Ingestão de cálcio e ferro alimentar por idosos residentes em instituições geriátricas de fortaleza, CE¹

Foi avaliada a ingestão alimentar de cálcio e ferro de 152 idosos de ambos os sexos, residentes em instituições geriátricas da cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará. Utilizou-se o método da pesagem direta dos alimentos com posterior pesagem do(s) resto(s) para obter o consumo alimentar. Os resultados indicaram que, quanto ao cálcio, 93% dos idosos apresentaram ingestão alimentar inadequada. Quanto ao ferro, verificou-se que 72% dos homens e 41% das mulheres apresentaram ingestão acima do recomendado. No entanto, 12% das mulheres apresentaram consumo insuficiente de ferro alimentar. De acordo com estes resultados, conclui-se que esta população apresenta risco nutricional para osteoporose, considerando a elevada proporção de indivíduos com consumo inadequado de cálcio, bem como para anemia ferropriva, especialmente no caso das mulheres. Assim, tornam-se necessárias intervenções no sentido de prevenir ou corrigir estas deficiências

Caracterização do trabalho de enfermeiros e profissionais do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família na Atenção Primária

Introdução: Avaliar o trabalho dos profissionais de saúde da atenção básica pode revelar informações importantes relacionadas à forma de produção de cuidado, essenciais para sua qualificação e atendimento das necessidades de saúde da população. Objetivo: Este estudo se propôs caracterizar o trabalho de enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família e profissionais de saúde de Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família em um município da Paraíba, Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal no qual foram incluídos enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família e profissionais de saúde dos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família da cidade de Campina Grande, totalizando 52 profissionais, 20 enfermeiros e 32 de outras formações da área de saúde. Utilizou-se um questionário estruturado com informações sobre formação profissional, características do trabalho e satisfação profissional. O projeto teve aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Resultados: Os enfermeiros destacaram falta de solidariedade no trabalho e de reconhecimento. A maioria dos profissionais dos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família mostrou insegurança decorrente de instabilidade laboral e medo de ficar sem trabalho. Ambos os grupos de profissionais indicaram baixa satisfação com a estrutura física, o atendimento individual à demanda e as reuniões com a comunidade. Conclusão: Os profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde do município têm que lidar com limitações impostas por um cenário estrutural pouco favorável das unidades de saúde e vínculos trabalhistas marcados por insegurança, falta de solidariedade e baixo reconhecimento

Body image perception and associated anthropometric and body composition indicators in the elderly

Aging leads to psychological losses and various physical changes that, associated with body-stereotyped patterns imposed by society, can cause disturbances in the body image perception (BIP) in the elderly. The aim of this study was to evaluate BIP in older adults living in the city of Campina Grande / PB and its relationship with different anthropometric and body composition indicators. This cross-sectional study was carried out with older adults of both sexes enrolled in the Family Health Strategy of Campina Grande, PB. BIP was considered as a dependent variable and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triceps skinfold (TSF), and arm fat area (AFA) as independent variables. The association between BIP and anthropometric indicators was verified using the Pearson chi-square test (X²), simple and multiple logistic regression, with significance level of p <0.05. Overall, 420 older adults were interviewed (68.1% women), of whom 409 reported their actual body image perception. Regarding the perception of idealized body image, 11 individuals did not respond and 230 were satisfied, since 179 desired another silhouette. Individuals with BMI indicative of overweight / obesity were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction compared to those with normal weight. Subjects with excessive TSF showed greater body image dissatisfaction in relation to those with normal weight. Women were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction. Thus, it was observed that variables BMI, TSF and sex were independently associated with body image satisfaction

ESTADO NUTRICIONAL ASSOCIADO À SITUAÇÃO SOCIAL E COGNITIVA EM IDOSAS PRATICANTES E NÃO PRATICANTES DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA

Objetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional associado à situação social e cognitiva em idosas praticantes de atividade física (PAF) e não praticantes de atividade física (NPAF). Método: Estudo transversal,com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com idosas do programa Universidade Aberta no Tempo Livre e de grupos de convivência, ambos localizados na cidade de Campina Grande/PB. As variáveis estudadas foram: índice de massa corporal (IMC), idade, nível socioeconômico (NSE), número de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT), depressão e estado cognitivo. Na análise estatística foiajustado um modelo de regressão Gamma. Adotou-se um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 35 idosas PAF e 36 NPAF. Ente as PAF, o modelo ajustado explica 28% (R²=0,28) davariabilidade dos valores referentes ao IMC e as variáveis independentes. O número de DCNT foi a variável significativa para o IMC. Entre as idosas NPAF não houve associação entre o IMC e as demais variáveis. Conclusão: O IMC das idosas é influenciado positivamente pelo aumento do número de DCNT. Observa-se a necessidade de um maior investimento em esforços por parte de todos os atores envolvidos na assistência à saúde dos idosos.

Prevalence and control of hypertension in the elderly: a population study

RESUMO - Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e fatores associados em idosos de Campina Grande/Paraíba. Métodos: Estudo transversal, de base populacional. Foram verificadas prevalências de HAS diagnosticada, referida, controlada e associações com variáveis sociodemográficas. Resultados: Foram avaliados 806 idosos. A HAS diagnosticada associou-se ao sexo feminino, grupo etário 70-79 anos e menos de 8 anos de estudo. A HAS referida associou-se ao sexo feminino e à etnia não branca. A HAS controlada associou-se à etnia branca e a 8 anos ou mais de estudo. Conclusão: Idosos apresentaram elevadas prevalências de HAS e baixo controle da doença.ABSTRACT - Objective: To estimate the prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP) and associated factors in older subjects of Campina Grande/Paraíba. Methods: This is a cross-sectional population-based study. Prevalence of diagnosed, self-reported and controlled HBP and associations with sociodemographic variables were observe. Results: This study included 806 older subjects. Diagnosed HBP was associated with female gender, age group 70-79 years and schooling less than 8 years of study. Self-reported HBP was associated with female gender and nonwhite ethnicity. Controlled hypertension was associated with white ethnicity and schooling of eight years or more. Conclusion: Elderly subjects in this study showed high prevalence of hypertension and poor control of the disease.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Trauma in Elderly People Attended by a Mobile Emergency Service

Introduction: The process of aging causes bio-psychosocial changes, that commonly, make the elderly more likely to be affected by chronic diseases and disorders due to external causes. Objective: Analize the occurrence of trauma and demographic characteristics of elderly people attended by a mobile emergency service. Method: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the city of Sousa, in northeast region of Brazil, using data from 190 records of elderly victims of trauma attended by the MES from January 1St to December 31St of 2011. The Pearson’s chi-square test (χ2) or Fisher’s exact test with Freeman-Halton extension, were used to observe possible associations between variables. A significance level of α&lt;5% was considered. Results: From the total of 190 elderly, 51.1% were male, aged between 60 and 104 years, mean age of 75.3 years (SD 10.44 years) and median of 74.0 years. Regarding the occurrence of trauma, 91.6% occurred in urban areas, 35.8% in the morning, 46.3% at weekend and 42.1% in the months from May to August. Falls stood out with 65.3% of cases and 87.9% had no alcohol on their breath during first-aid care. Among the injuries, wounds were predominant (62.3%) and 87.4% were referred to hospital. A significant association was observed between the presence of alcohol on the breath and sex (p&lt;0.001) and age group (p=0.004) and between trauma mechanism and sex (p&lt;0.001). Higher susceptibility was observed among males in the most advanced age group. Among the types of trauma, falls occurred mainly among women and traffic accidents among men. The presence of alcohol on the breath was verified especially among men and the majority of them were referred to hospitals. Conclusion: Knowledge of the characteristics of the demographics and occurrences of trauma in elderly people is necessary for the early identification of those individuals more exposed to this risk. Thus, it is considered that this research was relevant to characterize the elderly people requiring first-aid assistance and the occurrences of trauma, furthermore it is hoped that educational measures should be implemented in the community in order to prevent such traumas

Psychosocial aspects and support networks associated with disability in two longevous populations in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

© 2022 The Authors. Published by Springer. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-02810-4Background Among the oldest old, aged 80 years and over, the prevalence of disability is higher than in other age groups and can be considered a predictor of mortality. Objective To evaluate how psychosocial aspects and support networks influence the disability of these oldest-old individuals, performing a comparison between two longevous populations, one living in one of the poorest regions of Brazil, in the backlands of Paraíba, and another living in one of the largest urban centres in Latin America. Method A cross-sectional study in which 417 oldest-old persons aged 80 years and older were interviewed, with data collected through the “Health, Welfare and Ageing” survey conducted in two Brazilian cities. Disability was assessed by reporting the need for assistance in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Bivariate and multiple analyses were performed using R statistical software. Results Food insufficiency in the first years of life had negative repercussions on the disability of oldest old people living in the northeast. On the other hand, in this region, older people have a higher rate of support and live longer with their peers, which may contribute to reducing feelings of loneliness, depressive symptoms, and worse self-perception of health. In the Southeast, financial constraints, subjective poverty, and unmet needs may favour the development of functional limitations between long-lived people. Conclusion Our findings indicate that regional differences in Brazil may influence the disability of older people aged 80 and older. In northeast Brazil, having no partner may contribute to disability for ADLs and IADLs; while, in the longevous population of São Paulo, having a worse self-rated health may contribute to disability for IADLs.The current study was funded by Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (PROPESQ) and Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado da Paraíba (FAPESQ/CNPq— PPSUS 015/2014); CAPES (INCT 14/50931–3), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP-CEPID 2013/08028–1; 1999/ 05125, 2005/54947–2, 2009/53778–3).Published onlin

Regional differences regarding the occurrence of falls and associated factors in two populations of Brazilian longevous people

© 2022 The Authors. Published by BMC. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03630-2Background Few studies have explored regional asymmetries and their implications for health policies regarding episodes of falls among the population of ≥80 years old in continental and developing countries like Brazil with deep inequalities and sociocultural differences. Objective To evaluate the occurrence of falls and their association with functional capacity and nutritional status in the longest oldest-old living in two municipalities in the Northeast and Southeast of Brazil. Methods This is a cross-sectional study, with primary data collection in which were included in the research seniors aged 80 years or more, of both sexes, belonging to two Brazilian municipalities of discrepant socioeconomic aspects. The dependent variable was the occurrence of falls in the last year. The independent variables were grouped into demographic aspects, functional capacity and nutritional status. To identify variables that contribute to the occurrence of falls, the multiple logistic regression model, adopts a significance level of 5%. Results The sample was composed of 415 oldest-old adults. From the total, 32.3% reported having fallen in the last year, 24.7% in Brejo dos Santos and 37.8% in São Paulo. Among the former population, the mean value of walking speed for those who had falls was 0.27 m/s and for those who had no occurrence of falls was 0.33 m/s; and, among the seniors from São Paulo, the mean values were 0.51 m/s and 0.58 m/s, respectively. Significant correlations between walking speed and falls were verified for both populations, showing that the lower the walking speed, the higher the predisposition to falls. In the final regression model, the occurrence of falls was associated with moderate balance (OR = 5.28; CI: 1.11–25.18) among the longevous people Brejo dos Santos and with very poor functional performance (OR = 16.09; CI:1.46–177.06) among those from São Paulo. Conclusion The results pointed out a lower prevalence of falls in longevous people from Brejo dos Santos than in those from São Paulo and differences regarding the associated factors, showing heterogeneity between the two populations; indicating the need for public policies and effective programmes aimed at preventing falls based on the maintenance or increase of functional capacity.The current study was funded by Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (PROPESQ) and Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado da Paraíba (FAPESQ/CNPq - PPSUS 015/2014); CAPES (INCT 14/50931–3), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP-CEPID 2013/08028–1; 1999/ 05125, 2005/54947–2, 2009/53778–3).Published onlin