Traumatic eye injuries as a result of blunt impact: computational issues

The detachment or tearing of the retina in the human eye as a result of a collision is a phenomenon that occurs very often. Reliable numerical simulations of eye impact can be very useful tools to understand the physical mechanisms responsible for traumatic eye injuries accompanying blunt impact. The complexity and variability of the physical and mechanical properties of the biological materials, the lack of agreement on their related experimental data as well as the unsuitability of specific numerical codes and models are only some of the difficulties when dealing with this matter. All these challenging issues must be solved to obtain accurate numerical analyses involving dynamic behavior of biological soft tissues. To this purpose, a numerical and experimental investigation of the dynamic response of the eye during an impact event was performed. Numerical simulations were performed with IMPETUS-AFEA, a new general non-linear finite element (FE) software which offers non uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) FE technology for the simulation of large deformation and fracture in materials. IMPETUS code was selected in order to solve hourglass and locking problems typical of nearly incompressible materials like eye tissues. Computational results were compared with the experimental results on fresh enucleated porcine eyes impacted with airsoft pellets

Upper-body resistance training following soccer match play: Compatible, complementary, or contraindicated?

Purpose: During heavily congested schedules, professional soccer players can experience exacerbated fatigue responses, which are thought to contribute to an increased risk of injury. Given that match-induced residual fatigue can last up to 72 hours, many coaches naturally prioritize recovery in the days immediately following match day. While it is intuitive for coaches and training staff to decrease the amount of auxiliary training practices to focus on recovery, prescribing upper-body resistance training on the day after match play has recently emerged as a specific training modality in this context. While these sessions may be implemented to increase training stimulus, there are limited data available regarding the efficacy of such a practice to improve recovery kinetics. Methods: In this narrative review, the authors look at the theoretical implications of performing upper-body resistance training on the day after match play on the status of various physiological and psychological systems, including neuromuscular, metabolic, hormonal, perceptual, and immunological recovery. Results: The available evidence suggests that in most cases this practice, as currently implemented (ie, low volume, low intensity), is unlikely to be complementary (ie, does not accelerate recovery) but is potentially compatible (ie, does not impair recovery). Conclusion: Overall, because the perception of such sessions may be player dependent, their programming requires an individualized approach and should take into account match dynamics (eg, fixture scheduling, playing time, travel)

The 2009 edition of the GEISA spectroscopic database

The updated 2009 edition of the spectroscopic database GEISA (Gestionet Etudedes Informations Spectroscopiques Atmospheriques ; Management and Study of Atmospheric Spectroscopic Information) is described in this paper. GEISA is a computer-accessible system comprising three independent sub-databases devoted, respectively, to: line parameters, infrared and ultraviolet/visible absorption cross-sections, microphysical and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols. In this edition, 50 molecules are involved in the line parameters sub-database, including 111 isotopologues, for a total of 3,807,997 entries, in the spectral range from 10-6 to 35,877.031cm-1. GEISA, continuously developed and maintained at LMD (Laboratoirede Meteorologie Dynamique, France) since 1976, is implemented on the IPSL/CNRS(France) ‘‘Ether’’ Products and Services Centre WEB site (http://ether.ipsl.jussieu.fr), where all archived spectroscopic data can be handled through general and user friendly associated managements of software facilities. More than 350 researchers are registered for online use of GEISA

Méthodologies spectroscopiques pour l'étude de matériaux (objets du patrimoine de la fin du 19ème au début du 20ème siècle)

PARIS-BIUSJ-Thèses (751052125) / SudocPARIS-BIUSJ-Physique recherche (751052113) / SudocSudocFranceF

Tunable Diode Laser Measurements of Broadening Coefficients of Lines in the nu-6 fundamental of 12ch3d

