Air recovery assessment on high-pressure pneumatic systems

A computational simulation and experimental work of the fluid flow through the pneumatic circuit used in a stretch blow moulding machine is presented in this paper. The computer code is built around a zero-dimensional thermodynamic model for the air blowing and recycling containers together with a non-linear time-variant deterministic model for the pneumatic three stations single acting valve manifold, which, in turn, is linked to a quasi-one-dimensional unsteady flow model for the interconnecting pipes. The flow through the pipes accounts for viscous friction, heat transfer, cross-sectional area variation, and entropy variation. Two different solving methods are applied: the method of characteristics and the Harten-Lax-Van Leer (HLL) Riemann first-order scheme. The numerical model allows prediction of the air blowing process and, more significantly, permits determination of the recycling rate at each operating cycle. A simplified experimental set-up of the industrial process was designed, and the pressure and temperature were adequately monitored. Predictions of the blowing process for various configurations proved to be in good agreement with the measured results. In addition, a novel design of a valve manifold intended for the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic bottle manufacturing industry is also presented.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Spectral Fuzzy Classification: A Supervised Approach.

The goal of this paper is to present an algorithm for pattern recognition,leveraging on an existing fuzzy clustering algorithm developed by Del Amo et al. [3, 5], and modifying it to its supervised version, in order to apply the algorithm to different pattern recognition applications in Remote Sensing.The main goal is to recognize the object and stop the search depending on the precision of the application. The referred algorithm was the core of a classification system based on Fuzzy Sets Theory (see [14]), approaching remotely sensed classification problems as multicriteria decision making problems, solved by means of an outranking methodology (see [12] and also [11]). The referred algorithm was a unsupervised classification algorithm, but now in this paper will present a modification of the original algorithm into a supervised version

Elaboración de un análogo a chanquete

Referencia OEPM: P200202221.-- Fecha de solicitud: 01/10/2002.-- Titular: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).Se trata de elaborar un producto semejante al chanquete, en sus propiedades sensoriales de textura, forma, color y sabor. Su elaboración se realizará a partir de diversas fuentes de origen pesquero, es decir músculo de pescado, u otras especies acuículas, sometido o no a procesos de picado y/o lavado. La fabricación puede realizarse por varias vías que comprenden picado y/o homogeneización y reestructuración mediante extrusión o moldeo. A esta masa se le adicionarán diversos componentes dependiendo de su función: estabilizante, ligante, texturizante, etc. y son sales, hidrocoloides, proteínas, aminoácidos y azucares. El que intervengan todos o solo algunos de estos ingredientes varía en función de las condiciones y características del producto de partida, así como del tratamiento físico al que se vea sometido. Además el producto se contemplará preparado de varias maneras: fresco, congelado, pasteurizado esterilizado, pudiendo estar además envuelto en una cobertura y prefrito.Peer reviewe

Combined treatment of exudative age related macular degeneration with photodynamic therapy and intravitreal triamcinolone

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age related macular degeneration is among the leading causes of legal blindness in developed countries. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin induces CNV closure causing little damage to healthy tissue, but the need to re-treat may lead to low final visual acuity at an unacceptable cost. The association of intravitreous triamcinolone or antiangiogenic drugs with PDT has been used in order to reduce these limitations of the therapy. The combination of PDT and intravitreous triamcinolone, its complications and outcome at one and two-year follow-up are discussed

Mejoras introducidas en la patente de invención 8901508 por: "Procedimiento de fabricación de un producto análogo a la angula y producto así obtenido"

Adición a la patente de invención "Procedimiento de fabricación de un producto análogo a la angula y producto así obtenido", http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/6552.Referencia OEPM: P9201027.-- Fecha de solicitud: 20/05/1992.-- Titular: Angulas Aguinaga, S.A.Peer reviewe

Neuropathic pain associated with mucocele in the maxillary sinus

Mucocele in the paranasal sinuses consists of a clinically unpainful, pseudocystic lesion that may be confused with cysts with mucosal accumulation due to an obstruction of a seromucinous gland or with other lesions displaying expansive masses in the maxillary sinuses. Histologically, mucocele consists of an accumulation of seromucosal secretion lined by epithelium. It is an infrequent pathology, whose treatment has evolved favourably to a considerable extent over the past decades. Here we report a case of mucocele located in a paranasal sinus associated with a syndrome of odontalgic neuritic pain. After the collection of complementary radiological evidence, antrostomic surgical treatment was implemented on the lateral-external wall of the maxillary sinus with a view to fully removing the cystic capsule, after which a histopathological study of the sample was performed. The lesion and the neuropathic pain disappeared following removal of the cystic mass, and after 21 months of follow-up the patient has remained free of relapse. Conclusions: lateral antrostomy for the removal of mucocele in the maxillary sinus can alleviate the neuropathic pain possibly associated with the pathology

Scaling and universality of critical fluctuations in granular gases

The global energy fluctuations of a low density gas granular gas in the homogeneous cooling state near its clustering instability are studied by means of molecular dynamics simulations. The relative dispersion of the fluctuations is shown to exhibit a power-law divergent behavior. Moreover, the probability distribution of the fluctuations presents data collapse as the system approaches the instability, for different values of the inelasticity. The function describing the collapse turns out to be the same as the one found in several molecular equilibrium and non-equilibrium systems, except for the change in the sign of the fluctuations

Ultrashort pulsed laser conditioning of human enamel: in vitro study of the influence of geometrical processing parameters on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets

[Abstract] The surfaces of 63 extracted premolar teeth were processed with intense ultrashort laser pulses (λ = 795 nm; pulse duration, 120 fs; repetition rate, 1 kHz) to produce cross patterns with different pitches (s) in the micrometer range in order to evaluate the influence of such microstructures on the shear bond strengths of orthodontic brackets to enamel. The samples were classified in nine groups corresponding to the control group (raw samples) and eight different laser-processed groups (cross patterns with s increasing from 15 to 180 μm). Brackets were luted with TransbondTM XT adhesive resin to all the samples; after 72 h, they all were submitted to strength test in a universal testing machine. Additionally, a third of the samples underwent morphological analysis of the debonded surface by means of scanning electron microscope microscopy and an analysis of the failure mode based on the adhesive remnant index. The results showed that enamel microstructuring with ultrashort laser pulses remarkably increase the bond strength of brackets. Dense cross patterns (s  90 μm) give rise to smaller improvements of the bond strength. A strong correlation of this behavior with the predominant failure mode in both scenarios was found. So far, the best compromise between suitable adhesive efficiency, processing time minimization, and enamel surface preservation suggests the performance of cross patterns with pitches in the order of 90 μm.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; CSD2007-00013Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; FIS2009-0952Castilla y León. Junta; SA086A12-