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Perspectiva de género en las asignaturas Geografía e Historia, Historia e Historia del Arte: análisis y algunas propuestas para el aula

En el presente trabajo se analiza la perspectiva de género a lo largo de las asignaturas de Geografía e Historia, Historia e Historia del Arte de la ESO y Bachillerato. En él se muestra cómo se ha abordado la figura de la mujer, describiendo su situación en el currículo académico de las Ciencias Sociales. Se analizan los problemas y desde cuándo se vienen dando para comprobar el estado de la cuestión, y si ha habido una transformación a lo largo de los años o si este tema se ha mantenido sin cambios dentro de la educación. Por último, se plantean algunas sugerencias de mejoras y propuestas para el aula. Palabras clave: educación, mujer, perspectiva de género, mujeres artistas, currículo, Historia, Historia del Arte. ABSTRACT. In this work we analyse the gender perspective along the subjects History and History of Art. It shows how the figure of woman has been adressed, describing her situation in the academic curriculm of the Social Sciences of Compulsory Secondary Education and Baccalaureate. We will analyse the problems and from when they has been occurring to see if there has been a transformation over the years or if this issue has remained unchanged within education. Finally, we raise some suggestions for improvements and some proposals for the classroom. Key words: education, woman, gender perspective, women artists, curriculum, History, History of Art.<br /

High performance and small footprint spot size converters based on SWG metamaterial lenses

Spot size converters with high expansion ratio are required in a variety of situations. This is the case of non-focusing Silicon on Insulator (SOI) fiber-to-chip grating couplers, which typically require long adiabatic tapers (Ltaper >100μm) from the narrow single-mode waveguides (WSi-wire ~ 500nm) to the wide grating region (Wgrating ~ 15μm). Here, we explore the potential of subwavelength grating (SWG) dielectric metamaterials to implement integrated GRaded INdex (GRIN) lenses to expand the mode field. Our designs achieve the desired Beam Expansion (BE) with insertion losses below 1dB over a distance of only LBE ~ 17μm.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Programa Estatal de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad (cofinanciado FEDER), (TEC2016-80718-R); Universidad de Málaga. Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (MECD) (FPU16/06121); Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Scientific knowledge and conservation policies : interrelationships in the Spanish livestock autochthonous endangered breeds

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las relaciones entre el conocimiento científico y los principales factores que determinan el grado de amenaza de las razas autóctonas españolas en peligro de extinción. Se utilizaron los datos oficiales del conjunto de razas españolas en peligro de extinción durante el período 2009-2013, y la producción científica y divulgativa de cada raza, recopilada a partir de Web of Science y Google para el período 1950-2012. Las razas fueron clasificadas según su riesgo de extinción con base en criterios demográficos durante el período 2009-2013. Los resultados han mostrado que el riesgo de extinción es elevado en más de la mitad de las razas, moderado en el 12,4% y crítico en el 36,1%. Los mayores niveles de riesgo correspondieron a razas concentradas en pequeñas áreas, con poblaciones y rebaños de menor tamaño, y reconocimiento oficial más reciente. La producción científica en el área de genética ha sido significativamente superior en las razas con mayor riesgo de extinción, mientras que los aspectos productivos y productos han sido más estudiados en las razas con menor riesgo de extinción. La divulgación de aspectos zootécnicos y sistemas de producción, producciones y productos ha sido significativamente mayor en las situaciones de menor riesgo de extinción. Por todo ello, se recomienda que las políticas de conservación concentren sus apoyos en una fase inicial relativa al estudio y caracterización racial basada en aspectos genéticos y una segunda fase centrada en el incremento del conocimiento y divulgación de las características productivas y de los sistemas de producción.The aim of this study was to analyse the progress and current status of endangered autochthonous Spanish breeds exploring relationships between the main factors that determine the degree of endangered and the scientific and technical production related to the breed. The status of each breed was determined from official data published by Ministry of Agriculture during 2009-2013. The scientific and disclosure production related to each breed was collected from Web of Science and Google for 1950-2012. Each breed was classified according to its risk of extinction, based on demographic criteria and the annual growth rate of the population during 2009-2013. Results showed the risk of extinction was high in approximately the half of breeds, intermediate in 12.4% and very high in 36.1%. The highest levels of extinction risk corresponded to breed with recent official recognition and spread in small areas, with reduced population and herds of small size. Scientific literature on genetics has been significantly higher in breeds at greatest risk of extinction, while productive issues and products have been significantly studied most intensively in breeds with less risk of extinction. The disclosure literature on zootechnical issues and production systems has been significantly higher in breeds at lower risk of extinction. Therefore, it is recommended conservation policies focus, in a first stage, on genetic aspects and breed features, and secondly on productive issues and production systems.Fil: Perea, José. Universidad de Córdoba (España)Fil: Barba, Cecilio. Universidad de Córdoba (España)Fil: Luque, Manuel. Federación Española de Asociaciones de Ganado SelectoFil: González, Ana. Universidad de Córdoba (España)Fil: Angón, Elena. Universidad de Córdoba (España)Fil: García, Antón. Universidad de Córdoba (España

Systemic comparison of dielectric and plasmonic biosensors on a silicon photonics platform

Plasmonic and dielectric based waveguides are widely used for biosensing applications. However, the use of different sensing architectures and platforms hinders the fair comparison of their respective figures of merit. In this paper, plasmonic and dielectric-based photonic waveguide biosensors are compared in terms of attainable limit of detection, using in both cases a coherent-readout interferometric architectureUniversidad de Málaga; Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (MECD) (FPU16/06762); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN) (PRE2020-096438, PID2019-106747RB-I00); Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad (CECEU) (UMA18-FEDERJA-219, PY18-793); Consejería de Salud y Familia (CSF) (PIN-0113-2020), Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Historic Public Paths in rural areas: Engine of development and origin of new conflicts

