22 research outputs found

    Consumo problemático de sustancias : una mirada desde el trabajo social

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    Trabajo Final para optar al Grado Académico de Licenciatura en Trabajo Social, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 2018.Fil: Loyola, María Lourdes, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Licenciatura en Trabajo Social; Argentina.Fil: Peralta, Carolina, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Licenciatura en Trabajo Social; Argentina.Como parte de la práctica pre profesional, nos inserta,os en el Instituto de Alcoholismo y Drogadicción, en adelante IPAD, ubicado en la calle Avenida Arenales 191 de Barrio Juniors, dependiendo de la Provincia de Córdoba. La problemática abordada es la escasa autonom+ia de los sujetos con consumo problemático de sustancias, que dificulta el proceso de reinserción social. Teniendo como objetivo el fortalecimiento de la autonomía en el proceso de externación, consideramos fundamental los espacios laborales, recreativos y de reflexión con que cuentan las personas que reciben tratamiento en el IPAD. Nos proponemos trabajar la articulación del IPAD con instituciones públicas, ONGs, y fundaciones que brindan cursos, capacitaciones, entre otros. Por otro lado, se plantea generar espacios de reflexión y escucha dentro de la institución con los sujetos que se encuentran próximos a la externación, lo que lleva a favorecer la intervención dentro de la institución para propiciar una reinserción social exitosa.Fil: Loyola, María Lourdes, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Licenciatura en Trabajo Social; Argentina.Fil: Peralta, Carolina, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Licenciatura en Trabajo Social; Argentina

    Out-Of-Pocket Expenditures on Dental Care for Schoolchildren Aged 6 to 12 Years: A Cross-Sectional Estimate in a Less-Developed Country Setting

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    Aim: The objective of this study was to estimate the Out-Of-Pocket Expenditures (OOPEs) incurred by households on dental care, as well as to analyze the sociodemographic, economic, and oral health factors associated with such expenditures. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 763 schoolchildren in Mexico. A questionnaire was distributed to parents to determine the variables related to OOPEs on dental care. The amounts were updated in 2017 in Mexican pesos and later converted to 2017 international dollars (purchasing power parities-PPP US ).Multivariatemodelswerecreated:alinearregressionmodel(whichmodeledtheamountofOOPEs),andalogisticregressionmodel(whichmodeledthelikelihoodofincurringOOPEs).Results:TheOOPEsondentalcareforthe763schoolchildrenwerePPPUS). Multivariate models were created: a linear regression model (which modeled the amount of OOPEs), and a logistic regression model (which modeled the likelihood of incurring OOPEs). Results: The OOPEs on dental care for the 763 schoolchildren were PPP US 53,578, averaging a PPP of US 70.2±123.7perchild.DisbursementsfortreatmentweretheprincipalitemwithintheOOPEs.ThefactorsassociatedwithOOPEswerethechildsage,numberofdentalvisits,previousdentalpain,mainreasonfordentalvisit,educationallevelofmother,typeofhealthinsurance,householdcarownership,andsocioeconomicposition.Conclusions:TheaveragecostofdentalcarewasPPPUS70.2 ± 123.7 per child. Disbursements for treatment were the principal item within the OOPEs. The factors associated with OOPEs were the child's age, number of dental visits, previous dental pain, main reason for dental visit, educational level of mother, type of health insurance, household car ownership, and socioeconomic position. Conclusions: The average cost of dental care was PPP US 70.2 ± 123.7. Our study shows that households with higher school-aged children exhibiting the highest report of dental morbidity-as well as those without insurance-face the highest OOPEs. An array of variables were associated with higher expenditures. In general, higher-income households spent more on dental care. However, the present study did not estimate unmet needs across the socioeconomic gradient, and thus, future research is needed to fully ascertain disease burden

    Gingival recession and associated factors in a homogeneous Mexican adult male population : a cross-sectional study

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    Background: Diverse variables are implicated in the pathogenesis of gingival recession; more detailed knowledge about the relationship between the clinical presentation of gingival recession and assorted risk indicators may lead to improved patient monitoring, early intervention, and subsequent prevention. The objective was to evaluate clinically gingival recession in a homogeneous Mexican adult male population and to determine the strength of association with related factors. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a largely homogeneous group in terms of ethnic background, socioeconomic status, gender, occupation, and medical/dental insurance, in Campeche, Mexico. Periodontal examinations were undertaken to determine diverse clinical dental variables. All periodontal clinical examinations were assessed using the Florida Probe System, a dental chair and one examiner. Questionnaires were used to collect diverse risk indicators. Statistical analyses were undertaken with negative binomial regression models. Results: The mean number of sites with gingival recession per subject was 6.73±5.81; the prevalence was 87.6%. In the negative binomial regression model we observed that for (i) each year of age, and (ii) each percentage unit of increase in sites with plaque, and (iii) with suppuration, mean sites with gingival recession increased 2.9%, 1.0% and 13.0%, respectively. Having a spouse was associated with gingival recession. Conclusions: We observed association between gingival recession, and sociodemographic and clinical parameters. Patients need to be educated about risk indicators for gingival recession as well as the preventive maneuvers that may be implemented to minimize its occurrence. The potential of improved oral self-care to prevent a largely benign condition such as gingival recession is important, given the associated disorders that may ensue root exposure, such as root caries and root hypersensitivity

    Influencia de variables predisponentes, facilitadoras y de necesidades sobre la utilización de servicios de salud bucal en adolescentes mexicanos en un medio semirrural

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    Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue identificar las variables predisponentes, facilitadoras y de necesidades de salud que influyen sobre las visitas al dentista que realizan adolescentes mexicanos. Material y Métodos: Se trata de un estudio de diseño transversal analítico en el que se incluyeron 1,538 adolescentes mexicanos de 12 y 15 años de edad. La variable dependiente fue la utilización de servicios de salud bucal (USSB) en el año previo al estudio. Los datos fueron recogidos a través de un cuestionario e incluyeron variables sociodemográficas, socioeconómicas y conductuales. El estudio también incluyó un examen clínico bucal. El análisis incluyó estadística no paramétrica y se generó un modelo de regresión logística. Resultados: De los 1538 adolescentes, 688 tenían 12 años de edad y 850 15 años. Las niñas representaron 49.9%. La prevalencia de USSB fue 15%. En el modelo final se asociaron a la USSB (p<0.05) haber cambiado de residencia donde se nació (RM=1.24), comprar agua purificada para consumo en lugar de usar agua intra-domiciliaria (RM=1.52), mejor escolaridad de la madre (RM=1.39) y del padre (RM=1.87), así como el número de dientes sanos (RM=0.96) y tener al menos un diente con caries (RM=1.10). Conclusiones: El porcentaje de sujetos con USSB en el último año fue bajo comparado con otros estudios. Nuestra cuantificación de las variables indicadoras muestran que algunas se encuentran asociadas a la USSB (predominantemente las de posición socioeconómica), lo que indica la existencia de desigualdades en salud bucal y la necesidad de establecer estrategias para reducir las brechas observadas

    Guía Mexicana para el Diagnóstico y el Tratamiento de la Urticaria

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    La urticaria es una enfermedad que padece una quinta parte de la población en algún momento de su vida. Las guías inter- nacionales recientes han propuesto unos cambios de fondo en su diagnóstico y tratamiento, por lo que había la necesidad de crear una guía nacional y multidisciplinaria, con base amplia en los gremios de especialistas y médicos de primer contacto en México. ABSTRACT Urticaria is a disease that a fifth of the population shall suffer once in a lifetime. Recent clinical guidelines have proposed some fundamental changes in the diagnosis and treatment of urticaria, making the development of a national, multidisciplinary guideline, with wide acceptability among different professional groups –both specialists and primary health care workers–, necessary in Mexico

    Ciencia Odontológica 2.0

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    Libro que muestra avances de la Investigación Odontológica en MéxicoEs para los integrantes de la Red de Investigación en Estomatología (RIE) una enorme alegría presentar el segundo de una serie de 6 libros sobre casos clínicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE está integrada por cuerpos académicos de la UAEH, UAEM, UAC y UdeG

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    Subgingival Microbiota of Mexicans with Type 2 Diabetes with Different Periodontal and Metabolic Conditions

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    Background: Type-2-Diabetes (T2D) and Periodontitis are major inflammatory diseases. However, not much is known about the specific subgingival microbiota in Mexicans with diabetes and metabolic dysbiosis. The aim of this study was to describe the subgingival microbiota of Mexicans with T2D and the different periodontal and metabolic conditions, through &ldquo;Checkerboard&rdquo; DNA&ndash;DNA hybridization. Methods: Subjects were divided into two groups&mdash;periodontal-health (PH) (PH_non-T2D; n = 59, PH_T2D; n = 14) and generalized-periodontitis (GP) (GP_non-T2D; n = 67, GP_T2D; n = 38). Obesity (BMI &ge; 30 kg/m2) and serum levels of glycated-hemoglobin (HbA1c), total-lipids, triglycerides, total-cholesterol, high-density-lipids, and low-density-lipids were measured for the T2D individuals. Subgingival microbial identification was processed for 40 species through DNA-probes. Results: Subjects with T2D harbored significantly higher mean total levels (PH: p &lt; 0.001, and GP_NS), a lower proportion of &ldquo;red&rdquo; complex (GP: p &lt; 0.01), a higher proportion of &ldquo;yellow&rdquo; (GP; p &lt; 0.001), and &ldquo;orange&rdquo; (GP; p &lt; 0.01) complex than the non-T2D. GP_T2D individuals exhibited a greater proportion of putative-species&mdash;Campylobacter gracilis and S. constellatus (p &lt; 0.001), and Parvimonas micra and Prevotella nigrescens (p &lt; 0.01), than GP_non-T2D. T2D individuals with HbA1c &gt; 8% had presented significantly higher mean pocket-depth and higher levels of G. morbillorum (p &lt; 0.05) and those with obesity or dyslipidemia harbored higher levels, prevalence, or proportion of Streptococcus sp., Actinomyces sp., and Capnocytophaga sp. Conclusions: T2D individuals harbored a particular microbial profile different to non-T2D microbiota. Metabolic control was related to dysbiosis of microbiota&mdash;HbA1c&gt;8% related to periodontitis and obesity or dyslipidemia with the predominance of saccharolytic bacteria, irrespective of their periodontal condition
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