ESTUDO DA FORMAÇÃO DO FRETE RODOVIÃRIO E POTENCIAL DE CONFLITOS EM NEGOCIAÇÕES EM CADEIAS DO AGRONEGÓCIO BRASILEIRO

This work sought to explain the complex nature of the principles behind freight costs, focusing on certain dysfunctions and the limited efficiency of freight rate negotiation in the supply chains of the Brazilian agribusiness. Statistical and econometric techniques were used to identify the systematic behavior of the freight rates of the selected products and, where possible, this procedure was allied to other market evidence. It was possible to identify the influence of many variables on freight rates, such as distance, seasonality of production, the corridors along which the cargo is transported, its specific characteristics and the resulting demands made by customers. The fact that distance behaved as an explanatory variable, and was statistically significant in all of the models, means that mileage should be considered an important variable in the determination of freight rates. However, it is also necessary to consider that the significance of “distance†varies as much according to the detailed characteristics of the cargo as it does according to region. It was concluded that these variables make it possible both to develop negotiation strategies and to minimize conflicts in negotiations, as the costs are identified by the parties concerned.agribusiness logistics, transportation costs, freight rates.,

Un modelo de integración de herramientas de predicción: estudio aplicado al transporte de carga por carretera

Neste estudo, buscou-se desenvolver um modelo de análise de cenários que integrou ferramentas para apoio à tomada de decisão nos investimentos: Cenários prospectivos (Método Grumbach) e Dinâmica de sistemas (modelagem hard), com a inovação da introdução da análise multivariada pelos peritos. A contribuição do modelo é a maior objetividade e clareza na análise que se dá através de simulação de cenários, com identificação dos eventos e das ações redirecionadoras mais impactantes, num sistema interativo em que novas previsões são possíveis de serem desenvolvidas através dos cenários gerados. O modelo foi validado no setor de transporte rodoviário de cargas do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados mostraram que o modelo contribui para a análise de investimentos, pois identifica probabilidades de acontecimentos que interferem na tomada de decisão, bem como identifica prioridades de ações para a redução de incertezas no futuro. Além do mais, permite uma discussão interdisciplinar que correlaciona diferentes áreas do conhecimento, fundamental quando se deseja maior consistência na construção de cenáriosThis study has developed a scenery analysis model which has integrated decision-making tools on investments: prospective scenarios (Grumbach Method) and systems dynamics(hard modeling), with the innovated multivariate analysis of experts.It was designed through analysis and simulation scenarios and showed which are the most striking events in the study object as well as highlighted the actions could redirect the future of the analyzed system. Moreover, predictions are likely to be developed through the generated scenarios. The model has been validated empirically with road freight transport data from state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The results showed that the model contributes to the analysis of investment because it identifies probabilities of events that impact on decision making, and identifies priorities for action, reducing uncertainties in the future. Moreover, it allows an interdisciplinary discussion that correlates different areas of knowledge, fundamental when you wish more consistency in creating scenariosEn este estudio se busca desarrollar un modelo de análisis en que se integran herramientas de apoyo a la toma de decisiones de inversiones: escenarios prospectivos (método Grumbach) y dinámica de sistemas (hard modelling), mediante la innovación del análisis multivariado realizado por los expertos. El modelo contribuye con una mayor objetividad y precisión en el análisis y permite identificar los eventos y acciones más efectivos, en un sistema interactivo en que nuevas predicciones pueden desarrollarse por medio de la simulación de escenarios. Se ha validado el modelo en el sector de transporte de carga por carretera del estado de Rio Grande do Sul. Los resultados demuestran que el modelo contribuye al análisis de inversión, pues identifica probabilidades de eventos que interfieren en la toma de decisiones, así como indica prioridades de acciones para reducir incertidumbres en el futuro. Además, permite un debate interdisciplinario que correlaciona diferentes áreas del conocimiento, lo que es fundamental cuando se desea una mayor coherencia en la creación de escenario

Go Global or Stay Local? Understanding How Fiscal Incentives Reshape Supply Networks

