La colección de lirios (Iris L. Iridaceae) de la Estación Biológica de Torretes – Jardín Botánico de la Universidad de Alicante: Iridario “Christine Lomer”

Los lirios son una de las flores simbólicas más apreciadas desde la historia antigua y así aparecen ligados irreversiblemente a la cultura occidental. Dentro del género Iris s.l. los llamados Bulbosos y Barbados, son los que han sufrido mayor cultivo y selección desde principios del s. XVI hasta nuestros días y son estos últimos los que conforman mayoritariamente la colección de la Estación Biológica de Torretes – Jardín Botánico de la Universidad de Alicante. Probablemente fueron Clusio y Jonh Gerard los auténticos pioneros en el cultivo de Iris y desde el s. XVI hasta finales del s. XVIII la domesticación se basó en la variabilidad intrínseca e hibridaciones de las especies del Mediterréneo oriental Iris pallida e I. variegata, con participación de I. germanica e I. florentina. Asi surgieron los primeros cultivares que incrementaron su variabilidad, gama de colores, tamaño y rigidez de los tépalos, tacto aterciopelado, aromas, etc. con la introducción de especies tetraploides asiáticas. Todo ello multiplicó las obtenciones exponencialmente hasta más de 70.000 registros varietales de la actualidad. En Torretes surge la idea de establecer una colección monográfica de Iris en 2016, tras recibir en donación por parte de Christine Lomer y Nick Brown una réplica del llamado “Jardín de los Lirios” que ellos regentaban en Jalón (Alicante). A están donación inicial hubo que sumarle posteriormente varios cientos de cultivares procedentes de “Iris de Laymont” ofrecidos por Roland Deyoux, presidente de la Societé de Iris et plantes bulboses de Francia. A esto sumamos especies obtenidas por intercambio entre jardines botánicos, que son el origen del llamado Iridario Christine Lomer de Torretes en honor a nuestra primera donante y que mantenemos para disfrute de nuestros visitantes.Irises have been one of the most appreciated symbolic flowers since ancient history and appear irreversibly linked to Western culture. Within the genus Iris s.l., the so-called Bulbous and Beardeds, are the ones that have undergone the greatest cultivation and selection from the beginning of the 16th century to the present day. The latter are the ones that make up the majority of the collection of the Biological Research Station of Torretes – Botanical Garden of the University of Alicante. Probably Clusio and John Gerard were the real pioneers in the cultivation of Iris. From the 16th century until the end of the 18th century, domestication was based on the intrinsic variability and hybridisations of the eastern Mediterranean species such as Iris pallida and I. variegata, with the participation of I. germanica and I. florentina. This is how the first cultivars emerged, which increased their variability, range of colors, size and rigidity of the tepals, velvety touch, aromas, etc. with the introduction of Asian tetraploid species. All this multiplied the number of varieties exponentially to more than 70,000 varietal registers today. It was at Torretes that the idea of establishing a monographic collection of Irises arose in 2016, after receiving a donation from Christine Lomer and Nick Brown of a replica of the so-called “Jardín de los Lirios” that they ran in Jalón (Alicante). To this initial donation had to be added several hundred cultivars from “Iris of Laymont” offered by Roland Deyoux, president of the Société de Iris et plantes bulboses de France. To this we add species obtained by exchange between botanical gardens, which are the origin of the so-called “Iridario Christine Lomer” of Torretes in honour of our first donor, which we maintain for the enjoyment of our visitors

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis.

The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327  There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in th

Contemporary use of cefazolin for MSSA infective endocarditis: analysis of a national prospective cohort

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the real use of cefazolin for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infective endocarditis (IE) in the Spanish National Endocarditis Database (GAMES) and to compare it with antistaphylococcal penicillin (ASP). Methods: Prospective cohort study with retrospective analysis of a cohort of MSSA IE treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Outcomes assessed were relapse; intra-hospital, overall, and endocarditis-related mortality; and adverse events. Risk of renal toxicity with each treatment was evaluated separately. Results: We included 631 IE episodes caused by MSSA treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Antibiotic treatment was cloxacillin, cefazolin, or both in 537 (85%), 57 (9%), and 37 (6%) episodes, respectively. Patients treated with cefazolin had significantly higher rates of comorbidities (median Charlson Index 7, P <0.01) and previous renal failure (57.9%, P <0.01). Patients treated with cloxacillin presented higher rates of septic shock (25%, P = 0.033) and new-onset or worsening renal failure (47.3%, P = 0.024) with significantly higher rates of in-hospital mortality (38.5%, P = 0.017). One-year IE-related mortality and rate of relapses were similar between treatment groups. None of the treatments were identified as risk or protective factors. Conclusion: Our results suggest that cefazolin is a valuable option for the treatment of MSSA IE, without differences in 1-year mortality or relapses compared with cloxacillin, and might be considered equally effective

Strategies and performance of the CMS silicon tracker alignment during LHC Run 2

The strategies for and the performance of the CMS silicon tracking system alignment during the 2015–2018 data-taking period of the LHC are described. The alignment procedures during and after data taking are explained. Alignment scenarios are also derived for use in the simulation of the detector response. Systematic effects, related to intrinsic symmetries of the alignment task or to external constraints, are discussed and illustrated for different scenarios

Strategies and performance of the CMS silicon tracker alignment during LHC Run 2

The strategies for and the performance of the CMS silicon tracking system alignment during the 2015–2018 data-taking period of the LHC are described. The alignment procedures during and after data taking are explained. Alignment scenarios are also derived for use in the simulation of the detector response. Systematic effects, related to intrinsic symmetries of the alignment task or to external constraints, are discussed and illustrated for different scenarios