COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing : economic, psychological, family, and technological effects

Introduction: The concept of social isolation is currently understood as a measure of epidemiological containment that aims to reduce the speed of spread of the disease, enabling health services to prepare their resources to cope with the likely increase in demand, while also seeking to provide additional protection to groups considered to be at higher risk. Objective: The present narrative review aims to compile and synthesize the literature related to social isolation produced during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Method: This study is a narrative review of the literature on social isolation in the context of the COVID19 pandemic. Results: 73 publications were included for full-text reading and were classified into the following categories: levels of social isolation, economic effects, family relationships, health system, mental health of the population, and use of technology. Conclusions: It is necessary to plan an escalation of responses to the consequences of the pandemic, especially in view of the increased demand on the health sector and social services. The negative effects of social isolation can be prevented by public policies that offer a response to the economic recession, maintenance of social work, encouragement of quality care in mental health services, and community support for vulnerable families

Bacillus subtilis as a growth promoter inoculant on soybean plants in field / Bacillus subtilis como inoculante promotor de crescimento em plantas de soja em campo

The use of microorganisms as a plant growth promoter such as Bacillus subtilis is an alternative that may provide benefits to soybean cultivation, improved development, and productivity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the biomass and productivity of soybean inoculated by Bacillus subtilis Bs10 cultivated in field, in Gurupi, Tocantins, in the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons. Four treatments inoculated with liquid formulation based on Bacillus subtilis Bs10 were carried out in different doses (100, 200, 300 and 400 ml for 50 kg of seeds) and compared to a commercial product based on B. subtilis (positive control) and a non-inoculated treatment (absolute control). Inoculation by B. subtilis Bs10 positively influenced biomass, stand maintenance and yield of soybean under field conditions in both harvests. These yields were 26.6% (200 mL) and 31.8% (300 mL) higher than the absolute control treatment for a 2015/2016 seasons and between 10.8 and 15.43% for a 2016/2017 seasons. Thus, there were significant results from the dose tested 200 mL of inoculant per 50 kg of seed. The strain of B. subtilis Bs10 can be recommended as plant growth promoting inoculant in soybean

O USO DE FERRAMENTAS DE ESTUDO AUTÔNOMO PARA CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NO ENSINO SUPERIOR CONECTADO

Quais as principais dificuldades levantadas pelos estudantes para a gestão do seu tempo e da sua autonomia para a construção do próprio conhecimento por meio de ferramentas de estudo autônomo? Esta pesquisa buscou responder a esta pergunta e a entender como os estudantes gerenciam seu tempo, se motivam a desenvolver estudos de forma autônoma e como os educadores, mediadores na construção deste conhecimento, lidam com estas ferramentas, culminando com o objetivo geral desta pesquisa que é entender como as ferramentas de estudo autônomo podem contribuir para a formação do estudante em cursos de graduação. O campo de aplicação foi o Centro Universitário Celso Lisboa - Escola de Negócios, IES situada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, onde a metodologia de ensino é suportada por três pilares básicos: roteiros de aprendizagem, situações de aprendizagem e aprendizagem baseada em projetos. Foram entrevistados 87 estudantes e 20 educadores, por meio de questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas que buscavam traçar um perfil dos estudantes e educadores e um diagnóstico em relação ao problema proposto. Concluiu-se, entre outras percepções, a elevação do nível de maturidade dos estudantes, o cultivo de velhos hábitos e a eficácia da proposta, dentre outras análises que serão apresentadas neste relato de pesquisa

Abscisic acid on the quality of tomato fruits

The use of abscisic acid (ABA) in agriculture has increased in the last few years due to the increase in ABA commercial availability at lower costs. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of exogenous ABA on tomato fruit quality parameters such as soluble solids (SS), total and soluble pectins, titratable acidity (TA) and flesh firmness. Tomatoes from the cultivar ‘Santa Clara’ were the study followed a complete randomized block desig, with four treatments in five repetitions. The treatments were plants not treated with ABA (control), foliar sprayed with ABA at 500 mg L-1, 150 mL drench with ABA at 500 mg L-1, or foliar plus drench treated with ABA. After harvesting, the physicochemical characteristics of the fruits were evaluated in the laboratory. All treatments were weekly applied to the plants from anthesis to harvest at fully maturity. Root treatment increased SS by up to 26.12%, increased ratio SS/TA, firmness and decreased soluble pectin. According to the results, it can be concluded that the application of ABA to leaves and roots can improve fruit quality by increasing the SS, ratio SS/TA. The method of application affects the SS content

Habilidades interpessoais na atuação do psicólogo

The interpersonal skills are essential to the professional work of the psychologists. However, the results researches have shown deficits in the social skills repertoire of Psychology undergraduate students at the beginning and at the end of the course. This result suggests that Psychology undergraduate courses do not promote social skills development. This research investigated the opinion of Psychology professionals about the interpersonal skills in relation to their profession. A sample of 74 professionals of a medium town of Minas Gerais, Brazil, participated in this research, answering a questionnaire to evaluate the level of importance and competence of 51 interpersonal skills. The results showed that 39 of these skills were classified as high or maximum importance. There was a significant correlation between the levels of importance and the competence scores. The competence level reported by the subjects in each interpersonal skill was lower than the importance level attributed to the referred interpersonal skills. There were differences in the hierarchy of importance attributed to the skills, according to the theoretical orientation of the psychologists and their academic degree. It is concluded that the interpersonal skills are important for Psychology Professionals, pointing to the need to teach these skills in undergraduate Psychology courses.   Keywords: interpersonal skills; psychologists; undergraduate student.A habilidade de interagir com as pessoas é fundamental para o exercício da profissão de psicólogo. Estudos com estudantes de Psicologia, entretanto, apontaram déficits no seu repertório de habilidades interpessoais, tanto para alunos de início quanto de final do curso. Esses dados sugerem que os cursos de Psicologia não contemplam a formação dessas habilidades. Esta pesquisa investigou a opinião de profissionais de Psicologia sobre as habilidades interpessoais na sua atuação profissional. Participaram da pesquisa 74 psicólogos do interior de Minas Gerais, que responderam a um questionário sobre o grau de importância e de domínio de 51 habilidades interpessoais. Os resultados mostraram que, dentre estas, 39 foram consideradas de muita ou máxima importância. Obteve-se uma correlação significativa entre o grau de importância e de domínio das habilidades interpessoais. O grau de domínio mostrou-se inferior ao da importância atribuída às habilidades interpessoais. Houve diferença na ordem de importância atribuída às habilidades, em função da abordagem teórica e da formação acadêmica. Conclui-se que estas habilidades são importantes para a atuação profissional dos psicólogos, o que aponta para a necessidade de desenvolvê-las no curso de Psicologia. Palavras-chave: habilidades interpessoais; psicólogos; atuação profissional

Biomass efficiency and productivity of soybean inoculated with Trichoderma / Eficiência de biomassa e produtividade de soja inoculada com Trichoderma

This work aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the product TrichoPlus (Trichoderma asperellum) as a plant growth promoter in soybean and the productive performance at the field in a floodplain in the municipality of Formoso do Araguaia, Tocantins, Brazil. Four treatments with different doses of the TrichoPlus product (2, 4, 6 and 8 g per kg of seeds) were used in the experiment, plus two treatments being a positive control with a commercial product based on Trichoderma asperellum and an absolute control (without inoculation). Biomass, stand and productivity data were evaluated. For the treatment with the TrichoPlus product, a powder formulation was used, with active ingredient based on Trichoderma asperellum 201, formulated with a minimum concentration of 2 x108 UFC g-1, having graphite in the composition as inert, being applied directly to the seeds before planting, aiming better adherence and protection of the Trichoderma in direct contact with the seed and protection right after planting. Significant results were observed for the treatments with different doses of TrichoPlus in the characteristics of biomass, stand maintenance and productivity. The best dose for productivity was achieved in 5.1 g kg-1 of seed, with gains 12.6 and 6.0% higher compared with the absolute control and positive control treatments, proving its effectiveness in promoting plant growth and, consequently, in the productivity, in the cultivation in floodplain soil

REVISITANDO O CUIDADO EM SAÚDE: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA / NEW LOOK AT THE HEALTH CARE: LITERATURE REVIEW

Introdução: O cuidado é atitude, característica e necessidade própria do ser humano. Cuidadores em saúde (profissional ou não), estão suscetíveis a adoecer e sofrerem suas implicações biopsicossociais. Muitos trabalhos enfatizam a importância do cuidado com a saúde do cuidador familiar, entretanto, poucos são direcionados para o profissional de saúde enquanto pessoa que cuida e demanda cuidados. Objetivo: Realizar levantamento bibliográfico sobre o cuidar e as conseqüências para aquele que cuida, enfocando sobre saúde e estresse profissional. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e bibliográfico em revistas e artigos científicos, sites especializados e livros técnicos sobre o tema. Resultados: O cuidado como profissão requer atenção quanto às experiências, muitas vezes antagônicas, vivenciadas. Os profissionais de saúde convivem com dor e sofrimento humano, doença e morte em suas rotinas laborais. Além disso, a nível hospitalar, possuem carga horária de trabalho excessiva e tem contato constante com situações limites de tensão e perigo de vida para si e para os outros. Assim, associando-se o comprometimento laboral e estresse crônico, o cuidador profissional pode desenvolver a Síndrome de Burnout, caracterizada por sinais e sintomas de ordem física e emocional, identificada por três elementos: Exaustão, Despersonalização e Baixo rendimento profissional. Esta síndrome tem implicações na saúde dos cuidadores em si e naquele que é cuidado. Conclusão: Pesquisas sobre a saúde dos cuidadores em saúde precisam ser estimuladas a fim de que se direcionem as políticas assistências à saúde destes profissionais.Palavras-chave: Cuidados em saúde. Cuidadores. Estresse profissional.AbstractIntroduction: Care is attitude, character and need as a human being. Health caregivers (professional or otherwise), characters - key health - disease process, are likely to suffer illness and biopsychosocial implications. Many studies stress the importance of health care of the family caregiver, however, few are directed to health professionals as a person who cares and demands care. Objective: literature on caring and the consequences for those who care, focusing on health and professional stress. Methods: This descriptive study and bibliographical and scientific articles in magazines, websites and specialized technical books on the subject. Results: The profession requires careful attention as to the experiences, often antagonistic, experienced. Health professionals live with pain and human suffering, disease and death in their daily work. In addition, the hospital level, have excessive workload and has constant contact with extreme situations of tension and danger of life for themselves and others. So, associating the work and commitment chronic stress, the caregiver can develop the professional Burnout Syndrome, characterized by signs and symptoms of physical and emotional, identified by three elements: exhaust you, depersonalization and low employment income. This syndrome has implications for the health of caregivers themselves and the one which is taken care of. Conclusion: Research on the health of caregivers in healthcare need to be encouraged to ensure that policies are to target assistance to the health of these professionals.Keywords: health care. Caregivers. Professional stress