This study investigates the way firms reconfigure their supply base and reshape their production network to capture value from Free Trade Zone incentives to capture value from incentives. Six production networks located in Manaus, Brazil are analyzed using the Global Production Network framework and factors related to plant type and supplier relationships. A multiple case study was conducted. Data was collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews administered in loco, and the selected the firms were leaders in three different industries: transportation, mechanical assembly and chemicals. The results indicate that, if effectively applied, incentives can impact production network configuration from an embeddedness perspective, causing a firm to change its strategic role. Based on the analysis, we propose five propositions that challenge the relationships among autonomy, value creation, plant types and levels of embeddedness. The propositions are particularly useful for suppliers and distributors, as well as public agencies, including infrastructure providers and policymakers

Atributos da prestação de serviços para operações logísticas de commodities agrícolas na visão dos embarcadores

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os atributos valorizados na contratação de operações logísticas pelos embarcadores na tomada de decisões no mercado de commodities agrícolas, com interesse específico na identificação dos principais critérios para contratação e avaliação de um operador logístico. A utilização de operadores logísticos pode ser entendida a partir do aperto nas margens de operação, que tem forçado as empresas a tomarem decisões sobre a viabilidade de otimizarem todas as operações ou buscarem em prestadores de serviço a solução otimizadora. As informações foram obtidas de questionários encaminhados aos responsáveis pela comercialização de empresas que comercializam um volume significativo de grãos. Como síntese dos resultados, pôde-se constatar que o transporte é a principal e, às vezes, única dentro da visão logística do setor. Mesmo que não-sistemática, avaliação da qualidade do serviço prestado é feita pelo embarcador. A freqüência das operações faz com que seja facilitada a tarefa de avaliação do desempenho dos prestadores de serviço. Conforme avaliação dos embarcadores, os itens mais importantes no serviço prestado são, na seqüência, flexibilidade, reação às reclamações e o serviço de transporte propriamente dito. Em suma, pode-se concluir que existe rigidez na gestão logística da comercialização de commodities agrícolas, e os embarcadores, estrategicamente ou pela própria dinâmica do mercado, tendem a “commoditizar†os serviços logísticos, não avaliando o potencial de ganho de terceirização de operações além do transporte, o que faz com que, para esses negócios, transporte e logística sejam sinônimos.Logística agroindustrial, Operador logístico, Comercialização, Marketing,

DISTRIBUTION IN LARGE URBAN CENTERS: MOBILITY DISABILITIES GENERATING COMPLEX LOGISTICS

Urban population growth in developing countries has transformed mobility in large urban centers more dramatic. In this way, the routine of companies and citizens suggest that restrictions of urban mobility seem to affect the traditional business distribution in large cities. Therefore, this research proposes to analyze how the literature has dealt with the impact of deficiencies in urban mobility on logistic capacities. It was possible to verify that the deficiencies of urban mobility have led to economic activities dispersion by the environment, which implies in an increase of small vehicles fleet and, consequently, resulting in the worse in mobility of goods and people in these cities

RISK MANAGEMENT IN GOVERNMENT PURCHASES

Government procurement is exposed to the most diverse risks, such as deserted or failed bids, errors in the technical specification of the object to be acquired and inconsistencies in the market research. In view of this scenario, there is an imperative for the implementation of risk management practices in public procurement, in order to reduce exposure to risks and their consequences. Corroborating this perspective, this study aims to identify the sources of risks and the level of vulnerability existing in the processes of acquisition of goods and services within the scope of the State of Minas Gerais. An exploratory, qualitative research was carried out, which used focus groups to collect the data. The results indicate that most of the identified risks are generated from causes internal to public organizations and result mainly from three sources: (1) human failures, (2) the absence of clear and well-defined organizational processes and (3) inconsistencies in technology tools. The results also demonstrate that public organizations are the main holders of mitigation strategies to reduce the vulnerability found in the acquisition of goods and services

CUSTOS DE TRANSAÇÃO NAS OPERAÇÕES DE EXPORTAÇÃO DE CAFÉ NA REGIÃO SUL DE MINAS GERAIS

Logística agroindustrial, planejamento logístico, agronegócio do café, Logistics agribusiness, logistics planning, agribusiness coffee., Agribusiness,

