Estimation of Collision Impact Parameter

We demonstrate that the nuclear collision geometry (i.e. impact parameter) can be determined with 1.5 fm accuracy in an event-by-event analysis by measuring the transverse energy flow in the pseudorapidity region $3 \le |\eta| \le 5$ with a minimal dependence on collision dynamics details at the LHC energy scale. Using the HIJING model we have illustrated our calculation by a simulation of events of nucleus-nucleus interactions at the c.m.s energy from 1 up to 5.5 TeV per nucleon and various type of nuclei.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

Biological wastewater treatment in aeration tanks

Development of mathematical model for prediction of output parameters of aeration tank with account of dissolved oxygen, oxygen , sludge, substrate transfer and biological treatment. The mathematical model may be used in predicting the effectiveness of aeration tank under different regimes of work

Barium isotopic composition of mainstream silicon carbides from Murchison : constraints for s-process nucleosynthesis in asymptotic giant branch stars

We present barium, carbon, and silicon isotopic compositions of 38 acid-cleaned presolar SiC grains from Murchison. Comparison with previous data shows that acid washing is highly effective in removing barium contamination. Strong depletions in δ(138Ba/136Ba) values are found, down to −400 permil, which can only be modeled with a flatter 13C profile within the 13C pocket than is normally used. The dependence of δ(138Ba/136Ba) predictions on the distribution of 13C within the pocket in AGB models allows us to probe the 13C profile within the 13C pocket and the pocket mass in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. In addition, we provide constraints on the 22Ne(α,n)25Mg rate in the stellar temperature regime relevant to AGB stars, based on δ(134Ba/136Ba) values of mainstream grains. We found two nominally mainstream grains with strongly negative δ(134Ba/136Ba) values that cannot be explained by any of the current AGB model calculations. Instead, such negative values are consistent with the intermediate neutron capture process (i-process), which is activated by the Very Late Thermal Pulse (VLTP) during the post-AGB phase and characterized by a neutron density much higher than the s-process. These two grains may have condensed around post-AGB stars. Finally, we report abundances of two p-process isotopes, 130Ba and 132Ba, in single SiC grains. These isotopes are destroyed in the s-process in AGB stars. By comparing their abundances with respect to that of 135Ba, we conclude that there is no measurable decay of 135Cs (t1/2= 2.3 Ma) to 135Ba in individual SiC grains, indicating condensation of barium, but not cesium into SiC grains before 135Cs decayed

Feedback control of unstable cellular solidification fronts

We present a numerical and experimental study of feedback control of unstable cellular patterns in directional solidification (DS). The sample, a dilute binary alloy, solidifies in a 2D geometry under a control scheme which applies local heating close to the cell tips which protrude ahead of the other. For the experiments, we use a real-time image processing algorithm to track cell tips, coupled with a movable laser spot array device, to heat locally. We show, numerically and experimentally, that spacings well below the threshold for a period-doubling instability can be stabilized. As predicted by the numerical calculations, cellular arrays become stable, and the spacing becomes uniform through feedback control which is maintained with minimal heating.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl