Metal bioaccumulation in spontaneously grown aquatic macrophytes in Fe-rich substrates of a passive treatment plant for acid mine drainage

Some plants may thrive in polluted environments, accumulating high concentrations of metal/loids in their organs. This study investigates for the first time the bioaccumulation and translocation of metal/loids in Typha domingensis spontaneously grown in extremely Fe-rich substrates (38–44% of Fe2O3) from different components of an acid mine drainage disperse alkaline substrate passive treatment. Most metal/loids were predominantly accumulated in the roots over the aerial parts of the plant, with concentrations of 0.66–9.5% of Fe, 0.02%–0.18% of Al, 55–2589 mg kg-1 of Mg, 51–116 mg kg-1 of Zn, 17–173 mg kg-1 of Cu, and 5.2–50 mg kg-1 of Pb. Bioconcentration factors were mostly below 1 for metal/loids in the studied aneas (e.g. 0.03–0.47 for Cu, 0.10–0.73 for Zn, 0.04–0.28 for As, 0.07–0.55 for Pb, 0.27–055 for Cd, 0.24–0.80 for Ni), which evidences that T. domingensis behaves as an excluder species in these substrates. Translocation factors were below 1 for most elements (e.g. 0.01–0.42 for As, 0.06–0.50 for Pb, 0.24–0.65 for Cd, and 0.10–0.56 for Sb), except for Mn, Ni and in some cases for Tl, Cu and Zn, which indicates limited transfer of metals between plant tissues. Mineralogical and geochemical substrate properties are pointed out as the main factors responsible for the lower bioconcentration and translocation of potentially toxic elements. In addition, the oxidizing conditions existent in the pore water-root system may also limit the mobility of metals from Fe oxides and hydroxysulfates, the main component of the substrate. The formation of a Fe plaque inside the roots may also limit the transfer of metals to the aerial parts. The spontaneous occurrence of T. domingensis in the substrates of the acid mine drainage passive treatments is an environmental indicator of the efficiency of the system and could be used as a complementary polishing step, given the strong tolerance of this plants to high concentrations of metal/loids.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva / CBUA M.D. Basallote thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for the Postdoctoral Fellowship granted under application reference IJC2018-035056-I. C.R C´anovas thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for the Postdoctoral Fellowship granted under application reference RYC2019-027949-I

Cambios estacionales en la fotosíntesis y composición bioquímica en macroalgas árticas.

El aumento de temperatura en el Ártico tiene consecuencias en la fisiología de algas formadoras de bosques marinos, cuya dinámica estacional se desconoce. En este estudio, se ha caracterizado la respuesta fotosintética (mediante fluorescencia de la clorofila a, evolución de O2 y fijación de 14C) y la composición bioquímica (pigmentos, carbohidratos solubles, proteínas solubles, lípidos y C y N totales) de cinco especies comunes de Kongsfjorden (Svalbard).Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Terms of reference for the mediterranean tuna habitat observatory initiative

[EN] We present the Terms of Reference for a case study on a Mediterranean eco-region focusing on the environmental component of the Ecosystem Report Card. The objective of this case study is to describe and monitor the variability of environmental processes in the Mediterranean Sea that affect the ecology of large pelagic fishes, with a particular attention on tunas, and the possible role of climate change on this variability. Here we define the objectives and activities of the initiative, the participant roles, primary indicators and the methodological approach[FR] Ce document présente les termes de référence d’une étude de cas sur une écorégion méditerranéenne consacrée à la composante environnementale de la fiche informative sur les écosystèmes. L'objectif de cette étude de cas est de décrire et de suivre la variabilité des processus environnementaux en mer Méditerranée qui affectent l'écologie des grands poissons pélagiques, en accordant une attention particulière aux thonidés, et de déterminer le rôle possible du changement climatique sur cette variabilité. Nous définissons ici les objectifs et les activités de l'initiative, les rôles des participants, les indicateurs primaires et l'approche méthodologique.[ES] En el documento se presentan los términos de referencia para un estudio de caso sobre una ecorregión mediterránea centrado en el componente medioambiental de la ficha informativa sobre ecosistemas. El objetivo de este estudio de caso es describir y hacer un seguimiento de la variabilidad de los procesos medioambientales en el mar Mediterráneo que afectan a la ecología de los grandes peces pelágicos, con especial atención a los túnidos, y el posible papel del cambio climático en esta variabilidad. A continuación, se definen los objetivos y actividades de la iniciativa, las funciones de los participantes, los indicadores principales y el enfoque metodológico.Peer reviewe

