Interlaboratory study on lipid oxidation during accelerated storage trials with rapeseed and sunflower oil analyzed by conjugated dienes as primary oxidation products

11 Páginas.-- 5 Figuras.-- 2 Tablas.-- Material suplementarioAccelerated storage tests are frequently used to assess the oxidative stability of foods and related systems due to its reproducibility. Various methods and experimental conditions are used to measure lipid oxidation. Differences between laboratories make it necessary to determine the repeatability and reproducibility of oxidation tests performed under the same conditions. The objective of the present interlaboratory study was to evaluate the outcome of a storage test for two different bulk oils, sunflower oil (SFO) and rapeseed oil (RSO), during a period of 9 weeks at 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, and 60°C. Sixteen laboratories were provided with bottled oils and conducted the storage tests according to a detailed protocol. Lipid oxidation was monitored by the formation of conjugated dienes (CD) and the activation energy (Ea) was determined for comparative purposes and statistically evaluated. An increase in CD formation was observed for both oils when the storage temperature was increased in all laboratories. The Ea,1 ranged from 47.9 to 73.3 kJ mol−1 in RSO and from 27.8 to 62.6 kJ mol−1 in SFO, with average values of 58.2 and 46.8 kJ mol−1, respectively. The reproducibility coefficients were 10.9% and 18.2% for RSO and SFO, respectively. Practical applications: In order to compare results on oxidative stability of foods derived from different studies, the reproducibility of storage tests and methods employed to evaluate the oxidation level should be considered. This study provides fundamental data on the reproducibility of lipid oxidation under accelerated storage conditions and defines important parameters to be considered for the conduction of experiments.Open access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. We thank Brökelmann + Co – Oelmühle GmbH + Co for the donation of the vegetable oils. The authors gratefully acknowledge Lina Stuthmann from the Food Technology Division, Kiel University and Inge Holmberg from the National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark for their skillful help.Peer reviewe

Mécanismes de relocalisation de la Glucose-regulated protein 78 à la surface des cellules du cancer de l'ovaire

Afin de mieux comprendre les mécanismes cellulaires impliqués dans le développement du cancer de l'ovaire, nous nous sommes intéressés à la protéine GRP78. Dans les cellules cancéreuses, la GRP78 du RE est relocalisée à la surface cellulaire et participe au développement tumoral. Afin d'apporter des informations sur les mécanismes de transport de la GRP78 du RE à la membrane plasmique, nous avons investigué le rôle d'un potentiel partenaire : la protéine Par-4. Nous confirmons l'implication de Par-4 dans, 1) le transport de la GRP78 à la membrane plasmique et, 2) le développement tumoral et la réponse au taxol dans le cancer de l'ovaire. Nous avons également investigué l'implication des différents domaines de la GRP78 dans son transport à la membrane plasmique et montrons que le SBD joue un rôle important. Enfin, nous suggérons que la forme transmembranaire au niveau du RE ne serait pas l'« origine » de la forme transmembranaire à la surface cellulaire

In Ovo Progression of Borderline Ovarian Tumors

Objective: Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) are generally considered to be non-invasive tumors with low malignancy potential. However, studies show that BOTs have the ability to progress to low-grade carcinomas and gain the potential to invade surrounding tissue and to metastasize. Here, we investigate whether a patient derived serous BOT (SBOT) could progress in low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC) through in vitro and in ovo characterization. Methods: Ovarian cancer cell line from a SBOT, named OCAM, were isolated and characterized by PCR, migration assay and chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Results: OCAM cells express carcinoma characteristics and form a tumor in CAM. Moreover, OCAM cells get into membrane of chicken suggesting invasive properties. Conclusion: SBOTs could a precursor of LGSC involving consequences in adaptation of treatment provided by clinician

Circulating GRP78 antibodies from ovarian cancer patients: a promising tool for cancer cell targeting drug delivery system?

Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a chaperone protein that has a high frequency in tumor cells. Normally it is found in the endoplasmic reticulum to assist in protein folding, but under cellular stress, GRP78 influences proliferative signaling pathways at the cell surface. The increased expression elicits autoantibody production, providing a biomarker of ovarian cancer, as well as other types of cancer. This study aims to determine the epitope recognition of GRP78 autoantibodies isolated from serum of ovarian cancer patients and use the identified antibodies to design new drug delivery systems to specifically target cancer cells. We first confirmed that the membrane GRP78 levels are increased in ovarian cancer cells and positively correlate with proliferation. However, the level of circulating GRP78 autoantibodies did not correlate with membrane GRP78 expression in ovarian cancer cells and was lower, although not significantly, compared to control patients. We then determined the epitope recognition of GRP78 autoantibodies and showed that treatment with paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles coated with anti-GRP78 antibodies significantly decreased tumor development in chick embryo culture of ovarian cancer cell tumors compared to paclitaxel treatment alone. This evidence suggests that nanoparticle drug delivery systems coupled with antibodies against GRP78 has potential as a powerful therapy against ovarian cancer

