Data on the parasitoid complexes of Metallus pumilus (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) and Emmetia heinemanni (Lepidoptera: Tischeriidae) mining leaves of Rubus sp.

251 Rubus leaves mined by three species of leaf miners, Metallus pumilus (Klug, 1816), Emmetia heinemanni (Wocke, 1871) and Ectoedemia rubivora (Wocke, 1860), were collected between 2011 and 2014 in order to rear out their parasitoids. No parasitoids have been reared out from Ectoedemia rubivora, but we have identifi ed 3 parasitoid species from Emmetia heinemanni and 5 species from Metallus pumilus. With 2 tables

Recent data to the jumping plant-lice fauna of Hungary (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)

Authors made regular insect collections between 2010 and 2017, especially on ornamental trees and shrubs, on streets, parks, in city greenery, forests, botanical gardens and private gardens, in various localities of Hungary. Trioza soniae Rapisarda, 1994 and Trioza scottii Löw, 1880 are reported for the first time in Hungary. New host, locality and habitat data are given

Application of magnesium hydroxide nanocoatings on cellulose fibers with different refining degrees

Paper aging and protection are of crucial interest for improving the preservations of library collections and archives. Highly aging-resistant cellulose fiber sheets were obtained by treatment with magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles (Mg(OH)(2)). The procedure was tested on the sheets made of bleached (B) and refined unbleached (UB) pine cellulose fibers as well as their 50%/50% mixture (M). The mor and structural properties of the obtained sheets were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) methods. Stress-strain, smoothness and pH measurements were employed to determine the changes in physical-chemical characteristics of the sheets after mixing two types of the fibers and subsequent treatment with Mg(OH)(2). It has been shown that the sheets made of the fiber mixture show a higher tensile index and smoothness. The modification with Mg(OH)(2) nanoparticles induces an increase in the pH of the sheets to slightly basic values (around pH 8), facilitates the inter-fiber bonding and additionally enhances the smoothness of the sheets. Finally, by exposing the sheets to thermo-hygrometric accelerated artificial ageing, it was found that the physical properties of the treated sheets were not significantly dependent on the environmental factors.This study was supported by the Geomaterials 2 Programme (S2013/MIT_2914),the Innovation and Education Ministry (ref. MAT2013-47460-C5-5-P) and the Autonomous Region Program of Madrid, MULTIMAT CHALLENGE (ref.S2013/MIT-2862

Community impacts of anthropogenic disturbance: natural enemies exploit multiple routes in pursuit of invading herbivore hosts.

This is the final version of the article. Available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.BACKGROUND: Biological invasions provide a window on the process of community assembly. In particular, tracking natural enemy recruitment to invading hosts can reveal the relative roles of co-evolution (including local adaptation) and ecological sorting. We use molecular data to examine colonisation of northern Europe by the parasitoid Megastigmus stigmatizans following invasions of its herbivorous oak gallwasp hosts from the Balkans. Local host adaptation predicts that invading gallwasp populations will have been tracked primarily by sympatric Balkan populations of M. stigmatizans (Host Pursuit Hypothesis). Alternatively, ecological sorting allows parasitoid recruitment from geographically distinct populations with no recent experience of the invading hosts (Host Shift Hypothesis). Finally, we test for long-term persistence of parasitoids introduced via human trade of their hosts' galls (Introduction Hypothesis). RESULTS: Polymorphism diagnostic of different southern refugial regions was present in both mitochondrial and nuclear microsatellite markers, allowing us to identify the origins of northern European invaded range M. stigmatizans populations. As with their hosts, some invaded range populations showed genetic variation diagnostic of Balkan sources, supporting the Host Pursuit Hypothesis. In contrast, other invading populations had an Iberian origin, unlike their hosts in northern Europe, supporting the Host Shift Hypothesis. Finally, both British and Italian M. stigmatizans populations show signatures compatible with the Introduction Hypothesis from eastern Mediterranean sources. CONCLUSIONS: These data reveal the continental scale of multi-trophic impacts of anthropogenic disturbance and highlight the fact that herbivores and their natural enemies may face very different constraints on range expansion. The ability of natural enemies to exploit ecologically-similar hosts with which they have had no historical association supports a major role for ecological sorting processes in the recent assembly of these communities. The multitude of origins of invading natural enemy populations in this study emphasises the diversity of mechanisms requiring consideration when predicting consequences of other biological invasions or biological control introductions.Funding was provided by NERC grant NE/B504406/1 to GNS and KS and NE/E014453/1 to GNS and JAN

Elastin is Localised to the Interfascicular Matrix of Energy Storing Tendons and Becomes Increasingly Disorganised With Ageing

Tendon is composed of fascicles bound together by the interfascicular matrix (IFM). Energy storing tendons are more elastic and extensible than positional tendons; behaviour provided by specialisation of the IFM to enable repeated interfascicular sliding and recoil. With ageing, the IFM becomes stiffer and less fatigue resistant, potentially explaining why older tendons become more injury-prone. Recent data indicates enrichment of elastin within the IFM, but this has yet to be quantified. We hypothesised that elastin is more prevalent in energy storing than positional tendons, and is mainly localised to the IFM. Further, we hypothesised that elastin becomes disorganised and fragmented, and decreases in amount with ageing, especially in energy storing tendons. Biochemical analyses and immunohistochemical techniques were used to determine elastin content and organisation, in young and old equine energy storing and positional tendons. Supporting the hypothesis, elastin localises to the IFM of energy storing tendons, reducing in quantity and becoming more disorganised with ageing. These changes may contribute to the increased injury risk in aged energy storing tendons. Full understanding of the processes leading to loss of elastin and its disorganisation with ageing may aid in the development of treatments to prevent age related tendinopathy

High-Grade Osteosarcoma of the Foot: Presentation, Treatment, Prognostic Factors, and Outcome of 23 Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group COSS Patients

Osteosarcoma of the foot is a very rare presentation of a rare tumor entity. In a retrospective analysis, we investigated tumor- and treatment-related variables and outcome of patients registered in the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group (COSS) database between January 1980 and April 2016 who suffered from primary high-grade osteosarcoma of the foot. Among the 23 eligible patients, median age was 32 years (range: 6-58 years), 10 were female, and 13 were male. The tarsus was the most commonly affected site (n=16). Three patients had primary metastases. All patients were operated: 5 underwent primary surgery and 18 received surgery following preoperative chemotherapy. In 21 of the 23 patients, complete surgical remission was achieved. In 4 of 17 patients, a poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was observed in the resected primary tumors. Median follow-up was 4.2 years (range: 0.4-18.5). At the last follow-up, 15 of the 23 patients were alive and 8 had died. Five-year overall and event-free survival estimates were 64% (standard error (SE) 12%) and 54% (SE 13%), which is similar to that observed for osteosarcoma in general. Event-free and overall survival correlated with primary metastatic status and completeness of surgery. Our findings show that high-grade osteosarcoma in the foot has a similar outcome as osteosarcoma of other sites