Guía Mexicana de Práctica Clínica de Inmunoterapia 2011

Existen varias guías internacionales para la práctica clínica de in- munoterapia, que aplican solo parcialmente en México. La primera guía mexicana de inmunoterapia data de 1998

El mapa como recurso expresivo y metáfora docente para estudiantes de Bellas Artes, creación de material didáctico mostrado públicamente en la sala de la biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla

A partir del tema propuesto sobre cartografía (el río, la montaña, la rosa de los vientos) y a partir del mapa concreto que facilita de su tesoro cartográfico la Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla, el docente realiza una obra plástica personal que, desde su creatividad artística, actualice el mapa clásico y visible el concepto implícito. Como innovación en recurso educativo en abierto y en enseñanza presencial, docentes y estudiantes han elaborado a partir de sus interpretaciones cartográficas, y en relación con los mapas clásicos, seminarios en campus virtual y páginas web, con la dirección, coordinación y asesoramiento de Carmen Pérez. Como método innovador en la enseñanza presencial, cada docente ha escogido un estudiante de su centro o de otra facultad UCM para que le acompañe en la vitrina destinada a su mapa y concepto. En cada vitrina se establece, como índice el título, un diálogo a través de la Historia. La interpretación del tesoro cartográfico depositado en la Biblioteca Histórica se vivifica y transforma en material docente con la mediación de profesores y profesoras que proponen a estudiantes de sus diferentes cursos que participen en la elaboración de mapas con diferentes técnicas y perspectivas (medalla, altorrelieve, vaciado en el departamento de Escultura y Formación artística, dibujo, grabado, impresión digital, fotografía en los departamentos de Dibujo y Grabado, tipografía, media-art en el de Diseño). El trabajo sobre el mapa como metáfora supone el diseño de una herramienta de aprendizaje para las nuevas generaciones de estudiantes: la exposición pública en la Biblioteca Histórica es una etapa más, con estudiantes actuales, de las realizadas con esta institución en el marco de "diálogos a través de la historia", en la que ya han participado más de 50 docentes y mas de 500 estudiantes desde 2007. El contacto mantenido mediante redes y correos complutenses con "alumni", estudiantes ya egresados participantes en estos proyectos, permite establecer un continuo docente intergeneracional entre alumnas y alumnos de distintas proporciones. El fomento de la inserción laboral y el emprendimiento entre los estudiantes se logra mediante la exposición de sus propuestas en la muestra pública en la Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla, en la que alumnos y alumnas están acompañados por artistas invitados y docentes que les abren las puertas del circuito profesional.UCMBiblioteca Histórica Marqués de ValdecillaDepto. de Dibujo y GrabadoFac. de Bellas ArtesFALSEsubmitte

Impact of treatment and clinical characteristics on the survival of children with medulloblastoma in Mexico

IntroductionData on medulloblastoma outcomes and experiences in low- and middle-income countries, especially in Latin America, is limited. This study examines challenges in Mexico’s healthcare system, focusing on assessing outcomes for children with medulloblastoma in a tertiary care setting.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted, involving 284 patients treated at 21 pediatric oncology centers in Mexico.ResultsHigh-risk patients exhibited markedly lower event-free survival than standard-risk patients (43.5% vs. 78.3%, p<0.001). Influential factors on survival included anaplastic subtype (HR 2.4, p=0.003), metastatic disease (HR 1.9, p=0.001); residual tumor >1.5cm², and lower radiotherapy doses significantly impacted event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Platinum-based chemotherapy showed better results compared to the ICE protocol in terms of OS and EFS, which was associated with higher toxicity. Patients under 3 years old displayed notably lower OS and EFS compared to older children (36.1% vs. 55.9%, p=0.01)