Purpose: In this article, the authors analyse a complex social process affecting historic public paths in rural areas in southern Spain. Despite the fact that urban populations are demanding the enhancement of this type of natural heritage for tourism, sports and recreational use, some parts of the network have been abandoned or usurped. Design/methodology/approach: The study is multidisciplinary, comprising three interlinked studies. The cartographic study comprises an inventory of public paths in rural areas based on administrative sources. The legal study analyses local, regional and national regulations governing agricultural, environmental, heritage, sports and tourism uses of the infrastructure. The sociological study analyses social discourses on the uses of public paths, and identifies conflicts between farmers, landowners, environmentalists, sportspeople and tourists. Findings: The preliminary results identified an important public paths network in Andalusia, approximately 160,000 km. The legal study found that there are laws regulating use, although local authorities do not monitor compliance or provide solutions to enhance management. The sociological study determined the attribution of environmental, cultural and economic value to public paths, but also the existence of conflicts between rural and urban populations. Research limitations/implications: Given that this is ongoing research, only state of the art and some preliminary albeit sufficiently consistent results are presented. Practical implications: The results could help to guide public policy and governance of public paths. Social implications: Public paths promote rural development and a green/sustainable economy. Originality/value: The research results and conclusions are original

Designing anisotropy with waveguide subwavelength structures

Silicon sub-wavelength structures have become a versatile design tool for practical, high-performance integrated optical devices, ranging from highly efficient grating couplers to ultra-broadband beam-splitters. Recently, some of the basic anisotropic properties of these structures have been proposed for advance device design. Here we explore these properties in detail, from the underlying physics to emerging applications in on-chip polarization management.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Programa Estatal de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad (cofinanciado FEDER), Proyectos TEC2016-80718-R, TEC2015-71127-C2-1-R (FPI scholarship BES-2016-077798), and IJCI-2016-30484, the Community of Madrid (S2013/MIT-2790), the Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech, the EMPIR program (JRP-i22 14IND13 Photind), co-financed by the participating countries and the European Union’s 2020 research and innovation program, and the Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant No. 734331

Designing polarization management devices by tilting subwavelength grating structures

Subwavelength gratings (SWG) are periodic structures which behave as controllable homogeneous metamaterials. SWGs are extremely interesting when they are used in platforms with a limited choice of material refractive indices, enabling the design of a myriad of high-performance devices. Here we present a novel technique to gain control over the intrinsic anisotropy of the synthesized metamaterial. We show that tilting the silicon segments in a SWG structure mainly affects the in-plane (TE) modes, with little impact on the out-of-plane (TM) modes. Moreover, we present a methodology to quickly but accurately calculate the modes of a tilted periodic structure modeling the structure as a rotated uniaxial crystal which can be solved with an anisotropic mode solver. Measurements on a set of fabricated tilted SWG waveguides validate our simulation results. By using the presented technique, we design a polarization beam splitter based on a 2x2 multimode interferometer. The design is based on the optimization of the tilting angle to tone the beat length of the TE modes to be a half of the beat length of the TM modes.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) (IJCI-2016-30484, TEC2015-71127-C2-R, TEC2016-80718-R); Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (MECD) (FPU16/06762); European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); Comunidad de Madrid (SINFOTON-CM S2013/MIT-2790); European Association of National Metrology Institutes (EURAMET) (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015:SENSIBLE, JRP-i22 14IND13 Photind)

Design of arbitrary optical filters in silicon-on-insulator using evanescently-coupled Bragg gratings

Spectral filters are experiencing an increasing demand in several applications of the silicon- on-insulator (SOI) platform. Many works have demonstrated that arbitrary frequency responses can be synthesized by apodizing the coupling coefficient profile of an integrated Bragg grating. However, the high index contrast of the SOI platform hinders their practical implementation, due to the difficulty of achieving the precise control required in the Bragg strength. In this paper, we propose the implementation of spectral filters using an architecture based on placing loading segments within the evanescent field region of a photonic wire waveguide. The Bragg coupling coefficient can be accurately controlled by simply moving the segments away from, or closer to, the waveguide core. The layerpeeling algorithm, in conjunction with a Floquet-Bloch modal analysis, allows to determine the spatial distribution of the segments that synthesizes the desired spectrum. The proposed topology is verified by designing a filter with five arbitrary passbands.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Pyrolysis kinetics of ethylene-propylene (EPM) and ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM)

The thermal degradation kinetics of several ethylene-propylene copolymers (EPM) and ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymers (EPDM), with different chemical compositions, have been studied by means of the combined kinetic analysis. Until now, attempts to establish the kinetic model for the process have been unsuccessful and previous reports suggest that a model other than a conventional nth order might be responsible. Here, a random scission kinetic model, based on the breakage and evaporation of cleavaged fragments, is found to describe the degradation of all compositions studied. The suitability of the kinetic parameters resulting from the analysis has been asserted by successfully reconstructing the experimental curves. Additionally, it has been shown that the activation energy for the pyrolysis of the EPM copolymers decreases by increasing the propylene content. An explanation for this behavior is given. A low dependence of the EPDM chemical composition on the activation energy for the pyrolysis has been reported, although the thermal stability is influenced by the composition of the diene used.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CTQ2011-27626Junta de Andalucía TEP-785