Programa d’educació emocional per a persones adultes

Màster en Educació Emocional i Benestar, Facultat de Pedagogia, Departament de Mètodes d’Investigació i Diagnòstic en Educació, Universitat de Barcelona, curs: 2010-2011, Tutor/Tutora: Núria Pérez EscodaLa publicació presenta una proposta d’intervenció d’educació emocional dirigida a un grup d’alumnes i personal docent, que identifica en el grup algunes persones desanimades perquè es troben en situació d’atur i amb un sentiment de preocupació pel fet d’haver d’afrontar els estudis i els exàmens després de molt de temps sense estudiar

CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins are key regulators of human type two deiodinase expression in a placenta cell line

An appropriate concentration of intracellular T(3) is a critical determinant of placenta development and function and is mainly controlled by the activity of type II deiodinase (D2). The levels of this enzyme are finely regulated in different tissues by coordinated transcriptional mechanisms, which rely on dedicated promoter sequences (e.g. cAMP response element and TATA elements) that impart inducibility and tissue specificity to Dio2 mRNA expression. Here we show that CCAAT enhancer-binding proteins α and β (C/EBPα and C/EBPβ) promote Dio2 expression in the trophoblastic cell line JEG3 through a conserved CCAAT element, which is a novel key component of the Dio2 promoter code that confers tissue-specific expression of D2 in these cells. Increased C/EBPs levels potently induce Dio2 transcription, whereas their ablation results in loss of Dio2 mRNA. By measuring the activity of several deletion and point mutant promoter constructs, we have identified the functional CCAAT element responsible for this effect, which is located in close proximity to the most 5' TATA box. Notably, this newly identified sequence is highly conserved throughout the species and binds in vivo and in vitro C/EBP, indicating the relevance of this regulatory mechanism. Together, our results unveil a novel mechanism of regulation of D2 expression in a trophoblastic cell line, which may play a relevant role during placenta development

Boom agrícola y persistencia de la pobreza rural en Argentina

El presente capítulo realiza un análisis de la evolución de la pobreza rural en Argentina desde 1991 a 2006, a partir de las diversas fuentes de información disponibles. Este período se caracteriza por importantes cambios en el sector agrícola, entre los que se destaca la explosiva expansión de la agricultura en gran parte del territorio nacional, liderada por el cultivo de la soja. Este “boom agrícola” ha sido el resultado de importantes cambios tecnológicos y organizativos que se traducen en un ahorro de mano de obra y una importante reducción de costos. Entre estos, se destaca la adopción a gran escala de la siembra directa y los llamados “pools de siembra”, que permiten reunir recursos en un mismo esquema de inversión. En los últimos años, el sector también se ha visto favorecido por el aumento de los precios internacionales y la ventaja competitiva derivada de la fuerte devaluación del peso argentino tras la crisis de 2001-2002. Cabe destacar que este proceso ha desencadenado una fuerte puja distributiva por la apropiación del excedente agrícola. Como consecuencia del anuncio, en marzo de 2008, de la introducción de un nuevo esquema de retenciones móviles a la exportación de granos, ha emergido un fuerte conflicto entre las distintas organizaciones representantes del sector agropecuario, agrupadas en la autodenominada “mesa de enlace”, y el gobierno nacional. Luego de varios meses de intensas confrontaciones, incluida la renuncia del entonces ministro de economía, la medida finalmente no fue aprobada por el Senado de la Nación y el gobierno dio marcha atrás. Sin embargo, esto destapó una serie de reclamos subyacentes del sector que aún persisten y que se han visto incrementados por el actual contexto de crisis mundial y retracción de los precios internacionales. En este marco, el propósito de este trabajo es intentar captar las importantes transformaciones ocurridas en la estructura social rural argentina y, en particular, en la pobreza, como consecuencia de las significativas transformaciones de la matriz productiva del país.Trabajo publicado en José Graziano da Silva, Sergio Gómez E. y Rodrigo Castañeda S. (eds.). Boom agrícola y persistencia de la pobreza rural. Estudio de ocho casos.Centro de Estudios Distributivos, Laborales y Sociales (CEDLAS

Inhalation of growth factors and apo-transferrin to protect and repair the hypoxic-ischemic brain

Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage is a major contributor to chronic neurological dysfunction and acute mortality in infants as well as in adults. In this review, we summarize recent publications demonstrating that the intranasal administration (INA) of apo-transferrin (aTf) and different growth factors provides neuroprotection to the mouse and rat brain after a hypoxic-ischemic event. The intranasal delivery of growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been found to improve neurological function and reduce infarct size in adult rats after a hypoxic-ischemic event. On the other hand, INA of aTf and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were effective in reducing white matter damage and inflammation and in promoting the proliferation and survival of oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPCs) in a model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Therefore, data summarized in this review suggest that INA of growth factors and aTf can be used in combination in clinical treatment in order to protect and repair the hypoxic-ischemic brain.Fil: Guardia Clausi, Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentina. Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School; Estados UnidosFil: Paez, P. M.. State University of New York; Estados UnidosFil: Pasquini, Laura Andrea. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Pasquini, Juana Maria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; Argentin

Effect of integrated fertilization and cover cropping on N2O losses in an irrigated mediterranean maize field

Agronomical and environmental benefits are associated with replacing winter fallow by cover crops (CC). Yet, the effect of this practice on nitrous oxide (N2 O) emissions remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two different CC species (barley and vetch) and fallow on N2O emissions during the CC period and during the following maize cash crop period in an Integrated Soil Fertility management (ISFM) system. We also aimed to study the contribution of synthetic fertilizer and other N sources to N2O emissions through a parallel 15N labelled fertilizer experiment

Los programas sociales y los objetivos de desarrollo del milenio en Argentina

Incluye BibliografíaEste documento estudia los programas sociales existentes en Argentina en 2007 en el contexto de los objetivos de desarrollo del Milenio (ODM), con un doble propósito. Por un lado, presenta una breve revisión de los principales programas de transferencias monetarias en ejecución en Argentina, discutiendo su cobertura parcial y su potencial impacto en los ODM para el país. Por otro lado, se desarrolla una serie de microsimulaciones para obtener un orden de magnitud del impacto potencial que una expansión de los programas de transferencia de ingreso existentes podría tener en la consecución de algunas de estas metas. La simulación de un programa de transferencias condicionadas de amplia cobertura en Argentina demostró que este tipo de iniciativas podría tener un impacto fuerte y directo sobre el ODM1, que plantea metas de reducción de la indigencia y la pobreza. Asimismo, los requisitos de asistencia escolar podrían contribuir significativamente a alcanzar el ODM2. Por último, la asignación prioritaria de la asistencia monetaria a las mujeres en los hogares beneficiarios incrementaría su participación en los ingresos del hogar, contribuyendo así al ODM3, que plantea promover la igualdad de género y la autonomía de la mujer. La evidencia presentada en este documento señala que los programas focalizados de transferencias condicionadas pueden contribuir a alcanzar algunos de los ODM, pero constituyen solo un elemento que no puede remplazar al conjunto de la política social. Con respecto a estos programas, Argentina se encuentra ante una oportunidad histórica de consolidar una red de protección social permanente a partir de las iniciativas existentes, lo que tendría un impacto significativo en la reducción de la exclusión social y acercaría al país a las metas planteadas en la declaración del Milenio

Atraumatic maxillary sinus elevation using threaded bone dilators for immediate implants. A three-year clinical study

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sinus floor elevation using sequential bone dilators. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients took part in the study (18 women and 12 men) with ages ranging between thirty-six and sixty-three years, selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, who showed a bone deficit in the upper posterior alveolar margin of 5-8 mm in height. Sixty expanded platform internal connection implants were placed with diameters of 4/5/4 mm and lengths varying between 10 (n=10) and 11.5 mm (n= 50). Results: Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 software. The average intra-sinus bone gain with MP3 biomaterial of porcine origin was 4.13 +/- 0.97 SD mm at the moment of implant placement, 3.90 +/- 1.15 SD mm after twelve months, 3.74 +/- 1.05 SD mm after 24 months and 3.62 +/- 1.75 SD mm after 36 months. Two implants were lost at the moment of prosthesis placement. Conclusions: Alveolar lifting technique in the upper maxilla using bone dilators achieved a 96.6 % implant success rate after a three-year follow-up. Intra-sinus bone biomaterial remodeling was 0.51 +/- 0.08 mm from day zero to the thirty-six-month follow-up. This is a procedure that reduces the amount of surgery necessary and is of both aesthetic and functional benefit to the patient

Simplified Model to Survey Tuberculosis Transmission in Countries Without Systematic Molecular Epidemiology Programs

Systematic molecular/genomic epidemiology studies for tuberculosis surveillance cannot be implemented in many countries. We selected Panama as a model for an alternative strategy. Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit–variable-number tandem-repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analysis revealed a high proportion (50%) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates included in 6 clusters (A–F) in 2 provinces (Panama and Colon). Cluster A corresponded to the Beijing sublineage. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) differentiated clusters due to active recent transmission, with low single-nucleotide polymorphism–based diversity (cluster C), from clusters involving long-term prevalent strains with higher diversity (clusters A, B). Prospective application in Panama of 3 tailored strain–specific PCRs targeting marker single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified from WGS data revealed that 31.4% of incident cases involved strains A–C and that the Beijing strain was highly represented and restricted mainly to Colon. Rational integration of MIRU-VNTR, WGS, and tailored strain–specific PCRs could be a new model for tuberculosis surveillance in countries without molecular/genomic epidemiology programsSystematic molecular/genomic epidemiology studies for tuberculosis surveillance cannot be implemented in many countries. We selected Panama as a model for an alternative strategy. Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit–variable-number tandem-repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analysis revealed a high proportion (50%) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates included in 6 clusters (A–F) in 2 provinces (Panama and Colon). Cluster A corresponded to the Beijing sublineage. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) differentiated clusters due to active recent transmission, with low single-nucleotide polymorphism–based diversity (cluster C), from clusters involving long-term prevalent strains with higher diversity (clusters A, B). Prospective application in Panama of 3 tailored strain–specific PCRs targeting marker single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified from WGS data revealed that 31.4% of incident cases involved strains A–C and that the Beijing strain was highly represented and restricted mainly to Colon. Rational integration of MIRU-VNTR, WGS, and tailored strain–specific PCRs could be a new model for tuberculosis surveillance in countries without molecular/genomic epidemiology program

Assessing the role of high-frequency winds and sea ice loss on arctic phytoplankton blooms in an ice-ocean-biogeochemical model

Identificadors digitals: Digital object identifier for the 'European Research Council' (http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000781) and Digital object identifier for 'Horizon 2020' (http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007601)Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu MdM-2015-0552The long-term trend of increasing phytoplankton net primary production (NPP) in the Arctic correlates with increasing light penetration due to sea ice loss. However, recent studies suggest that enhanced stormy wind mixing may also play a significant role enhancing NPP. Here, we isolate the role of sea ice and stormy winds (hereafter high-frequency winds) using an eddy-permitting ice-ocean-biogeochemical model configured for the North Atlantic and the Arctic. In the model, the presence of high-frequency winds stimulates nutrient upwelling by producing an earlier and longer autumn-winter mixing period with deeper mixing layer. The early onset of autumn mixing results in nutrients being brought-up to near-surface waters before the light becomes the dominant limiting factor, which leads to the autumn bloom. The enhanced mixing results in higher nutrient concentrations in spring and thus a large spring bloom. The model also shows significant iron limitation in the Labrador Sea, which is intensified by high-frequency winds. The effect of sea ice loss on NPP was found to be regionally dependent on the presence of high-frequency winds. This numerical study suggests high-frequency winds play significant role increasing NPP in the Arctic and sub-Arctic by alleviating phytoplankton nutrient limitation and that the isolated effect of sea ice loss on light plays a comparatively minor role