Building Healthy Places: How are Community Development Organizations Contributing?

During the past 50 years, community development organizations have worked in low-income communities that face the greatest barriers to good health. While recent changes in the American healthcare system and philanthropic sector provide new opportunities to partner with community development organizations to address health disparities, knowledge of current health-focused strategies and partnerships among local community-based organizations is limited.Through a survey conducted by NeighborWorks America of 242 high-performing community development organizations across the United States, we examine health strategies, partnerships, and services delivered by community development organizations and professionals

An EPR methodology for measuring the London penetration depth for the ceramic superconductors

The use is discussed of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) as a quick and easily accessible method for measuring the London penetration depth, lambda for the high T(sub c) superconductors. The method utilizes the broadening of the EPR signal, due to the emergence of the magnetic flux lattice, of a free radical adsorbed on the surface of the sample. The second moment, of the EPR signal below T(sub c) is fitted to the Brandt equation for a simple triangular lattice. The precision of this method compares quite favorably with those of the more standard methods such as micro sup(+)SR, Neutron scattering, and magnetic susceptibility

Content Analysis in the Research Field of Environmental & Climate Change Coverage

In the study of climate and environmental communication, content analysis—in all its many facets—has been used numerous times and in various ways. This chapter provides an overview of common research designs and (combinations of) methods, showing that a variety of approaches have been applied, ranging from qualitative, to quantitative, to automated content analyses. In addition, we identify the main constructs employed in media content analyses—with issue attention, actors and sources, framing, uncertainty, or visual representations being of primary concern. Finally, we outline research desiderata that should be considered in future studie

Microwave (EPR) measurements of the penetration depth measurements of high-Tc superconductors

The use is discussed of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) as a quick and easily accessible method for measuring the London penetration depth, lambda for the high T sub c superconductors. The method uses the broadening of the EPR signal, due to the emergence of the magnetic flux lattice, of a free radical adsorbed on the surface of the sample. The second moment, of the EPR signal below T sub c is fitted to the Brandt equation for a simple triangular lattice. The precision of this method compares quite favorably with those of the more standard methods such as micro sup(+)SR, neutron scattering, and magnetic susceptibility

Effect of image compression on the radiographic diagnosis of external root resorptions

Para avaliar o efeito da compressão JPEG sobre o desempenho no diagnóstico radiográfico de reabsorções radiculares externas, 33 incisivos centrais superiores foram montados em um simulador de tecidos e radiografados. Reabsorções radiculares externas de diferentes tamanhos foram simuladas seqüencialmente nas superfícies proximais de cada dente com brocas esféricas tamanho ¼, ½, 1, 2 e 3. Os dentes foram radiografados antes e após a confecção de cada cavidade. As imagens radiográficas foram digitalizadas, reproduzidas digitalmente e arquivadas no formato JPEG com níveis de compressão 12, 10, 8 e 6. As imagens foram apresentadas aleatoriamente a seis radiologistas que as classificaram quanto à presença de reabsorção de acordo com uma escala de 5 pontos. A compressão JPEG 10 reduziu o tamanho de arquivo em aproximadamente 60%, enquanto que esta redução para os níveis 8 e 6 foram 82% e 85%, respectivamente. A análise pela curva ROC não evidenciou diferenças significativas entre as imagens com diferentes níveis de compressão JPEG para nenhum dos tamanhos de reabsorção. A compressão JPEG nos níveis 12, 10, 8 e 6 resultou em imagens com o mesmo desempenho diagnóstico para reabsorções radiculares externas.To investigate the effect of JPEG image compression on the diagnostic accuracy of external root resorptions, 33 central upper incisors were mounted in a maxilla simulator artifact and radiographed. Sequential external root resorptions of different sizes were simulated on the proximal surfaces of each tooth with 1⁄4, 1⁄2, 1, 2 and 3 round burs. The teeth were radiographed before and after each cavity was drilled. Each radiographic image was digitized, digitally copied and stored as JPEG image files at 12, 10, 8 and 6 compression levels. The images were randomly presented to six radiologists that ranked resorptions on a 5-point confidence scale. The JPEG 10 compression level reduced file size in abou

Noise Pollution: A Multi-Step Approach to Assessing the Consequences of (Not) Validating Search Terms on Automated Content Analyses

Advances in analytical methodologies and an avalanche of digitized data have opened new avenues for (digital) journalism research—and with it, new challenges. One of these challenges concerns the sampling and evaluation of data using (non-validated) search terms in combination with automated content analyses. This challenge has largely been neglected by research, which is surprising, considering that noise slipping in during the process of data collection can generate great methodological concerns. To address this gap, we first offer a systematic interdisciplinary literature review, revealing that the validation of search terms is far from acknowledged as a required standard procedure, both in and beyond journalism research. Second, we assess the consequences of validating search terms, using a multi-step approach and investigating common research topics from the field of (digital) journalism research. Our findings show that careless application of non-validated search terms has its pitfalls: while scattershot search terms can make sense in initial data exploration, final inferences based on insufficiently validated search terms are at higher risk of being obscured by noise. Consequently, we provide a step-by-step recommendation for developing and validating search terms