THE EVALUATION OF PRESSURE BROADENED LINEWIDTHS OF CH3D DESERVES CONSIDERABLE INTEREST FOR THE STUDY OF THIS MOLECULE IN ATMOSPHERIC SPECTRA AND FOR THE POSSIBILITY OF MAKING ESTIMATES OF D/H RATIO IN PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES. N2-, H2- AND SELF-BROADENING COEFFICIENTS OF TRANSITIONS IN THE NU-6 BAND OF 12#CH3#D AT ABOUT 9.2 MUM HAVE BEEN MEASURED USING TUNABLE DIODE LASER SPECTROMETRY. THE DATA ARE ESTIMATED ACCURATE WITHIN PLUS/MINUS 5 PERCENT. A COMPARISON OF THE OBTAINED VALUES WITH THOSE PREDICTED BY THE EXISTING THEORY SHOWS A DISCREPANCY FAR IN EXCESS OF THE UNCERTAINTY OF THE EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENT FOR H2-, N2- AND SELF-BROADENING.NA-NOT AVAILABL

NEW ACETYLENE 1^12^2C2_2H2_2 MEASUREMENTS USING SOLEIL SYNCHROTRON

Author Institution: Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6; CNRS; Laboratoire; de Dynamique, Interactions et Reactivite (LADIR), UMR 7075, Case Courrier; 49, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France; Synchrotron SOLEIL, L Orme des Merisiers Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, FranceThe acetylene molecule is important for atmospheric, planetary, and astrophysical applications. This organic molecule, known as a precursor of amino acids, shows numerous vibration-rotation bands in the IR. \vspace{1em} A recent study using SOLEIL synchrotron AILES beamline will be presented in the spectral region around 100 cm$^-$$^1$. This work is the continuation of a previous one ({D.~Jacquemart, L.~Gomez, N.~Lacome, J.-Y.~Mandin, O.~Pirali and P.~Roy. JQSRT 2010:111;1223-33}) for which absolute line intensities of the intense $\nu_5$-$\nu_4$ band have been measured. In the present work a White-type cell has been used to reach an absorption path of 150 meters. With such an absorption path, several weaker bands have been observed and studied in term of absolute line intensities. Analysis of high resolution spectra using the FIR beam AILES of the synchrotron required a special care to the modelization of the apparatus function. The knowledge of the optical weighting of the apparatus function is crucial to measure accurate line parameters especially when using a synchrotron beam

Line intensities of 12C2H2 in the 1.3, 1.2, and 1 µm spectral regions

International audienc

ABSOLUTE LINE INTENSITIES OF H2_{2}CO IN THE 3.5 AND 5.7-μ\mum REGIONS

Author Institution: Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6; CNRS; Laboratoire de Dynamique, Interactions et Reactivite, UMR 7075, Case Courrier 49, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France; Laboratoire Inter Universitaire des Systemes Atmospheriques (LISA), CNRS, Universites Paris 12 et 7, 61 Avenue du General de Gaulle, 94010 Creteil Cedex, FranceFormaldehyde (H$_{2}$CO) is detected in the earth's troposphere by infrared techniques in the 3.5 and 5.7-$\mu$m regions. Recent measurements produced line positions and relative line intensities}, \textbf{221}, (2003) 192. A. Perrin, A. Valentin, and L. Daumont, \textit{J. Mol. Struct.}, \textbf{780-781}, (2006) 28.} and also IR$\Leftrightarrow$UV line intensity intercomparisons }, in press, (2007).}. For atmospheric retrievals absolute intensities and line broadening parameters are needed. For that, new Fourier transform spectra were recorded at high resolution (0.0035 cm$^{-1}$) at LADIR in the 1600-3000 cm$^{-1}$ spectral region. Low pressures (up to 0.5 torr) of H$_{2}$CO were generated by warming paraformaldehyde. An appropriate monitoring of the heating temperature ($\approx$ 40$^{irc}$ C) avoided any polymerization and allowed to obtained a stable pressure of pure H$_{2}$CO (98 $\pm$ 1\%). In this way accurate line positions and absolute intensities of H$_{2}$CO were measured and theoretical modelled in the 3.5 and 5.7-$\mu$m regions leading also to an intercomparison of intensities between the two spectral regions. The determination of self- and N$_{2}$-broadening coefficients is in progress