in meeting daily electrical energy needs for areas that have not been reached by the PLN electricity network. The method used for the application of solar cell technology is carried out through training, counseling and mentoring activities for the community around Muara Enggelam Village, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. The results and activities showed that the community gained insight and ability to operate solar cell technology. In addition, this activity also produced a prototype of Appropriate Technology (TTG) that is compatible, effective, and easy to operate for users of DC, AC and combined electricity (DC + AC) to fulfill their daily electricity needs. The long-term application of this TTG prototype needs to be studied, both related to the feasibility of solar cell technology performance involving many factors and economic feasibility studies related to the financing of this solar cell technology. Keywords: electrical energy; solar energy; solar cell; TTG prototype; feasibility

X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) Spectrum Interpretation for LiFePO4-Silicon Doped Cathode Material

LiFePO4-Silicon doped has been widely developed as a battery cathode material. Due to the doping of silicon atoms, this study aims to determine the peak energy (E0), oxidation state and percentage of component composition for Fe K-edge. The experimental sample used are LFP Si-0%, LFP Si-1%, LFP Si-3% and LFP Si-6%. These samples were characterized using XAS (X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy). XANES spectrum showed the peak energy of Pre-edge area is 7113.08 – 7114.49 eV. The oxidation state of Fe atoms were increased and tend to be Fe3+ than Fe2+. Moreover, Linear Combination Fitting (LCF) used to determine the ratio composition FeO/Fe2O3 in experimental samples. The ratio composition indicated Fe atom is multivalent, when the percentage of silicon-doped increases, the ratio of Fe3+ increased.It has been found that the presence of silicon atoms in the LiFePO4 structure has an effect in electronic structure

Makna Jilbab bagi Mahasiswi Islam di Universitas Udayana

Sejauh ini Bali dikenal sebagai daerah dengan penganut mayoritas agama Hindu di Indonesia, namun faktanya di Universitas Udayana juga terdapat mahasiswi muslimah. Artikel ini mengkaji latar belakang mahasiswi muslimah di universitas tersebut yang memaknai jilbab, apakah karena budaya, agama, atau dorongan lain. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif-naratif untuk menggambarkan pendapat, tanggapan, dan latar belakang mahasiswi muslim di Universitas Udayana dalam memaknaai jilbab dan pendapat mereka terhadap fenomena jilbab fashion dewasa ini. Dalam pengumpulan data, peneliti menggunakan teknik observasi dan wawancara untuk memperoleh data yang lebih mendalam. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa mahasiswi muslim memaknai jilbab sebagai pelindung dan penjaga diri. Ada pula yang memaknainya sebagai pengingat, namun ada pula yang memaknainya untuk mempercantik diri mereka. Apa pun alasannya, jilbab menunjukkan identitas dan kewajiban mereka menutup aurat sebagai seorang muslimah. Kata kunci: Jilbab, Fashion, Mahasiswi Muslim, Universitas Udayan

Edukasi Pola Makan Ibu Hamil Untuk Mencegah Hipertensi Dalam Kehamilan Di Rw 06 Desa Sirnagalih

WHO (World Health Organization) data show that AKI in developing countries is about 20 percent related to gestational hypertension due to lack of rest patterns and a good diet. Hypertension in pregnancy becomes the second category of causes of maternal death. The purpose of the devotion is to increase the knowledge of pregnant women about a healthy diet to prevent hypertension in pregnancy. The lecture method was used in this service by means of delivering material directly to pregnant women in RW 06 Sirnagalih Village, sampling with saturated sampling of 25 respondents. The results obtained a T value of -9,798.and p value = 0.000 (α < 0.05), which means that there is an educational influence of the pregnant woman's diet to prevent hypertension. Results obtained from the pretest and post test that there was an increase in participants' understanding of the pre test score of 1.08 and the post test score of 1.88. The conclusion is that it can improve the knowledge of pregnant women about diet to prevent hypetence in pregnancy in RW 06 Sirnagalih Village

Effectiveness application of fertilizer on maize: The case study of maize farmers in West Pasaman Regency

West Pasaman is one of the regencies in West Sumatera which is the center of maize. The aimed was to determine the income and habits of maize farmers using fertilizers, as well as the role of fertilizers and soil amendments in increasing the growth of maize crops. This research was carried out in 2 experimental stages, the first stage was farmer interviews and the second stage was a trial of fertilizer types in the field carried out in a factorial form, on various types of macro and micro fertilizers for Pioneer 32’s maize, including; Rock Phosphate (RP) (28% P2O5); Urea (46% N), Zeolite as a soil amendment and micro-fertilizers are derived from Unitas Super's Liquid Fertilizer. The comparison treatment plots, namely; 300 kg ha-1 NITROPHOSKA and 200 kg ha-1 Zeolite + 300 kg ha-1 NITROPHOSKA. The results of this comparison treatment were presented in a bar chart. The data were statistically analyzed using the F test with a significance level of 5% and further tested using an LSD level of 5%. The concluded that 50% of farmers already have incomes exceeding the Regional Minimum Wage. There were about 39% of them applied fertilizers of 300 to 450 kg ha-1, 87.5% applied a combination of Urea+ PHOSKA, 12.5% PHOSKA only, and 12.5% of farmers added SP36, for cultivation in maize. As a result of field experiments, it was determined that the most appropriate application was 50 kg ha-1 urea + 50 kg ha-1 Zeolite + 200 kg ha-1 RP fertilizer and 100 ml L-1 liquid fertilizer