Eficacia de la prevención secundaria del ictus isquémico en el área de salud de La Palma

El ictus isquémico se produce tras la obstrucción total o parcial de una arteria cerebral y da lugar a una serie de manifestaciones clínicas características de un déficit neurológico como pueden ser: pérdida de fuerza o sensibilidad, debilidad en la cara, brazo y pierna de un lado del cuerpo, visión doble y sensación de vértigo, alteración repentina del habla o dolor de cabeza súbito, sin causa justificada. En el presente trabajo se realiza un seguimiento a aquellas personas que han sufrido un ictus isquémico reciente para evitar una reaparición. Se realiza mediante un estudio cuasiexperimental de carácter longitudinal, prospectivo y aleatorizado cuyo objetivo principal es determinar cuál es el nivel de eficacia de la prevención secundaria que existe sobre dicha patología en la muestra de pacientes seleccionada del área de salud de La Palma. Se pretende realizar dicho seguimiento comparando numerosas variables del paciente relacionadas directa o indirectamente con el ictus isquémico que ha sufrido, apoyándose en escalas y cuestionarios específicos que se llevan a cabo en las consultas pautadas. Al finalizarlas, nos permitirá conocer, una vez realizado el análisis de los datos obtenidos, el grado de eficacia del seguimiento a los pacientes.Ischemic stroke occurs after total or partial blockage of a cerebral artery and results in a series of clinical manifestations characteristic of a neurological deficit such as: loss of strength or sensation, weakness of the face, arm, and leg on one side of the body, double vision and a feeling of vertigo, sudden alteration of speech or sudden headache, without a justified cause. In the present study, follow-up is carried out in patients who have suffered a recent ischemic stroke to prevent recurrence. The main objective of this quasiexperimental, prospective, randomized, longitudinal study was to determine the level of efficacy of secondary prevention of this pathology in a sample of selected patients in the health area of La Palma. The intention is to carry out this follow-up by comparing numerous patient variables directly or indirectly related to the ischemic stroke suffered, using specific scales and questionnaires that are carried out in the planned appointments. At the end of the consultations, once the analysis of the data obtained has been carried out, it will allow us to know the degree of efficacy of the patient follow-up

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Pseudorapidity densities of charged particles with transverse momentum thresholds in pp collisions at √ s = 5.02 and 13 TeV

The pseudorapidity density of charged particles with minimum transverse momentum (pT) thresholds of 0.15, 0.5, 1, and 2 GeV/c is measured in pp collisions at the center of mass energies of √s=5.02 and 13 TeV with the ALICE detector. The study is carried out for inelastic collisions with at least one primary charged particle having a pseudorapidity (η) within 0.8pT larger than the corresponding threshold. In addition, measurements without pT-thresholds are performed for inelastic and nonsingle-diffractive events as well as for inelastic events with at least one charged particle having |η|2GeV/c), highlighting the importance of such measurements for tuning event generators. The new measurements agree within uncertainties with results from the ATLAS and CMS experiments obtained at √s=13TeV.

Neutral to charged kaon yield fluctuations in Pb – Pb collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76 TeV

We present the first measurement of event-by-event fluctuations in the kaon sector in Pb – Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The robust fluctuation correlator ν$_{dyn}$ is used to evaluate the magnitude of fluctuations of the relative yields of neutral and charged kaons, as well as the relative yields of charged kaons, as a function of collision centrality and selected kinematic ranges. While the correlator ν$_{dyn}$[K$^+$,K$^−$] exhibits a scaling approximately in inverse proportion of the charged particle multiplicity, ν$_{dyn}$[K$_S^0$,K$^\pm$] features a significant deviation from such scaling. Within uncertainties, the value of ν$_{dyn}$[K$_S^0$,K$^\pm$] is independent of the selected transverse momentum interval, while it exhibits a pseudorapidity dependence. The results are compared with HIJING, AMPT and EPOS–LHC predictions, and are further discussed in the context of the possible production of disoriented chiral condensates in central Pb – Pb collisions

First study of the two-body scattering involving charm hadrons

This article presents the first measurement of the interaction between charm hadrons and nucleons. The two-particle momentum correlations of $pD^-$ and $\bar{p}D^+$ pairs are measured by the ALICE Collaboration in high-multiplicity pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV. The data are compatible with the Coulomb-only interaction hypothesis within (1.1–1.5)σ. The level of agreement slightly improves if an attractive nucleon $(N)\bar{D}$ strong interaction is considered, in contrast to most model predictions which suggest an overall repulsive interaction. This measurement allows for the first time an estimation of the 68% confidence level interval for the isospin I=0 inverse scattering length of the $N\bar{D}$ state $f_{0,I=0}^{-1}$∈[-0.4,0.9] fm$^{-1}$, assuming negligible interaction for the isospin I=1 channel

W±^\pm-boson production in p−-Pb collisions at sNN=8.16\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 8.16 TeV and PbPb collisions at sNN=5.02\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.02 TeV

The production of the W$^{±}$ bosons measured in p–Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon collision $\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}$ = 8.16 TeV and Pb–Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV with ALICE at the LHC is presented. The W$^{±}$ bosons are measured via their muonic decay channel, with the muon reconstructed in the pseudorapidity region −4 10 GeV/c. While in Pb–Pb collisions the measurements are performed in the forward (2.5 10$GeV/$c$. While in Pb$-$Pb collisions the measurements are performed in the forward ($2.5 < y^\mu_{\rm cms} < 4$) rapidity region, in p$-$Pb collisions, where the centre-of-mass frame is boosted with respect to the laboratory frame, the measurements are performed in the backward ($-4.46 < y^\mu_{\rm cms} < -2.96$) and forward ($2.03 < y^\mu_{\rm cms} < 3.53$) rapidity regions. The W$^{-}$and W$^{+}$production cross sections, lepton-charge asymmetry, and nuclear modification factors are evaluated as a function of the muon rapidity. In order to study the production as a function of the p$-$Pb collision centrality, the production cross sections of the W$^{-}$and W$^{+}$bosons are combined and normalised to the average number of binary nucleon$-$nucleon collision$\langle N_\mathrm{coll} \rangle$. In Pb$-$Pb collisions, the same measurements are presented as a function of the collision centrality. Study of the binary scaling of the W$^\pm$-boson cross sections in p$-$Pb and Pb$-$Pb collisions is also reported. The results are compared with perturbative QCD (pQCD) calculations, with and without nuclear modifications of the Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs), as well as with available data at the LHC. Significant deviations from the theory expectations are found in the two collision systems, indicating that the measurements can provide additional constraints for the determination of nuclear PDF (nPDFs) and in particular of the light-quark distributions