« Comment peut-on être français ? »

Mettre en scène la figure fictionnelle – généralement stéréotypée – de l’étranger permet à un écrivain de manier l’ironie pour exprimer sa distanciation par rapport aux autochtones. Prenant comme point de départ la manière dont procédait Montesquieu dans ses Lettres persanes (1721), nous étudierons le stratagème narratif parallèle utilisé par P. Daninos à l’époque contemporaine dans la série de ses cinq livres qui ont pour protagoniste le Major Thompson (de 1954 à 2000). Nous évoquerons aussi le type particulier de réécriture proposée par C. Djavann dans Comment peut-on être français ? (2006). Nous verrons que, au moyen de la soi-disant naïveté des commentaires spontanés d’étrangers découvrant la France, les auteurs peuvent mettre en place une polyphonie vecteur d’une ironie souriante ou grinçante. Or le caractère à la fois paradoxal et réversible de l’énonciation ironique donne lieu à un jeu complexe de distanciations vis-à-vis des points de vue de l’étranger et du Français.Creating a fictional foreign character (usually highly stereotyped) allows an author to use irony to demonstrate how he is detached from a country’s natives. Using the way in which Montesquieu goes about writing ‘Lettres Persanes’ (1721) as a starting point, we will look at the parallel narrative strategies used by P. Daninos during the contemporary movement in his five-book series, whose protagonist is Major Thompson (1954-2000). We will equally spend time focussing on the particular kind of redraft proposed by C. Djavann in ‘Comment peut-on être français?’ (2006). We will observe how the so-called naïveté, brought to light via the spontaneous comments made by foreigners who are discovering France, allows authors to put in place a polyphony which transmits light-hearted or grating irony. Yet the character, who is both paradoxical and changeable to the ironic enunciation, gives rise to a complex game of detachment with regard to the opinions of the foreigner and of the French native

Un mariage fascinant d’histoire et de fiction : Charlotte de Saxe-Cobourg-Gotha et Maximilien de Habsbourg

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Les influences du film noir américain sur les bandes dessinées pseudo-préhistoriques de Philippe Foerster

Les albums de la série Silex Files du Belge Philippe Foerster – Chaînons manquants (2002), Le Silence des fossiles (2003) et Psycho-Sapiens (2004) – constituent un exemple original de transmédialité. Car ils conjuguent la veine bien connue de la bande dessinée et du film d’animation héritière des Flintstones, relative à une vision intentionnellement anachronique de la préhistoire, avec la tradition de la littérature policière et du film noir nord-américains. Notre contribution vise, dès lors, à analyser dans le langage verbal et graphique de cette trilogie l’intégration des différents traits caractéristiques du genre du film noir américain, aux niveaux structurel, thématique et esthétique. Pour ce faire, nous relèverons les diverses références intertextuelles et cinématographiques qui parsèment les aventures du détective protagoniste Rex Raw, entre hommage et parodie, grâce à l’humour particulier du dessinateur et scénariste francophone

Evolution of surgical treatment of carotid artery stenosis : a single center observational study

Background: In 2009 and 2011 respectively ESVS and AHA/ASA guidelines recommended to operate patients with a symptomatic carotid artery stenosis within 14 days. This study aimed primarily to determine if an academic hospital has implemented these international guidelines about indication and timing of surgical treatment of carotid stenosis. Second, the influence of referral from another hospital on time from symptoms to surgery and the influence of time between neurological event and surgery on 30-day complication rate was studied. Third, the number of asymptomatic carotid artery lesions treated surgically was also evaluated in both periods. Methods: Retrospective study to compare patients with significant atherosclerotic carotid stenosis who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS) in 2005-2006 versus patients treated in 2014-2016. Demographic data, treatment characteristics, interval between symptom and surgery and 30-day outcomes were collected. Results: In 2005-2006 38.1% (59/155) of the patients were treated for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis, in 2014-2016 this increased to 66.5% (121/182) (p < .001, 95% CI: 0.179-0.383). Median time from neurological symptom to surgery in symptomatic patients decreased from 30 to 13 d (p <.001, 95% CI: 1.476-2.763). Early surgery did not increase the 30-day postoperative complications (p = .19, 95% CI: 0.987-1.003). Referral from another hospital almost doubled the time interval between symptoms and surgery in 2014-2016 (p <.001, 95% CI: 1.386-2.827). Conclusions: Since the publication of the international guidelines, patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were preferably surgically treated within 2 weeks at an academic institution. The number of treated asymptomatic carotid stenoses was drastically reduced

