Anatomie du nerf alvéolaire inférieur

International audienceLe nerf alvéolaire inférieur présente un trajet global commun, mais aussi une variabilité anatomique (type trifurqué, bifurqué, ou plexiforme, foramen men-tonnier unique ou double, rond ou ovale) qui doit tout de même inciter à la plus grande prudence, par une imagerie systématique de type scanner mandibulaire, avant tout geste à proximité du nerf pour détecter les éventuelles variation

The tethered effect of the arachnoid in vago-glossopharyngeal neuralgia: a real associated alternative mechanism?

Vago-glossopharyngeal neuralgia (VGPN) is a rarely seen disease when compared to trigeminal neuralgia. When the pain is resistant to medical therapy, microvascular decompression can be performed if a vascular conflict is suspected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, arachnoid pathology may play a role in VGPN. We report two cases of VGPN caused by tethered arachnoid, associated with a vascular contact in which pain was reduced by freeing rootlets from arachnoid compression. We report two cases relating to 50-year-old and 30-year-old men with a history of electric shooting pain triggered by swallowing in the right pharyngeal and auricular regions. Preoperative MRI documented a neurovascular conflict in the first case and an arachnoid cyst in the second. Surgery was performed via a retrosigmoid craniotomy. In both cases, the intraoperative findings documented a tethered arachnoid membrane compressive to cranial nerves IX and X. Untethering was performed by liberation of the rootlets from the arachnoid with microvascular decompression. No additional rhizotomy was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful and pain was relieved in the first case and decreased in the second. In VGPN, a tethered arachnoid may play a role in causing the neuralgia, either alone or associated with a neuro-vascular conflict

Morphological and functional anatomy of the trigeminal triangular plexus as an anatomical entity: a systematic review

PURPOSE: The sensory trigeminal nerve in the trigeminal cave of Meckel-which is an individualized lodge-is classically segmented into two parts: the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and the triangular plexus (TP). The TP has been defined as the portion of the trigeminal nerve from the posterior margin of the TG to the path over the upper ridge of the petrous bone. Due to its relatively unrecognized status, its morphological and functional anatomy has been reviewed by the authors through a PRISMA systematic review of the literature. METHODS: The authors have carried out a systematic review of the TP according to the PRISMA model with various bibliographical bases. Before 1947: Medic @ Library (BIU Santé Paris, 2017); Index-Catalog of the Library of the Surgeon-General\u27s Office (US National Library of Medicine, 2017); Gallica (French National Library, 2017). After 1947: PUBMED, PubMed Central and MEDLINE. RESULTS: 56 articles were retained for full-text examination, of which 23 were chosen and included. The TP was described as having a triangular shape (30.2%), a plexual organization (97.4%) with sensory-, motor- and sympathetic-anastomoses (96.7%) that, however, respect the somatotopic trigeminal distribution (93.3%). The direct electrical stimulation of the root at the level of the TP (during radiofrequency-thermorhizotomy procedures) confirmed a clear-cut somatotopy. CONCLUSION: An understanding of both the morphological and the functional anatomy of the triangular plexus can contribute to accuracy and safety on the surgeries performed for trigeminal neuralgia and tumor removal inside the trigeminal cave

Dimensions du processus d’apprentissage professionnel des directeurs d’école débutants au travers d’une analyse de l’activité dans une situation d’animation de réunion d’équipe

En référence au champ théorique de la didactique professionnelle et de la clinique de l'activité, cette étude a permis d’analyser l'activité de 3 directeurs d'école débutants lors de réunions d'équipe. L'analyse des entretiens fait apparaître l’influence des interrelations sur l'activité des sujets et leur impact sur l'apprentissage professionnel

Saint-Georges-de-Montaigu – Les Cottages

L’agglomération de Saint Georges de Montaigu, au nord du département de la Vendée, s’étend sur un éperon rocheux marqué par la confluence de deux rivières : la Grande Maine et la Petite Maine. La topographie du site se prête particulièrement à une installation défensive. La présence de vestiges archéologiques dans le bourg fut signalée dès 1636 par Dubuisson-Aubenay (Maître, 1896). Les érudits du siècle dernier (Cavoleau, Fillon, Baudry) n’omettent pas de mentionner celle qui est alors consid..

Advancement in the understanding of multifragmentation and phase transition for hot nuclei

Recent advancement on the knowledge of multifragmentation and phase transition for hot nuclei is reported. It concerns i) the influence of radial collective energy on fragment partitions and the derivation of general properties of partitions in presence of such a collective energy, ii) a better knowledge of freeze-out properties obtained by means of a simulation based on all the available experimental information and iii) the quantitative study of the bimodal behaviour of the heaviest fragment charge distribution for fragmenting hot heavy quasi-projectiles which allows, for the first time, to estimate the latent heat of the phase transition.Comment: 9 pages, Proceedings of IWM09, November 4-7, Catania (Italy

Contrôle de la morphologie des poudres par l'ajout de fondants : Application à un luminophore

National audienceCe travail porte sur l'amélioration du procédé de fabrication des luminophores et en particulier un phosphate de lanthane : LaPO4:Ce,Tb (LaCeT). L'influence de fondants carbonatés (Li2CO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3, ...) sur la taille et la forme des grains du luminophore y est décrite. Pour ce faire des analyses par microscopie électronique à balayage ont été effectuées. Des résultats concluants ont pu en être tirés : des grains de morphologie contrôlée (forme de sphères ou de plaquettes) et de taille adaptée (modulable de 0,1 à 10 μm) ont pu être synthétisés. Par ailleurs, la photoluminescence des poudres obtenues a été contrôlée et il a été montré que l'effet du fondant n'est pas dommageable aux propriétés optiques des luminophores finales

Plate boundary segmentation in the northeastern Caribbean from geodetic measurements and Neogene geological observations

AbstractThe Caribbean–North America plate boundary in the northeastern Caribbean shows a remarkable example of along-strike transition from plate boundary–normal subduction in the Lesser Antilles, oblique subduction with no strain partitioning in Puerto Rico, and oblique subduction/collision with strain partitioning further west in Hispaniola. We show that this segmentation is well marked in the interseismic strain, as measured using space geodetic data, and in the Neogene deformation regime, as derived from geological observations. Hence, interseismic segmentation, which reproduces the geological segmentation persistent over a long time interval, is inherited from the geological history and long-term properties of the plate boundary. This result is relevant to the assessment of seismic hazard at convergent plate boundaries, where geodetic measurements often show interseismic segmentation between fully–and partially–coupled plate interface regions

Titanium Dioxide as Food Additive

Titanium dioxide is a white metal oxide used in many food categories as food additives to provide a whitening effect. If its use complies with the five specifications including synthesis pathway, crystallographic phase, purity, amount and innocuousness, all other parameters are not defined and were hardly documented. However, in the last 3 years, two studies have deeply characterized food-grade TiO2 and converged to the fact that the size distribution of food-grade TiO2 spans over the nanoparticle range (<100 nm) and the surface is not pure TiO2 but covered by phosphate and eventually silicon species or aluminium species, which modify the surface chemistry of these particles. Until now, this material was considered as safe. However, the toxicological studies later to the last re-evaluation by the European Food Safety Agency reveal some concerns due to the ability of TiO2 particles to alter the intestinal barrier. This reinforces the idea to go on reinforcing the risk assessment about food-grade TiO2