Confiança nos relacionamentos em cluster de empresas

This study aims to integrate interorganizational relationships (both vertical and horizontal ones) through the perception of trust in businesses’ collaborative behavior. We will use as our empirical field the Brazilian furniture industry production clusters situated in the cities of Arapongas, Mirassol, Ubá and Bento Gonçalves. Data were collected through questionnaires which were administered in loco and analyzed using correlation analysis and the Granger causality test. Trust was analyzed in the benevolence dimension and its relationship with commitment. Results demonstrated that there is causality in the horizontal relationship and that there is no causality in relationships between suppliers and clients, nor in relationships between those and competitors. However, there is a strong correlation between trust in clients and horizontal relationships. Therefore, it was verified that the presence of trust in interorganizational relationships is independent and isolated, and not a permanent, routine attitude

Atributos relevantes no transporte de granéis agrícolas: preferência declarada pelos embarcadores

The objective of this study was to identify the relevant attributes of the services offered for the transporter, under the point of view of the shipper. The understanding of the preferences of the users of the transport services is important for the identification of the necessities and developments waited in the market. The relevant attributes had been raised under the bedding technician of the declared preference, in the form of ranking, using the method of confusing in the application of the cards to the shippers of grains in the state of the Paraná. The results had signaled for a significant concern with the fulfillment of contracts with customers and commitments in the ports and ships. As it could be evidenced, the shippers reflect the concern of the precariousness of the infrastructure, searching more guarantees of that the contracted service is fulfilled. As the attribute in the preference of the shippers was the performance consistency, that also has relation with these concerns, wanting to say that the given service must have a regular performance with small variance. These priorities of the shippers had guided in the elaboration of new strategies of act of contract of freights, looking for legalized rendering of service, with contractual relation.Transport demand, Logistics, Brazilian agribusiness, Stated preference, Agribusiness,

Relacionamentos interorganizacionais em empresas de pequeno porte e sua inserção em cadeias de suprimentos

This research sought to contribute to the understanding of how to configure the horizontal and vertical Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) relationships and which are the consequences for these firms in their insertion in supply chains. To this end, furniture companies data located in industrial district were used. This was a qualitative and quantitative research, developed through a comparative study of furniture companies located at Mirassol (São Paulo) and Ubá (Minas Gerais) poles. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with support entities and businesses. The survey revealed the difficulty of these firms in developing collaborative relationships, what mean a barrier to integration of the supply chain. Besides the low inclination to closer relationships, the research revealed absence of strategies defined as suppliers and customers, showing inclination to transactional practices. The SMEs market behavior and characteristics of governance practices create difficulties for the inclusion of these companies into supply chains as suppliers, thus leaving the positioning as final goods producers, as competitors of larger companies.Este artigo buscou contribuir para a compreensão de como se configuram os relacionamentos horizontais e verticais de pequenas e médias empresas (PMEs) e quais são seus desdobramentos para estas empresas em sua inserção em cadeias de suprimentos. Para tanto, foram utilizadas experiências de empresas moveleiras localizadas em polos industriais. Esta foi uma pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa, desenvolvida por meio de um estudo comparativo dos polos moveleiros de Mirassol (São Paulo) e Ubá (Minas Gerais). Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas junto a entidades de apoio e empresas nos polos. A pesquisa revelou a dificuldade destas empresas de desenvolverem relacionamentos colaborativos, o que é uma barreira para a integração em cadeia de suprimentos. Além da baixa disposição a relacionamentos mais próximos, a pesquisa revelou ausência de estratégias definidas quanto a fornecedores e clientes, demonstrando inclinação para práticas transacionais. O comportamento mercadológico das PMEs e as características das práticas de governança criam dificuldades para a inserção destas empresas em cadeias de suprimentos como fornecedores, implicando, dessa forma, seu posicionamento como produtoras de bens finais e, portanto, como concorrentes de empresas de maior porte.