The Political Economy of Reform in Brazil’s Civil Servant Pension Scheme

Brazil, pension, political economy, social security

El sector salud en los proyectos del BID: Una evaluación preliminar

El objetivo de esta nota técnica es realizar un análisis preliminar sobre los proyectos de salud del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID), buscando conocer algunas características asociadas a la composición y la evolución reciente de la cartera. La base de datos actualmente disponible no permite realizar un análisis de desempeño de los proyectos, dado que esto involucraría un mayor conocimiento sobre el alcance de objetivos de desarrollo de los proyectos. Las características investigadas en el presente análisis se restringen a las siguientes variables: (i) número de proyectos aprobados; (ii) tiempo promedio de ejecución y (iii) promedio anual de desembolso.Salud, Servicios financieros, sector salud, evaluación de proyectos

A regulação do trabalho no âmbito da saúde

This article intends to describe the relation between health labour market and economic development with the approach of regulation theory. The first section presents some concepts and analytical Instruments of regulation theory. The second section describe the main characteristics of labour markets regulation on twenty century. The two last sections focuses the problem of health labour market in developing countries, specilying the brazilian case.This article intends to describe the relation between health labour market and economic development with the approach of regulation theory. The first section presents some concepts and analytical Instruments of regulation theory. The second section describe the main characteristics of labour markets regulation on twenty century. The two last sections focuses the problem of health labour market in developing countries, specilying the brazilian case

Urbanização e estrutura ocupacional: alternativas metodológicas para uma investigação

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O custeio da política social ao nível regional: subsídios para uma estratégia de descentralização

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Desigualdades sociais e desenvolvimento no Brasil: uma análise dos anos 80 ao nível regional

The main purpose of this paper was study the relation between social and economic development in Brazil, discussing and making hypothesis about regional and metropolitan differences found on some indicators. The data about public services supply for 1983 and 1990 was agregated by sithetic indicators compposed by education, health, sanitation and urban infra-structure parameters. Some economic variables as GNP per capita and Gini coefficient of work income was used in the regional analysis.The main purpose of this paper was study the relation between social and economic development in Brazil, discussing and making hypothesis about regional and metropolitan differences found on some indicators. The data about public services supply for 1983 and 1990 was agregated by sithetic indicators compposed by education, health, sanitation and urban infra-structure parameters. Some economic variables as GNP per capita and Gini coefficient of work income was used in the regional analysis

Theileria terrestris nov. sp. : a novel Theileria in lowland tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) from two different biomes in Brazil

The low-land tapir (Tapirus terrestris) is the largest wild terrestrial mammal found in Brazil. Although T. terrestris has been already reported as a host of hemoparasites, the occurrence and genetic identity of Piroplasmida agents in this species is still cloudy. Although it is reported that Theileria equi, an endemic equid-infective agent in Brazil, is occurring in lowland tapirs, these reports are probably misconceived diagnoses since they are solely based on small fragments of 18S rRNA that may not achieve accurate topologies on phylogenetic analyses. The present study aimed to detect and investigate the identity of Theileria spp. in tapirs from Pantanal and Cerrado biomes. Blood-DNA samples from tapirs were screened for a partial (~800 bp) 18S rRNA gene fragment from Piroplasmida and 64 (64/122; 52.46% CI: 43.66–61.11%) presented bands of expected size. Samples were submitted to different protocols for molecular characterization, including near-full length 18S rRNA gene (~1500 bp), and the ema-1 gene from T. equi. Eight sequences were obtained for extended fragments (1182–1473 bp) from the 18S rRNA gene. Moreover, three sequences from partial cox-1 and five from partial hsp70 gene were obtained. None of the samples presented amplifications for the ema-1 gene. Phylogenetic and distance analyses from the 18S rRNA sequences obtained demonstrated a clear separation from tapirs’ Theileria spp. and T. equi. Phylogenetic analyses of cox-1 and hsp70 sequences obtained herein also showed a unique clade formed by tapir’s Theileria spp. Theileria terrestris sp. nov. is positioned apart from all other Theileria species in 18S rRNA, cox-1, and hps70 phylogenetic analyses. This novel proposed species represents a new Piroplasmida clade, yet to be characterized regarding biological features, vectors involved in the transmission cycles, additional vertebrate hosts, and pathogenicity

A Large-Scale Population-Based Analysis of Common Genetic Variation in the Thyroid Hormone Receptor Alpha Locus and Bone

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SAPALDIA: Methods and participation in the cross-sectional part of the Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults

Summary: SAPALDIA-the Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults-focuses on the long term health effects of low to moderate levels of air pollutants as typically seen in different parts of Switzerland. The aim of the SAPALDIA cross-sectional study carried out in 1991 was to determine the prevalence of bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis and allergic conditions in the adult population of Switzerland and to identify and to determine the respective importance of potentially influencing factors. These could be both personal (smoking habits, allergy status, family history, occupation) and environmental (outdoor and indoor pollution, aeroallergens, climate). A further aim of the cross-sectional study consisted in the identification of individuals susceptible to present symptoms during a two year observation period and to be included in the SAPALDIA follow-up study. This technical report represents the methodological documentation for the cross-sectional study of SAPALDIA. The instruments and the methods of standardisation are presented and discussed. The medical examination consisted of a computerised interview using a standardised questionnaire, the taking of a blood sample for serological tests, allergy skin testing, the measurement of endexpiratory CO and body height, and pulmonary function testing followed by methacholine challenge testing or bronchodilatation testing. The pattern of participation and the 9651 participants of the study, representing 59.3% of the sample, are described. Based on information on non-participants gained by telephone interviews and mailed short questionnaires, possible selection biases are quantified and discusse

Land Inequality and Rice Security in Northern Laos

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