A Psychiatrist Caught in a Civil War: Rodríguez Lafora's Work in Valencia, Capital of The Republic (1936-1938)

A little-known period in the life of Gonzalo Rodríguez Lafora consists of the time he spent in Valencia during the Spanish Civil War from 1936 until 1938. During the war, Valencia became the capital of the Republic, and many scientists and intellectuals found refuge there and could continue their work. Along with other evacuated intellectuals, Lafora participated in numerous scientific and academic activities organized by the Valencian House of Culture, where he had a dispute with Antonio Machado and other intellectuals due to its closing. We especially highlight his work as a psychiatrist in the Military War Hospital in Godella, where, under his direction, a neurological section was created, and where he would coincide with the psychiatrist José Sacristan and the neurologist Justo Gonzalo. The existing archived documentation about the hospital is scant, but thanks to publications from that time, especially the journals Madrid and Sanidad de Guerra, we were able to recover his work, which shows his interest in war psychiatry, especially war neuroses. His publications also reveal his concern about the future of psychiatry and university education in Spain. These academic interests and his relationship with the government of the Republic ¿collaborative, but disagreeing about some aspects¿ along with concern about his own personal future, would define his war experiences

The first milestones in psychoeducational intervention in Spain: the Medical and Educational Psychology Laboratory of the National Patronage for the Handicapped

Therapeutic psycho-educational intervention marks the start of an important aspect of the psychotechnical work in Spain and places particular emphasis on attention to children. This attention has fostered the creation of institutions such as the National Council for Deaf-Mutes, the Blind, and Mentally Handicapped people, proposed as a model for the joint work of professionals in the medical, educational, and psychological fields. This paper addresses the historical trajectory of the first years of the Council, focusing on its objectives and ideology and, more specifically, on the creation, in 1914, of the Medical and Educational Psychology Laboratory and the work carried out there by authors closely involved in pedagogy and child psychiatry, such as Rodríguez Lafora. This laboratory, in spite of its 'short history', stood out for its use of evaluation methods such as the biographical, medical and psychological record book, which allowed the diagnosis, subsequent treatment, and protection of the children in this institution and was the precedent for the current multidisciplinary evaluation in this field. Based on these aims, several publications and regulations have been analyzed from that time, showing the difficulties involved in performing this work, conditioned by the political momentum of the time and controversies related to special education. All these aspects allow us to confirm that this National Council for the Handicapped marked an important milestone in the practice of educational psychology in Spain

The History of psychology course in Spanish psychology curricula: Past, present, future

Since the university education of psychologists began in Spain in 1954, the history of psychology course has been included in the curriculum. In the first few years, only half of the curricula offered the course. From 1973 to 2007, the universities' organization and regulation underwent successive reforms that involved changes in the curricula, decreeing specific national guidelines for each degree and establishing a minimum set of common required courses, called core courses, including the history of psychology. In 2007, the European Higher Education Area was set up, transforming the 5-year bachelor's degrees into 4-year degrees and eliminating the required guidelines, with each university being able to define the content of their curricula. The Dean's Conference for Psychology agreed on some recommendations related to core courses, which continued to include the history of psychology and were adopted by the majority of the universities. In 2015, the government established a new national regulation that makes it possible for each university to voluntarily reduce the length of the bachelor's degree to 3 years. Some psychology historians believe that this hypothetical reduction in the length of the degree, along with the already existing general tendency to prioritize applied or practical courses over basic or fundamental ones, could produce an appropriate scenario for the disappearance of the history of psychology course in some universitie

Estudio y Análisis de la accidentalidad del grupo de ancianos en tráfico: Factores y variables relevantes

Fundamentos: En este trabajo se pretende realizar un análisis epidemiológico sobre la accidentalidad por trá- fico del grupo de ancianos en los últimos años en Espa- ña. Con este propósito se presenta una caracterización detallada de la accidentalidad de este grupo como conductores y peatones, así como una aproximación a las variables que están a la base de esta accidentalidad. Métodos: Para ello se han utilizado datos de los anuarios estadísticos de la Dirección General de Tráfico y datos de población del Instituto Nacional de Estadística para los últimos años. Resultados: Entre los principales resultados de nuestro estudio cabe destacar el incremento en la accidentalidad de los ancianos especialmente en zonas urbanas, donde destaca como imprudencia más notable el no uso del paso de peatones. Como conductores destacar también los altos índices de lesividad y siniestralidad que obtienen los conductores ancianos. Conclusiones: Esta alta accidentalidad puede ser explicada por la influencia de determinadas variables psicofisiológicas, médicas y ambientales que caracterizan a los ancianos como un importante grupo de riesgo en tráfico

