A knowdegle economy approach for the development of countries based on natural resources: the case of Chile

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Departamento de Economía Aplicada: Fecha de lectura: 24-09-201

Estimating dynamic Panel data. A practical approach to perform long panels.

Panel data methodology is one of the most popular tools for quantitative analyses in the field of social sciences, particularly on topics related to economics and business. This technique allows us simultaneously addressing individual effects, numerous periods, and in turn, the endogeneity of the model or independent regressors. Despite these advantages, there are several methodological and practical limitations to perform estimations using this tool. Two types of models can be estimated with Panel data. While those of static nature have been the most developed, for performing dynamic models still remain some theoretical and practical constraints. This paper focus precisely on the latter, dynamics panel data, using an approach that combines theory and praxis, and paying special attention on estimations with macro database, that is to say, dataset with a long period of time and a small number of individuals, also called long panels.La metodología de Datos de Panel es una de las técnicas más usadas para realizar análisis cuantitativos en el ámbito de las ciencias sociales, especialmente en temas relacionados con la economía y los negocios. Su riqueza reside en que esta técnica permite trabajar con varios periodos de tiempo, incorporar los efectos individuales, y a su vez, tratar la endogeneidad. A pesar de estas ventajas, existen diversos obstáculos para su implementación, tanto metodológicos como operativos. Dentro de los tipos de modelos que se pueden estimar con Datos de Panel, los de carácter estáticos han sido los más desarrollados, persistiendo aún carencias teórico-prácticas para los modelos dinámicos. Este artículo pone precisamente su énfasis en estos últimos, aplicando un enfoque que conjuga la teoría y la praxis, y prestando especial atención a su aplicabilidad para datos macroeconómicos, fundamentalmente para paneles que poseen un período de tiempo largo y un número de individuos pequeño

El sistema de ciencia y tecnología de corea del sur: ¿un ejemplo de colaboración internacional para Europa?

ABSTRACT This study analyses the Science and Technology (S&T) system of South Korea, putting special attention on the international collaboration with European Union (EU) in order to understand the Korean progress based on science, as well as to identify new opportunities from scientific cooperation between those economies. To do this, we analyse secondary information available in international databases, documentation related to international treaties of S&T collaboration of Korea with Europe as well as background and previous studies on the Korean S&T. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the evolution and structure of the Korean S&T system, the mechanisms of collaboration with EU, compared with United States of America, and to identify the main challenges and opportunities in order to increase scientific activities between Korea and EU. Along with the evidence that S&T system of Korea evolved positively, despite the fact that Korea-EU cooperation has been weak, findings also note that there are important ways for future collaborative S&T works due to the coincidence of strategies and development perspectives. It is also clear multinational companies in Korea are nowadays an important source of S&T development.Este artículo analiza el sistema de Ciencia y Tecnología (CyT) de Corea Sur, poniendo atención en la colaboración internacional con la Unión Europea (UE), con el fin de ayudar a comprender el desarrollo económico de Corea, obtener recomendaciones e identificar oportunidades de colaboración para Europa. Para ello, se revisa y analiza información disponible en bases de datos, tratados internacionales de colaboración en CyT entre Corea y la UE, así como antecedentes y estudios previos sobre esta temática. Para tales efectos, el estudio se orienta a analizar la estructura y evolución del sistema coreano de CyT y los principales mecanismos de colaboración con la UE y, a la vez, identificar los principales desafíos y oportunidades para incrementar la actividad científica y tecnológica conjunta Corea-UE. Los resultados obtenidos, junto con reconocer el avance del sistema científico y tecnológico de Corea y las vías seguidas para lograrlo, se evidencia que la colaboración Corea-UE ha sido débil, coexistiendo una gran oportunidad de incrementarla gracias a la coincidencia de estrategias y perspectivas de desarrollo. También es claro que parte importante de la CyT que lleva a cabo Corea es el resultado de la actividad privada y en particular de las empresas multinacionales. ABSTRACT This study analyses the Science and Technology (S&T) system of South Korea, putting special attention on the international collaboration with European Union (EU) in order to understand the Korean progress based on science, as well as to identify new opportunities from scientific cooperation between those economies. To do this, we analyse secondary information available in international databases, documentation related to international treaties of S&T collaboration of Korea with Europe as well as background and previous studies on the Korean S&T. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the evolution and structure of the Korean S&T system, the mechanisms of collaboration with EU, compared with United States of America, and to identify the main challenges and opportunities in order to increase scientific activities between Korea and EU. Along with the evidence that S&T system of Korea evolved positively, despite the fact that Korea-EU cooperation has been weak, findings also note that there are important ways for future collaborative S&T works due to the coincidence of strategies and development perspectives. It is also clear multinational companies in Korea are nowadays an important source of S&T development

Estimando datos de panel dinámicos. Un enfoque práctico para abordar paneles largos

Panel data methodology is one of the most popular tools for quantitative analysis in the field of social sciences, particularly on topics related to economics and business. This technique allows simultaneously addressing individual effects, numerous periods, and in turn, the endogeneity of the model or independent regressors. Despite these advantages, there are several methodological and practical limitations to perform estimations using this tool. There are two types of models that can be estimated with Panel data: Static and Dynamic, the former is the most developed while dynamic models still have some theoretical and practical constraints. This paper focuses precisely on the latter, Dynamic panel data, using an approach that combines theory and praxis, and paying special attention on its applicability on macroeonomic data, specially datasets with a long period of time and a small number of individuals, also called long panels.Sin financiaciónNo data 2018UE

El sistema de ciencia y tecnología de Corea del Sur: ¿un ejemplo de colaboración internacional para Europa?

This study analyses the Science and Technology (S&T) system of South Korea, putting special attention on the international collaboration with European Union (EU) in order to understand the Korean progress based on science, as well as to identify new opportunities from scientific cooperation between those economies. To do this, we analyse secondary information available in international databases, documentation related to international treaties of S&T collaboration of Korea with Europe as well as background and previous studies on the Korean S&T. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the evolution and structure of the Korean S&T system, the mechanisms of collaboration with EU, compared with United States of America, and to identify the main challenges and opportunities in order to increase scientific activities between Korea and EU. Along with the evidence that S&T system of Korea evolved positively, despite the fact that Korea-EU cooperation has been weak, findings also note that there are important ways for future collaborative S&T works due to the coincidence of strategies and development perspectives. It is also clear multinational companies in Korea are nowadays an important source of S&T development.Este artículo analiza el sistema de Ciencia y Tecnología (CyT) de Corea Sur, poniendo atención en la colaboración internacional con la Unión Europea (UE), con el fin de ayudar a comprender el desarrollo económico de Corea, obtener recomendaciones e identificar oportunidades de colaboración para Europa. Para ello, se revisa y analiza información disponible en bases de datos, tratados internacionales de colaboración en CyT entre Corea y la UE, así como antecedentes y estudios previos sobre esta temática. Para tales efectos, el estudio se orienta a analizar la estructura y evolución del sistema coreano de CyT y los principales mecanismos de colaboración con la UE y, a la vez, identificar los principales desafíos y oportunidades para incrementar la actividad científica y tecnológica conjunta Corea-UE. Los resultados obtenidos, junto con reconocer el avance del sistema científico y tecnológico de Corea y las vías seguidas para lograrlo, se evidencia que la colaboración Corea-UE ha sido débil, coexistiendo una gran oportunidad de incrementarla gracias a la coincidencia de estrategias y perspectivas de desarrollo. También es claro que parte importante de la CyT que lleva a cabo Corea es el resultado de la actividad privada y en particular de las empresas multinacionales