Metodología para el trabajo con géneros discursivos académicos

Este libro está destinado en primer lugar, a profesores, para que puedan aplicar las guías expuestas o elaborar otras similares con el mismo propósito; también a investigadores, en virtud de la «doble naturaleza» del discurso académico, por cuanto concierne a textos que responden a una situación comunicativa específica cuyos rasgos son, precisamente, el reflejo de los recursos expresivos que se pretenden enseñar mediante la práctica universitaria (Jiménez Calderón, 2015); y por último, a los estudiantes universitarios, que encontrarán en las guías expuestas una orientación muy específica para la elaboración de los géneros discursivos académicos a los que se refieren. INDICE: • Introducción: metodología para el trabajo con géneros discursivos académicos • Guía para la elaboración de abstracts • Guía para desenmarañar el comentario de textos lingüísticos • Pautas para el uso del aprendizaje colaborativo en una asignatura de lingüística • El comentario filológico de textos históricos • Elaboración de trabajos monográficos de primer curso • Guía para la elaboración de reseñas • Guía ortotipográfica para la presentación de trabajos de géneros académicos redactados en lengua francesa • Guía para la elaboración de trabajos académicos en el ámbito de la filología clásica • Guía para la elaboración de comentarios de textos poéticos en el área de literatura española • Guía para la elaboración de comentarios de textos narrativos en el área de literatura española • Guía para la elaboración de comentarios de textos literarios (dramática) • Guía para la elaboración de comentarios de textos literarios (ensayística) • El delicado asunto de las exposiciones orales… consejos de un neófito en la materia a un aprendiz de orador • Guía para la elaboración de comentarios de obras de historia del arte • Guía para la elaboración de trabajos monográficos en el área de historia del arte (nivel de grado) • Guía para la elaboración de trabajos prácticos en la fase inicial del grado en geografía y ordenación del territorio: «técnicas geográficas para el análisis territorial»This book is primarily intended for teachers, so that they can apply the guidelines or develop similar ones for the same purpose; Also to researchers, by virtue of the "double nature" of academic discourse, insofar as it concerns texts that respond to a specific communicative situation whose features are precisely the reflection of the expressive resources that are intended to be taught through university practice (Jiménez Calderón, 2015); And finally, to the university students, who will find in the guides exposed a very specific orientation for the elaboration of the academic discursive genres to which they refer

Measurement of differential cross sections for top quark pair production using the lepton plus jets final state in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

National Science Foundation (U.S.

Particle-flow reconstruction and global event description with the CMS detector

The CMS apparatus was identified, a few years before the start of the LHC operation at CERN, to feature properties well suited to particle-flow (PF) reconstruction: a highly-segmented tracker, a fine-grained electromagnetic calorimeter, a hermetic hadron calorimeter, a strong magnetic field, and an excellent muon spectrometer. A fully-fledged PF reconstruction algorithm tuned to the CMS detector was therefore developed and has been consistently used in physics analyses for the first time at a hadron collider. For each collision, the comprehensive list of final-state particles identified and reconstructed by the algorithm provides a global event description that leads to unprecedented CMS performance for jet and hadronic tau decay reconstruction, missing transverse momentum determination, and electron and muon identification. This approach also allows particles from pileup interactions to be identified and enables efficient pileup mitigation methods. The data collected by CMS at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV show excellent agreement with the simulation and confirm the superior PF performance at least up to an average of 20 pileup interactions

Identification of heavy-flavour jets with the CMS detector in pp collisions at 13 TeV

Many measurements and searches for physics beyond the standard model at the LHC rely on the efficient identification of heavy-flavour jets, i.e. jets originating from bottom or charm quarks. In this paper, the discriminating variables and the algorithms used for heavy-flavour jet identification during the first years of operation of the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, are presented. Heavy-flavour jet identification algorithms have been improved compared to those used previously at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. For jets with transverse momenta in the range expected in simulated $\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}$ events, these new developments result in an efficiency of 68% for the correct identification of a b jet for a probability of 1% of misidentifying a light-flavour jet. The improvement in relative efficiency at this misidentification probability is about 15%, compared to previous CMS algorithms. In addition, for the first time algorithms have been developed to identify jets containing two b hadrons in Lorentz-boosted event topologies, as well as to tag c jets. The large data sample recorded in 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV has also allowed the development of new methods to measure the efficiency and misidentification probability of heavy-flavour jet identification algorithms. The heavy-flavour jet identification efficiency is measured with a precision of a few per cent at moderate jet transverse momenta (between 30 and 300 GeV) and about 5% at the highest jet transverse momenta (between 500 and 1000 GeV)

Search for heavy resonances decaying to a top quark and a bottom quark in the lepton+jets final state in proton–proton collisions at 13 TeV

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Evidence for the Higgs boson decay to a bottom quark–antiquark pair

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe