Evaluating assumptions of scales for subjective assessment of thermal environments – Do laypersons perceive them the way, we researchers believe?

International audienc

Pielęgniarstwo na rzecz milenijnych celów rozwoju. Cz. 2

Praca recenzowana / Peer-reviewed paperZ przyjemnością oddajemy w Państwa ręce drugi tom monografii wydanej z okazji XII Kongresu Pielęgniarek Polskich w Krakowie, w którym udział wzięło blisko 500 pielęgniarek, zaprezentowano 160 prac w 9 sesjach. Ta kolejna już publikacja świadczy o dynamicznym rozwoju badań naukowych w pielęgniarstwie. Dowodzi, że pielęgniarstwo to nie tylko zawód, ale i interdyscyplinarna nauka

Thermal comfort study of naturally ventilated office

It is well known that people spend about 90% of their lifetime in buildings where the indoor environment strongly influences their health and productivity. Therefore it is crucial to maintain proper internal conditions, and thus ensure comfort environment for building users. Due to the nature and complexity the thermal comfort is difficult to describe with physical parameters. However there is a number of available methods to assess the indoor conditions and define the comfort level - from simplified methods based on the measurement of basic parameters to complex approach – with the use of computational fluid dynamics engineering tools. The paper presents the outcome of the thermal comfort study for a naturally ventilated office located in Wroclaw (Poland). The chosen physical parameters has been registered in long- and short-term perspective, and later used for defining the boundary conditions and CFD model validation

Various methods of heat supply for a building which is operated periodically during the year

Stand-alone buildings operated periodically require heat supply for hot water and heating purposes to be carefully analyzed in terms of the technical capabilities, the energy and financial outlays. The paper presents the analysis of heat supply for hot water purposes and central heating in the stand-alone cloakroom building located in Poland. The analysis is undertaken for different variants of heat delivery for a building from electric heaters, gas boiler and district heating solutions to renewable sources applications, namely solar panels and heat pumps. For each solution, usage of usable, final and primary energy was calculated. Also the financial analysis for investments and energy costs were carried out. This analysis has been done in according to SPBT and NPV method for different levels of building use

The use of green walls and the impact on air quality and life standard

People living in urban areas are exposed to a number of threats related with dense urban tissue and high number of vehicles. These include air pollutions, traffic noise and high temperatures. In addition, large cities are struggling with high energy consumption for heating and cooling purposes. One of the possibilities to reduce the mentioned undesirable effects is the use of vegetation on the walls. Plants absorbs the pollutants of air, produced the oxygen, mounted on external walls create thermal insulation and positively affect the psychological aspect. Green walls can be used both indoors and outdoors. The article presents literature review on green walls, describes their benefits and presents the calculations SPBT and possible energy savings taking into account the transmission losses for small residential building

Inequality of water consumption for hygienic and sanitary purposes in production halls

Water consumption in hall buildings is substantial and characterised by variability over the time: yearly, seasonality, monthly, weekly, daily, hourly and second. Both, water consumption and their irregularity, influence on many processes and technical issues. Purposes for which water is consumed are various. Beyond the technological processes, one of the most water-intensive demand is need for water for hygienic and sanitary purposes, especially in production buildings with high degree of soiling work. The paper presents the study of hot water (DHW) consumption and its profile for sanitary and hygienic purposes in two production halls. The halls vary in the degree of soiling work, sanitary equipment and numbers of employees. The aim of this article is to define DHW consumption profiles and hourly water-consumption irregularity coefficient applicable in design process of hot water preparation for hygienic purposes in production buildings. The average daily hot water consumption varies significantly and amounts 7 or 16 m3 respectively to both halls. Despite the discrepancy of sanitary equipment and number of workers the hourly water-consumption irregularity coefficients for both halls are in the similar range, about 2, and daily domestic hot water profiles present typically three main consumption peaks that occur at the end of work shifts

Research of CO

Naturally ventilated buildings especially dedicated for educational purposes need to be design to achieve required level of thermal comfort and indoor air quality. It is crucial in terms of both: health and productivity of the room users. Higher requirements of indoor environment are important due to the level of students concentration, their ability to acquire new knowledge and willingness to interact with the lecturer. The article presents the results of experimental study and surveys undertaken in naturally ventilated lecture room. The data is analysed in terms of CO2 concentration and its possible influence on users. Furthermore the outcome of the research is compared with the CO2 concentration models available in the literature

Thermomodernization of buildings with the utilization of green walls

The revitalization of historical buildings is a subject that is increasingly being discussed around the world. This is connected with the goal set by the European and thus Polish and local policy to reduce energy consumption in existing buildings. The publication presents an unconventional solution for thermal modernization of buildings with the utilization of green walls. The article presents the literature and legal acts review on green walls, their construction and impact on existing buildings. It describes the benefits and disadvantages resulting from the use of vegetation on the external walls. Additionally the possibility of using green walls at the historic facility located in Wroclaw (Poland) is presented