Thermodynamics of rotating quantum matter in the virial expansion

We characterize the high-temperature thermodynamics of rotating bosons and fermions in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) isotropic harmonic trapping potentials. We begin by calculating analytically the conventional virial coefficients bn for all n in the noninteracting case, as functions of the trapping and rotational frequencies. We also report on the virial coefficients for the angular momentum and associated moment of inertia. Using the bn coefficients, we analyze the deconfined limit (in which the angular frequency matches the trapping frequency) and derive explicitly the limiting form of the partition function, showing from the thermodynamic standpoint how both the 2D and 3D cases become effectively homogeneous 2D systems. To tackle the virial coefficients in the presence of weak interactions, we implement a coarse temporal lattice approximation and obtain virial coefficients up to third order

Third- And fourth-order virial coefficients of harmonically trapped fermions in a semiclassical approximation

Using a leading-order semiclassical approximation, we calculate the third- A nd fourth-order virial coefficients of nonrelativistic spin-1/2 fermions in a harmonic trapping potential in arbitrary spatial dimensions, and as functions of temperature, trapping frequency, and coupling strength. Our simple, analytic results for the interaction-induced changes Δb3 and Δb4 agree qualitatively, and in some regimes quantitatively, with previous numerical calculations for the unitary limit of three-dimensional Fermi gases

Toward an Automated-Algebra Framework for High Orders in the Virial Expansion of Quantum Matter

The virial expansion provides a non-perturbative view into the thermodynamics of quantum many-body systems in dilute regimes. While powerful, the expansion is challenging as calculating its coefficients at each order n requires analyzing (if not solving) the quantum n-body problem. In this work, we present a comprehensive review of automated algebra methods, which we developed to calculate high-order virial coefficients. The methods are computational but non-stochastic, thus avoiding statistical effects; they are also for the most part analytic, not numerical, and amenable to massively parallel computer architectures. We show formalism and results for coefficients characterizing the thermodynamics (pressure, density, energy, static susceptibilities) of homogeneous and harmonically trapped systems and explain how to generalize them to other observables such as the momentum distribution, Tan contact, and the structure factor

Fourth- And fifth-order virial expansion of harmonically trapped fermions at unitarity

By generalizing our automated algebra approach from homogeneous space to harmonically trapped systems, we have calculated the fourth- and fifth-order virial coefficients of universal spin- fermions in the unitary limit, confined in an isotropic harmonic potential. We present results for said coefficients as a function of trapping frequency (or, equivalently, temperature), which compare favorably with previous Monte Carlo calculations (available only at fourth order) as well as with our previous estimates in the untrapped limit (high temperature, low frequency). In addition to the conventional coefficients, we provide estimates for the contributions from subspaces with varying polarization. We use our results for the virial coefficients, together with resummation techniques, to calculate the compressibility and spin susceptibility

Virial coefficients of trapped and untrapped three-component fermions with three-body forces in arbitrary spatial dimensions

Using a coarse temporal lattice approximation, we calculate the first few terms of the virial expansion of a three-species fermion system with a three-body contact interaction in d spatial dimensions, both in homogeneous space and in a harmonic trapping potential of frequency ?. Using the three-body problem to renormalize, we report analytic results for the change in the fourth- and fifth-order virial coefficients ?b4 and ?b5 as functions of ?b3. Additionally, we argue that in the 0 limit the relationship bnT=n-d/2bn holds between the trapped (T) and the homogeneous coefficients for arbitrary temperature and coupling strength (not merely in scale-invariant regimes). Finally, we point out an exact, universal (coupling- and frequency-independent) relationship between ?b3T in one dimension with three-body forces and ?b2T in two dimensions with two-body forces

Intersex, infertility and the future: early diagnoses and the imagined life course

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via the DOI in this recordInfertility is often recognised as a status that is medically identified in adulthood after unsuccessful attempts to conceive. This paper develops existing literature by illustrating how current conceptualisations of infertility do not incorporate a full range of experiences. Drawing on detailed, reflective diaries and in-depth interviews with five participants, I explore how infertility is experienced and understood by women with variations of sex characteristics (VSCs) or intersex traits. I argue that greater consideration needs to be applied to intersex people and the circumstances of an infertility status that may be received in infancy, childhood or adolescence, before or outside of attempts to conceive, and without undergoing fertility treatment. Through discussions of time and futurity, this paper seeks to explore how visions of the future coalesce with an infertile status that is received in combination with an atypical sex status early in life. The paper indicates that early infertility can hinder some intersex children and young people’s ambitions. However, infertility is not understood to be pathological or consistently prohibitive throughout the lives of everyone affected. Intersex women's conceptions of a potentially childless future are varied, complex, ambivalent, and in some cases transitional throughout the life courseEconomic and Social Research Council (ESRC

Loss-of-function ABCC8 mutations in pulmonary arterial hypertension

Background: In pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), pathological changes in pulmonary arterioles progressively raise pulmonary artery pressure and increase pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to right heart failure and high mortality rates. Recently, the first potassium channelopathy in PAH, because of mutations in KCNK3, was identified as a genetic cause and pharmacological target. Methods: Exome sequencing was performed to identify novel genes in a cohort of 99 pediatric and 134 adult-onset group I PAH patients. Novel rare variants in the gene identified were independently identified in a cohort of 680 adult-onset patients. Variants were expressed in COS cells and function assessed by patch-clamp and rubidium flux analysis. Results: We identified a de novo novel heterozygous predicted deleterious missense variant c.G2873A (p.R958H) in ABCC8 in a child with idiopathic PAH. We then evaluated all individuals in the original and a second cohort for rare or novel variants in ABCC8 and identified 11 additional heterozygous predicted damaging ABCC8 variants. ABCC8 encodes SUR1 (sulfonylurea receptor 1)—a regulatory subunit of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel. We observed loss of ATP-sensitive potassium channel function for all ABCC8 variants evaluated and pharmacological rescue of all channel currents in vitro by the SUR1 activator, diazoxide. Conclusions: Novel and rare missense variants in ABCC8 are associated with PAH. Identified ABCC8 mutations decreased ATP-sensitive potassium channel function, which was pharmacologically recovered