Role of PAR-4 in ovarian cancer

Prostate apoptosis response-4 (PAR-4) is considered as a tumour suppressor due to its ability to selectively induce cell apoptosis in most cancer cells. However little is known about the role of PAR-4 in ovarian cancer. In this study, we investigated for the first time the role of PAR-4 in ovarian carcinogenesis. We showed that PAR-4 mRNA level is not significantly different between healthy and cancer ovarian cells. Immunohistochemistry on ovarian tissue showed that ovarian cancer cells are positive for PAR-4 nuclear and cytoplasmic staining whereas ovarian healthy cells are negative for PAR-4 nuclear staining. We then studied the role of PAR-4 in cell apoptosis. We determined that PAR-4 induces cell apoptosis in response to stimuli, in vitro, but is also involved in the relocation of GRP78 from endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface of ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV-3 cells). In ovo, PAR-4 decreases ovarian tumour development and increases the response to taxol treatment. These observations suggest that PAR-4 is a very interesting therapeutic target against ovarian carcinogenesis

Rapid assessment of fatty acyls chains of phospholipids and plasmalogens by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in positive mode and high-resolution mass spectrometry using in-source generated monoacylglycerol like fragments intensities

International audienceWe recently published a new concept using monoacylglycerol-like fragments [MG+H-H2O]+ (ions B) pro-duced in-source by atmospheric pressure photoionization in positive mode and high-resolution massspectrometry for the determination of the fatty acyl (FA) composition of triacylglycerols (TGs) from plantoils. This study extends the concept to the phospholipids (PLs) category and shows that the APCI+ sourcecan also be used. Moreover, the coupling with NP-LC allows to simultaneously analyze different PLsclasses in the same sample. We compared the relative intensities of the ions B produced in-source tothe % composition of FAs determined by GC-FID. In the case of PLs from natural extracts composed ex-clusively of diacyl-PLs, the relative intensities of ions B are close to the % of the FAs obtained by GC-FID.This approach is not directly useable for extracts containing plasmalogens (P-PLs). For these PLs, acidichydrolysis by HCl fumes allows hydrolyzing selectively vinyl ether functions to form lyso-PLs. The analy-sis of hydrolyzed extracts makes it possible to obtain the composition of P-PLs FAs thanks to the lyso-PLsthus formed, while the diacyl-PLs composition remains unchanged. Unlike GC-FID FAs determination, thisapproach allows a distinction between the diacyl-PLs and P-PLs FAs composition. We also found that theion B intensities were consistent among the PL classes (PG, PE, PA, PI, CL, PS and PC) and lyso- forms(LPE and LPC). In the case of the diacyl-PLs extracts analyzed, no statistically significant differences werefound between the PLs FAs compositions calculated from ion B intensities and the corresponding GC-FIDdata. A weighting coefficient was applied to correct ion B intensities issued from polyunsaturated FAswith three or more double bonds. The fatty alkenyls composition of P-PLs could also be calculated fromthe % intensities of specific ions

Casitas B-lineage lymphoma Gene Mutation Ocular Phenotype

This article describes the ocular phenotype associated with the identified Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (CBL) gene mutation and reviews the current literature. This work also includes the longitudinal follow-up of five unrelated cases of unexplained fundus lesions with visual loss associated with a history of hepatosplenomegaly. Wide repeated workup was made to rule out infections, inflammatory diseases, and lysosomal diseases. No variants in genes associated with retinitis pigmentosa, cone–rod dystrophy, and inherited optic neuropathy were found. Molecular analysis was made using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES). The results included two cases sharing ophthalmological signs including chronic macular edema, vascular leakage, visual field narrowing, and electroretinography alteration. Two other cases showed damage to the optic nerve head and a fifth young patient exhibited bilateral complicated vitreoretinal traction and carried a heterozygous mutation in the CBL gene associated with a mutation in the IKAROS gene. Ruxolitinib as a treatment for RASopathy did not improve eye conditions, whereas systemic lesions were resolved in one patient. Mutations in the CBL gene were found in all five cases. In conclusion, a detailed description may pave the way for the CBL mutation ocular phenotype. Genetic analysis using whole-exome sequencing could be useful in the diagnosis of unusual clinical features