Exploración de la ansiedad en conductores noveles y profesionales

Este trabajo pone de manifiesto la importan-cia que tiene el estudio de los procesos emocionales y cognitivos-motivacionales en la actividad de conducir. Para ello se describen las muestras de conductores profesionales y noveles empleados en el trabajo y se realiza un análisis de las características de los mismos, así como un análisis factorial con las puntuaciones obtenidas en los items del cuestionario I.S.A.T. (Bañuls, 1993) para ambas muestras de conductores. Se obtienen unos resultados muy interesantes que muestran cómo se agrupan, de forma relativamente independiente los items del autoinforme en torno a cuatro factores generales, siendo estos distintos para cada una de las muestras de conductores, según su distinto peso factorial.This work puts of manifest the importance that has the study of the emotional processes and cognitive-motivacional in the activity of driving. For this are described the professional and novice drivers sample personnel in the work and is accomplished an analysis of the characteristics of the same, as well as a factorial analysis with the punctuations obtained in the items from the questionnaire I.S.A.T. (Bañuls, 1993) for both drivers samples. They are obtained some very interesting results that show how are grouped, in a way relatively independent the items of the self-evaluation in connection with four general factors, being these different for each one of the drivers samples, according to his different factorial weight.Psicologí

The ALHAMBRA survey: Estimation of the clustering signal encoded in the cosmic variance

[Aims]: The relative cosmic variance (σv) is a fundamental source of uncertainty in pencil-beam surveys and, as a particular case of count-in-cell statistics, can be used to estimate the bias between galaxies and their underlying dark-matter distribution. Our goal is to test the significance of the clustering information encoded in the σv measured in the ALHAMBRA survey. [Methods]: We measure the cosmic variance of several galaxy populations selected with B-band luminosity at 0.35 ≤ z< 1.05 as the intrinsic dispersion in the number density distribution derived from the 48 ALHAMBRA subfields. We compare the observational σv with the cosmic variance of the dark matter expected from the theory, σv,dm. This provides an estimation of the galaxy bias b. [Results]: The galaxy bias from the cosmic variance is in excellent agreement with the bias estimated by two-point correlation function analysis in ALHAMBRA. This holds for different redshift bins, for red and blue subsamples, and for several B-band luminosity selections. We find that b increases with the B-band luminosity and the redshift, as expected from previous work. Moreover, red galaxies have a larger bias than blue galaxies, with a relative bias of brel = 1.4 ± 0.2. [Conclusions]: Our results demonstrate that the cosmic variance measured in ALHAMBRA is due to the clustering of galaxies and can be used to characterise the σv affecting pencil-beam surveys. In addition, it can also be used to estimate the galaxy bias b from a method independent of correlation functions.This work has been mainly funded by the FITE (Fondos de Inversiones de Teruel) and the projects AYA2012-30789, AYA2006-14056, and CSD2007-00060. We also acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry for Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER funds through grants AYA2010-15081, AYA2010-15169, AYA2010-22111-C03-01, AYA2010-22111-C03-02, AYA2011-29517-C03-01, AYA2012-39620, AYA2013-40611-P, AYA2013-42227-P, AYA2013-43188-P, AYA2013-48623-C2-1, AYA2013-48623-C2-2, ESP2013-48274, AYA2014-58861-C3-1, Aragon Government Research Group E103, Generalitat Valenciana projects Prometeo 2009/064 and PROMETEOII/2014/060, Junta de Andalucia grants TIC114, JA2828, P10-FQM-6444, and Generalitat de Catalunya project SGR-1398. A.J.C. and C.H.-M. are Ramon y Cajal fellows of the Spanish government. A. M. acknowledges the financial support of the Brazilian funding agency FAPESP (Post-doc fellowship - process number 2014/11806-9). M.P. acknowledges financial support from JAE-Doc program of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), co-funded by the European Social Fund.Peer Reviewe

Recomendaciones para la práctica de ejercicio físico en pacientes cardiópatas en edad escolar

As cardiopatías conxénitas constitúen o defecto conxénito máis frecuente, e nas últimas décadas asistimos a un importante avance no tratamento das mesmas. Este documento consiste nunha recompilación de recomendacións para a práctica da actividade física, no ámbito escolar galego, para os nenos/as entre 6 e 16 anos, portadores da maioría das cardiopatías conxénitas e familiares.Las cardiopatías congénitas constituyen el defecto congénito más frecuente, y en las últimas décadas asistimos a un importante avance en el tratamiento de las mismas. Este documento consiste en una recopilación de recomendacións para la práctica de la actividade física, en el ámbito escolar gallego, para los niños y niñas entre 6 y 16 años, portadores de la mayoría de las cardiopatías congénitas y familiares

Recommendations for the Clinical Approach to Immune Thrombocytopenia: Spanish ITP Working Group (GEPTI)

© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a complex autoimmune disease whose hallmark is a deregulation of cellular and humoral immunity leading to increased destruction and reduced production of platelets. The heterogeneity of presentation and clinical course hampers personalized approaches for diagnosis and management. In 2021, the Spanish ITP Group (GEPTI) of the Spanish Society of Hematology and Hemotherapy (SEHH) updated a consensus document that had been launched in 2011. The updated guidelines have been the reference for the diagnosis and management of primary ITP in Spain ever since. Nevertheless, the emergence of new tools and strategies makes it advisable to review them again. For this reason, we have updated the main recommendations appropriately. Our aim is to provide a practical tool to facilitate the integral management of all aspects of primary ITP management.Peer reviewe

Psicologia de la Motivació i l'Emoció : materials docents

Este material forma part dels materials docents programats mitjançant l'ajut del Servei de Política Lingüística de la Universitat de València.Materials suport a la docència de l'assignatura Psicologia de la Motivació i Emoció del Grau de Psicologia de la Universitat de València. Iniciativa del programa d'incentius per a la docència en valencià