Computer program detects transient malfunctions in switching circuits

A program which accepts a system model in the form of Boolean equations and solves these equations using a ternary algebra will determine the response of large combinational and sequencial switching circuits to given input changes, taking into account malfunctions due to races, hazards, and oscillations

SIX DEMOGRAPHIC SURPRISES

Public Economics,

A brief educational intervention in personal finance for medical residents.

IntroductionAlthough medical educational debt continues to escalate, residents receive little guidance in financial planning.AimTo educate interns about long-term investment strategies.SettingUniversity-based medicine internship program.Program descriptionAn unselected cohort of interns (n = 52; 84% of all interns) underwent a 90-minute interactive seminar on personal finance, focusing on retirement savings. Participants completed a preseminar investor literacy test to assess baseline financial knowledge. Afterward, interns rated the seminar and expressed their intention to make changes to their long-term retirement accounts. After 37 interns had attended the seminar, a survey was administered to all interns to compare actual changes to these accounts between seminar attendees and non-attendees.Measurements and main resultsInterns' average score on the investor literacy test was 40%, equal to the general population. Interns strongly agreed that the seminar was valuable (average 5.0 on 5-point Likert scale). Of the 46 respondents to the account allocation survey, interns who had already attended the seminar (n = 25) were more likely than interns who had not yet attended (n = 21) to have switched their investments from low to high-yield accounts at the university hospital (64 vs 19%, P = 0.003) and to enroll in the county hospital retirement plan (64 vs 33%, P = 0.07).ConclusionsOne 90-minute seminar on personal finances leads to significant changes in allocation of tax-deferred retirement savings. We calculate that these changes can lead to substantial long-term financial benefits and suggest that programs consider automatically enrolling trainees into higher yield retirement plans

Nonmetro Recreation Counties: Their Identification and Rapid Growth

More than 80 percent of the Nation’s 285 million people now reside in metropolitan areas. Many in this vast city and suburban population are attracted to the recreational opportunities and attractions of rural areas, such as beautiful scenery, lakes, mountains, forests, and resorts. For rural communities struggling to offset job losses from farming, mining, and manufacturing, capitalizing on the recreational appeal of an area fosters economic development, attracts new residents, and retains existing population. This article outlines a method to identify nonmetro counties with high recreation development. It then examines the linkage between such development and population change, and considers its implications for the future of rural and small-town America

The Human Right to Science and Foundational Technologies

Feeney et al. (2018) make a valid argument for restrictions on the exclusivity of foundational technologies such as CRISPR. The issue of balancing intellectual property right with access to scientific and technological advancements is certainly not new. In our commentary, we argue that the human right to science offers a more concrete basis for governments to balance their competing commitments in promoting scientific development on the one hand, and ensuring benefit-sharing on the other, in ways that advance social justice under non-ideal conditions

Greenhouse Tomatoes Change the Dynamics of the North American Fresh Tomato Industry

The rapid growth of the North American greenhouse tomato industry has changed the longstanding dynamics of the fresh tomato industry. During the 1990s, Canada emerged as the largest North American producer of greenhouse tomatoes, a prominence it never attained in the fresh field tomato industry. The United States and Mexico have also become important greenhouse tomato producers, consistent with their long dominance in North American fresh field tomato production. Greenhouse tomatoes have changed the look of U.S. retail tomato sales, where they now account for 37 percent of the quantity sold of fresh tomatoes. While the primary U.S. fresh field tomato product, the mature green tomato, long dominated retail sales, its share has decreased significantly due to the growth of greenhouse tomatoes. The U.S. mature green tomato industry is now more dependent on the continuing growth of the foodservice market, which generally prefers its product.Greenhouse tomatoes, field tomatoes, mature green tomatoes, United States, Canada, Mexico, market integration, product differentiation, seasonality in production, Crop Production/Industries,

Example of solvable quantum groups and their representations

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (p. 38).by Calvin L. Roth.M.S

Global banking and national regulation: a conference summary

Although banking across national borders has expanded rapidly, banking regulation remains nationally based. As a result, governments and financial institutions face significant challenges when instability arises. At the Chicago Fed’s International Banking Conference, participants explored cross-border banking issues and ways to improve the current system.Banks and banking, International ; Interstate banking

Unstable Slope Management Program

INE/AUTC 11.1

Propulsion technology challenges for turn-of-the-century commercial aircraft

This paper highlights the efforts being performed or sponsored by NASA, in cooperation with the U.S. civil aviation industry, to address the propulsion system technological challenges that must be met in order to ensure a viable future for the industry. Both the subsonic and supersonic aeropropulsion programs are considered. Subsonic transport propulsion program elements, including ultra-high-bypass-ratio turbofans with attendant noise reduction efforts, high-efficiency cores, and combustor emissions reductions are discussed in terms of goals, technical issues, and problem solutions. Similarly, the high-speed research propulsion efforts addressing a high-speed commercial transport are reviewed in terms of environmental barrier issues, such as oxides of nitrogen and noise reduction, and the related economic issues