Viabilidad económica de plantaciones superintensivas en Andalucía

En este artículo se avanza en el estudio de las plantaciones superintensivas en el cultivo del olivar, en este caso desde el punto de vista financiero, comparándolas con la experiencia ya demostrada de la viabilidad económica de las plantaciones intensivas. De este modo, se analiza la cuantía de la inversión, los ingresos y costes previstos y los flujos de caja en una plantación con una densidad de 300 olivos/ha, comparando estos datos con los obtenidos en otra con 1904 olivos/ha

Floral developmental failures and ovary size variability in field-grown olive trees under water deficit

Trabajo presentado en el IX International Symposium On Irrigation Of Horticultural Crops, celebrado en Matera (Italia) del 17 al 20 de junio de 2019.In the olive tree, Olea europaea L., flower development constitutes an extensive process which requires two to three months, and includes elongation and branching of the inflorescence axis and the formation of the individual flowers. Container experiments, where water deficit is more easily controlled, have shown reduction of and compensation among parameters such as inflorescence number, flower number, perfect (hermaphroditic) flower number and percentage, and ovule development, related to the timing of the deficit period. With the aim of observing the effect of water deficit in field-grown mature trees, inflorescence and flower development, including histological preparations, were observed in ‘Picual’ olive trees following a winter of severe drought. Sampling of 25 inflorescences around each tree was carried out, inflorescence structure and flower gender observed, and ovule development and ovary size evaluated in histological preparations of pistils. Inflorescence and gender quality parameters were reduced. Ovary size variedwidely, with ovaries distributed in two distinct groups according to size. In the majority of the larger ovaries, 3 or 4 of the total 4 ovules were well differentiated, showing a high potential for fertilization and subsequent fruit set and development. In the small ovaries, however, ovule development was poor, with only 5-10% showing sufficient development to permit fertilization. These observations affirm the necessity of sufficient water in early spring during inflorescence and flower development, and also indicate that inadequate floral development for satisfactory fertilization and fruit set may occur but not be easily visible. The presence of two ovary populations may represent an evolutionary mechanism to provide a few high-quality ovaries to assure sexual reproduction.Peer reviewe

Responses to different irrigation strategies of a traditional and an intensive olive orchard cultivar 'Picual' in Andalusia, Spain

Water availability for irrigation is insufficient to meet the requirements of most Spanish olive-growing areas. An eight year study was conducted to quantify the response of two different olive orchards located in Jaen, Spain, to different deficit irrigation programmes. The results indicate that the response to irrigation depend on the total amount of water supplied to the orchard, but much less on the deficit strategy imposed under the deep soils of high water retention capacity used in the experiments.Peer Reviewe

Seasonal changes in photosynthesis and biochemical composition in Arctic macroalgae undergoing a climatic transition.

Seasonal physiology of algal community in Kongsfjorden ecosystem is expected to be affected by Global Climate Change. We characterized the photosynthetic performance and biochemical composition of five common macroalgal species of Kongsfjorden, from early autumn 2016 to late summer 2017. The studied species were the ochrophytes Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta, the rhodophytes Phycodrys rubens and Ptilota gunneri, and the chlorophyte Monostroma aff. arcticum. Fluorescence results endorsed higher values of maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and electron transport rates (ETRmax) in brown and green species. Decrease in ETRmax and saturation irradiance in brown and green algae in summer suggest more sensitivity to continuous radiation than in rhodophytes. Photosynthetic parameters from O2 measurements showed a better photosynthetic performance of ochrophytes in March, under increasing light conditions, while red and green species did in September. In general, 14C fixation at saturating light was higher in September, except for A. esculenta that was in March. The loss of photosynthetic capacity of macroalgae in summer could be attributed to a decrease in pigment concentration, except for M. arcticum. In August, brown and green species accumulated more soluble carbohydrates, while rhodophytes did in early autumn. In most species lipids presented minimum values in March and proteins did not show a clear pattern. In general, higher N and C contents in March and August, respectively, reveal a seasonal pattern in elemental composition, related to nutrient and light availability along the year. Seasonal responses are species-specific and likely related to their particular adaptive features to Arctic environment.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech