Quantum spectrum as a time series : Fluctuation measures

The fluctuations in the quantum spectrum could be treated like a time series. In this framework, we explore the statistical self-similarity in the quantum spectrum using the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and random matrix theory (RMT). We calculate the Hausdorff measure for the spectra of atoms and Gaussian ensembles and study their self-affine properties. We show that DFA is equivalent to $\Delta_3$ statistics of RMT, unifying two different approaches.We exploit this connection to obtain theoretical estimates for the Hausdorff measure.Comment: 4+ pages. 2 figure

Recurso eólico en Las Coloradas, provincia del Neuquén

El objetivo de este trabajo es cuantificar el potencial eólico en la localidad de Las Coloradas y evaluar la posibilidad de instalar aerogeneradores. Los resultados se utilizarán para configurar el subsistema eólico del sistema híbrido eólico-diesel que se quiere instalar. Se utilizaron programas específicos para analizar el viento a escala regional y local. El estudio se plantea en varias etapas dada la imposibilidad de contar con datos medidos del lugar. Para valorar la producción energética se utilizaron aerogeneradores de baja potencia. Las velocidades medias anuales se estimaron a 30 metros y valores superiores a 5 m/s se detectaron en algunos lugares. Las direcciones más energéticas fueron del oeste. Dada la ubicación norte-sur de las turbinas eólicas se logró una alta eficiencia (> 99,6 %) en cada una. El factor de capacidad bruto fue bueno (28 %), indicando la viabilidad de una instalación de este tipo.The aim of this study is to quantify the wind potential in Las Coloradas and to evaluate the possibility of installing wind turbines. The results will be used to configure the wind subsystem, which is a preliminary step to the design of the wind-diesel power system that is expected to install. Specific programs were used to analyze the wind at regional and local scales. The study was developed in various stages due to lack of measured data at the site. Low-power wind turbines were employed to evaluate the energy production. Annual average wind speeds were estimated at 30 meters and values above 5 m/s were detected at some places. The most energetic directions were the west ones. After having given a location north-south to the wind turbines, it was achieved high efficiency (> 99.6 %) in each of them. The capacity factor resulted good (28 %), which indicates that a facility of this type is feasible.Tema 6: Energía eólica, geotermia, biomasa y otras energías no convencionales.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

Recurso eólico en Las Coloradas, provincia del Neuquén

El objetivo de este trabajo es cuantificar el potencial eólico en la localidad de Las Coloradas y evaluar la posibilidad de instalar aerogeneradores. Los resultados se utilizarán para configurar el subsistema eólico del sistema híbrido eólico-diesel que se quiere instalar. Se utilizaron programas específicos para analizar el viento a escala regional y local. El estudio se plantea en varias etapas dada la imposibilidad de contar con datos medidos del lugar. Para valorar la producción energética se utilizaron aerogeneradores de baja potencia. Las velocidades medias anuales se estimaron a 30 metros y valores superiores a 5 m/s se detectaron en algunos lugares. Las direcciones más energéticas fueron del oeste. Dada la ubicación norte-sur de las turbinas eólicas se logró una alta eficiencia (> 99,6 %) en cada una. El factor de capacidad bruto fue bueno (28 %), indicando la viabilidad de una instalación de este tipo.The aim of this study is to quantify the wind potential in Las Coloradas and to evaluate the possibility of installing wind turbines. The results will be used to configure the wind subsystem, which is a preliminary step to the design of the wind-diesel power system that is expected to install. Specific programs were used to analyze the wind at regional and local scales. The study was developed in various stages due to lack of measured data at the site. Low-power wind turbines were employed to evaluate the energy production. Annual average wind speeds were estimated at 30 meters and values above 5 m/s were detected at some places. The most energetic directions were the west ones. After having given a location north-south to the wind turbines, it was achieved high efficiency (> 99.6 %) in each of them. The capacity factor resulted good (28 %), which indicates that a facility of this type is feasible.Tema 6: Energía eólica, geotermia, biomasa y otras energías no convencionales.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

The decline of macrofauna in the deeper parts of the Baltic proper and the Gulf of Finland

An attempt is made to describe the large-scale changes in the benthic soft bottom macrofauna in the deep parts of the Bornholm Basin, the Gulf of Gdansk, the Central Basin and the Gulf of Finland, from the beginning of Baltic zoobenthos research to the present day. The authors also try to correlate these changes with fluctuations in the oxygen content and salinity in near-bottom water layers. The paper surveys the literature and presents recent, earlier unpublished results. During the later part of last century and the first decades of the twentieth century no area of the Baltic Sea seems to have been total ly devoid of macrofauna. Unfortunately there are considerable gaps in our knowledge of the time before the middle of this century. The most striking decline has taken place, generally speaking, after the exceptionally great inflow in 1951-1952, and the subsequent prolonged stagnation. The first records of "dead" bottoms in the Bornholm Basin are from 1948, when no macrofauna was recorded below 80 m. Records from 1954 show that the deepest parts of the Eastern Gotland Basin and the deep area between Öland and Gotland were devoid of macrofauna at that time, but that the deep areas of the northernmost Baltic proper and the Gulf of Finland were still populated. The change continued, and during the 1960s the communities dominated by lamellibranchs in the Bornholm and Gdansk Deeps disappeared, and were subsequently replaced by polychaete cummunities. These have been wiped out during periods of bad oxygen conditions, but quickly re-established when conditions had improved. The lamellibranch community has not been restored. In the Northern Central Basin and the Gulf of Finland the depopulation of the deep bottoms probably began later, in the late 50s. In the 70s practically no macrofauna has been recorded below the permanent halocline in the Central Basin (except the southernmost parts of it) and the Gulf of Finland. During the 60s and 70s the area with periodically unfavourable oxygen conditions has covered about 100000 km2, which is c. 25 % of the total area of the Baltic Sea

Depinning in a Random Medium

We develop a renormalized continuum field theory for a directed polymer interacting with a random medium and a single extended defect. The renormalization group is based on the operator algebra of the pinning potential; it has novel features due to the breakdown of hyperscaling in a random system. There is a second-order transition between a localized and a delocalized phase of the polymer; we obtain analytic results on its critical pinning strength and scaling exponents. Our results are directly related to spatially inhomogeneous Kardar-Parisi-Zhang surface growth.Comment: 11 pages (latex) with one figure (now printable, no other changes

Effect of a columnar defect on the shape of slow-combustion fronts

We report experimental results for the behavior of slow-combustion fronts in the presence of a columnar defect with excess or reduced driving, and compare them with those of mean-field theory. We also compare them with simulation results for an analogous problem of driven flow of particles with hard-core repulsion (ASEP) and a single defect bond with a different hopping probability. The difference in the shape of the front profiles for excess vs. reduced driving in the defect, clearly demonstrates the existence of a KPZ-type of nonlinear term in the effective evolution equation for the slow-combustion fronts. We also find that slow-combustion fronts display a faceted form for large enough excess driving, and that there is a corresponding increase then in the average front speed. This increase in the average front speed disappears at a non-zero excess driving in agreement with the simulated behavior of the ASEP model.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure

Intermittency of Height Fluctuations and Velocity Increment of The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang and Burgers Equations with infinitesimal surface tension and Viscosity in 1+1 Dimensions

The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation with infinitesimal surface tension, dynamically develops sharply connected valley structures within which the height derivative is not continuous. We discuss the intermittency issue in the problem of stationary state forced KPZ equation in 1+1--dimensions. It is proved that the moments of height increments $C_a =$ behave as $|x_1 -x_2|^{\xi_a}$ with $\xi_a = a$ for length scales $|x_1-x_2| << \sigma$. The length scale $\sigma$ is the characteristic length of the forcing term. We have checked the analytical results by direct numerical simulation.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figure

Some remarks on PM2.5

Since 1970, the General Physics Department of «Università degli Studi di Torino» has carried out a project research, on inorganic solid particulate matter. The special issue of Annals of Geophysics, published for Professor Giorgio Fiocco’s 70th birthday, gives us the possibility to make some important remarks on this topic, focusing on PM2.5. This has been possible using all the old and new experimental data of the measures made by the authors of this paper since 1970

Universal Ratios in the 2-D Tricritical Ising Model

We consider the universality class of the two-dimensional Tricritical Ising Model. The scaling form of the free-energy naturally leads to the definition of universal ratios of critical amplitudes which may have experimental relevance. We compute these universal ratios by a combined use of results coming from Perturbed Conformal Field Theory, Integrable Quantum Field Theory and numerical methods.Comment: 4 pages, LATEX fil

Statistical Theory for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang Equation in 1+1 Dimension

The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation in 1+1 dimension dynamically develops sharply connected valley structures within which the height derivative {\it is not} continuous. There are two different regimes before and after creation of the sharp valleys. We develop a statistical theory for the KPZ equation in 1+1 dimension driven with a random forcing which is white in time and Gaussian correlated in space. A master equation is derived for the joint probability density function of height difference and height gradient $P(h-\bar h,\partial_{x}h,t)$ when the forcing correlation length is much smaller than the system size and much bigger than the typical sharp valley width. In the time scales before the creation of the sharp valleys we find the exact generating function of $h-\bar h$ and $\partial_x h$. Then we express the time scale when the sharp valleys develop, in terms of the forcing characteristics. In the stationary state, when the sharp valleys are fully developed, finite size corrections to the scaling laws of the structure functions $<(h-\bar h)^n (\partial_x h)^m>$ are also obtained.Comment: 50 Pages, 5 figure