Public Organizations in the Context of Corporate Social Responsibility

The debate on corporate responsibility is permeating increasingly to the public sector. The aim of the present work is to discuss possible implications of CSR concepts that could be observed in public organizations. It follows from the research conducted that public organizations are familiarized with the principles of corporate social responsibility and in the majority of cases possess accepted standards of applying the

Organisational culture of Polish municipal offices

W artykule zaproponowano spojrzenie na organizacje publiczne pod względem kultury organizacyjnej na przykładzie urzędów miast. Związek ten stanowi jedną z luk w wiedzy na gruncie badań kultury organizacyjnej, jak również zarządzania publicznego. Dokonano analizy: istniejących systemów wartości i norm w urzędach miast, wykorzystywanych metod korekty kursu kulturowego, przyczyn i źródeł oporu organizacyjnego, jego przejawów oraz sposobów przełamywania. W artykule zaprezentowano wstępne wyniki badań zrealizowanych w ramach grantu badawczego nr N N115 153239 „Proces kształtowania kultury organizacyjnej w administracji samorządowej na przykładzie urzędów miast”.The paper looks at the municipal offices in Poland as an example of public organisations from the point of view of corporate culture. Research into this relationship seems largely absent from the body of knowledge in the area of organisational culture, as well as public management. Analysed are: the existing systems of values and norms in municipal offices, the methods used to enhance their organisational culture, the causes and sources of organisational resistance, its symptoms and the ways to overcome it. The author presents the preliminary results of studies carried out within the framework of the research grant N N115 153239: “The formation of organisational culture in local government on the example of city offices”.Marek Siemiński: [email protected] Krukowski: [email protected] Siemiński – Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w OlsztynieKrzysztof Krukowski – Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w OlsztynieFrąckiewicz-Wronka A. 2010 Pomiar efektywności organizacji jako obszar konwergencji metod, narzędzi i instrumentów zarządzania między sektorami biznesowym a publicznym, ,,Organizacja i Zarządzanie. Kwartalnik Naukowy”, nr 4 (12).Friedrich C. J. 1939 The Continental Tradition of Training Administrators in Law and Jurisprudence, ,,Journal of Modern History”, 11.Problemy zarządzania organizacjami publicznymi 2006, B. Kożuch (red.), Fundacja WZ, ISP UJ, Kraków.Lynn L. E. 2006 Public management: Old and New, Taylor & Francis e-Library, New York, London.Opolski K., Modzelewski P. 2009 Zarządzanie jakością w usługach publicznych, Wydawnictwo CeDeWu, Warszawa.Ostroff F. 2011 Zarządzanie zamianą w administracji państwowej, Harvard Business Review Polska.Raadschelders J. C. N. 1995 The Use of Models in Administrative History, a Reply to Thuillier, [in:] The Influences of the Napoleonic “Model” of Administration on the Administrative Organization of Other Countries, International Institute of Administrative Sciences, Working Group: History of Public Administration, Brussels.Schein E. H. 2004 Organizational Culture and Leadership, Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco.Siemiński M. 2008 Kształtowanie kultury organizacyjnej przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych, TNOiK, Toruń.Siemiński M., Krukowski K., Szamrowski P. 2014 Kształtowanie kultury organizacyjnej w administracji publicznej na przykładzie urzędów miast, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski, Olsztyn.Weber M. 1965 The Theory of Social and Economic Organization, The Free Press, New York.4(76)12113

Land conversion for suburban housing: a study of urbanization around Warsaw and Olsztyn, Poland

"In the 1990's, urban demand for housing land around city-agglomerations increased rapidly. Additionally, the decreasing profitability of agricultural production caused farmers, who are able to freely decide on land turnover, to be interested in land sale for non-agricultural purposes. At the same time, Polish counties received the status of self-governments, which then imposed their will upon local economic development. In this way, counties became responsible for land management as well, and started supporting the process of land conversion, perceived as a factor of the above development. Such implications have created the following situation: decentralization and the extension of private control over land has led to the loss of rural landscapes in Poland, because farmers, county self-governments and rural society in general gain from the conversion of agricultural to housing land. Therefore, field research has been exercised at the county level. For the investigation, two counties, located in regions differentiated by economic growth, were selected. The data were collected through the collection of archival records, documentation review and semi-structured interviews." (author's abstract)Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Verstädterung in der Gegend um Warschau und Olsztyn in Polen. In den neunziger Jahren erhöhte sich die Nachfrage nach Bauland in städtischen Agglomerationsgebieten schnell. Zusätzlich veranlasste die abnehmende Rentabilität der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion die Landwirte dazu, ihre Ländereien für nicht-landwirtschaftliche Zwecke zu verkaufen. Gleichzeitig erhielten die polnischen Regierungsbezirke den Status lokaler Selbstverwaltung, was zu eigenständiger lokaler Entwicklung anregte. Auf diese Art wurden die Regierungsbezirke für das Landmanagement verantwortlich und fingen an, den Prozess der Landumwandlung zu unterstützen. Dezentralisierung und die Ausweitung privater Kontrolle über das Land haben zu einem Verlust der landwirtschaftlicher Nutzflächen in Polen geführt, weil Landwirte, Regierungsbezirke und die landwirtschaftliche Gesellschaft im allgemeinen einen Gewinn aus der Umwandlung erzielten. Folglich ist die Feldforschung auf der Regierungsbezirksebene angesiedelt. Für die vorliegende Untersuchung wurden zwei Regierungsbezirke ausgewählt, die sich hinsichtlich ihres wirtschaftlichen Wachstums unterscheiden. Die Datenquellen setzen sich aus Archivmaterial, Dokumentationsübersichten und semi-strukturierten Interviews zusammen. (ICDÜbers

NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT IN ORGANISATIONS INTRODUCING AGRICULTURAL POLICIES IN POLAND

After Poland joined the European Union, the support system for entities operating in the sphere of agrobusiness took the institutionalized form. These entities exert a great influence on the functioning of the entire agribusiness sector. In order to perform their tasks efficiently and effectively, the agencies have to use appropriate management tools. The purpose of this study is the presentation of the concepts of NPM as a management model for public organisations currently introducing agricultural policies and rural developments in Poland. The methods of literature analysis and documents analysis containing the procedures of management in the organizations implementing agricultural policy in Poland were used. The method of comparative analysis was also used in the presented research. The research shows that agencies should depart from the measurement by focusing on procedures often controlled internally, which is typical for public administration, and aims to measure the effects of procedures, i.e. to measure the results achieved.Subjektai, formuojantys valstybinę politiką žemės ūkio srityje, turi didelę įtaką visam agroverslo funkcionavimui. Straipsnyje daroma prielaida, jog tam, kad valstybės institucijos būtų pajėgios sėkmingai vykdyti savo funkcijas, turi būti naudojami atitinkami vadybos įrankiai. Tyrimotikslas – pristatyti naująją viešojo administravimo (NPM) koncepciją, kuri padėtų viešosioms institucijoms efektyviai formuoti ir įgyvendinti žemės ūkio ir kaimo plėtros politiką. Pagrindinė tyrimo metodika: informacinių šaltinių ir dokumentų, numatančių kokybės vadybos procedūras, organizacijose, formuojančiuose ir įgyvendinančiose žemės ūkio politiką, analizė. Atlikus tyrimus daroma išvada, kad žemės ūkio viešosios institucijos turėtų pakeisti savo darbo pobūdį: nuo orientacijos į darbo procedūras keisti į pasiektų rezultatų įvertinimą pasitelkus atitinkamas procedūras

RÓŻNICE WE WDRAŻANIU BUSINESS PROCESS REENGINEERING’U W ORGANIZACJACH PUBLICZNYCH I BIZNESOWYCH

The process approach in management is used both in business and public organisations. Development of interest in process-based concepts as an instrument improving organisational effectiveness resulted from criticism of the functional approach in organisations. The article presents the concept of Business Process Reengineering (BPR). The purpose of this study is to determine the differences in the implementation of BPR concept in public and business organisations and to identify the key factors in its implementation. An important area of distinguishing the approaches of implementing BPR in the analysed organisations is the expectation as to the outcome of its application, the importance of environmental influences and different approaches to the meaning of the recipient of services. Rozwój zainteresowania koncepcjami opartymi na procesach jako narzędziem poprawiającym efektywność organizacji wynikał z krytyki podejścia funkcjonalnego w organizacji. W artykule przedstawiono koncepcję business process reengineering. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest określenie różnic oraz czynników sukcesu we wdrażaniu tej koncepcji w organizacjach publicznych i biznesowych. Istotnym obszarem różniącym podejście do wdrażania BPR w analizowanych organizacjach jest oczekiwanie co do efektów jego zastosowania, znaczenia wpływu otoczenia oraz różne rozumienie znaczenia odbiorcy usług

Cultural aspect of social responsibility implementation in SMEs

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to identify cultural factors considered in the social responsibility of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises. Approach/Methodology/Design: In order to achieve the main goal, logit models were used. To assess the quality of estimated ordered logit models, the combined significance of all explanatory variables (significance of the model) and the Wald test were used. In order to identify factors shaping the CSR level, variables describing the organizational culture were adopted such as individualism-collectivism, distance to power and the level of tolerance of uncertainty. Findings: Logit models allow for the identification of the key cultural parameters that will enable maintaining consistency between them and between the socially responsible activities. In terms of the individualism-collectivism dimension, for p = 0.05 the key factor in three cultural areas are the expectations towards work. Practical Implications: The use of logit models allows managers to focus the CSR implementation process on the key cultural factors. Originality/Value: The use of logit models to identify statistically significant factors depending on the dominant, three-dimensional cultural pattern, determining the level of awareness in the dimension of internal and external stakeholders and the general level of CSR awareness in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises.peer-reviewe

Analyzing Wind Energy Potential Using Efficient Global Optimization: A Case Study for the City Gdańsk in Poland

Wind energy (WE), which is one of the renewable energy (RE) sources for generating electricity has been making a significant contribution to obtaining clean and green energy in recent years. Fitting an appropriate statistical distribution to the wind speed (WS) data is crucial in analyzing and estimating WE potential. Once the best suitable statistical distribution for WS data is determined, WE potential and potential yield could be estimated with high accuracy. The main objective of this paper is to propose a novel approach for calculating wind energy potential. For this purpose, the Efficient Global Optimization (EGO) technique was proposed for fitting a statistical distribution to WS data and the performance of the technique was compared with genetic algorithm (GA), simulated annealing (SA), and differential evolution (DE). Performance metrics showed that EGO is providing better estimations compared with GA, SA, and DE. Based on Weibull parameters obtained by using EGO, potential WE and potential annual revenue were estimated for Gdańsk, which is the capital of Pomerania Voivodeship in Poland, in the case of having city‐type wind turbines in the city center. Estimations for Gdańsk showed that city‐type wind turbines might be helpful for producing electricity from WE in the city without being limited by constraints such as having a long distance between wind turbines and buildings. If such wind turbines were erected on the roofs of residential buildings, malls, or office buildings, there is a possibility that part of the electric energy needed for such buildings could be generated using WE. However, this topic should be further investigated from technical and financial perspectives

Technological innovation capabilities of small and medium-sized enterprises

Purpose: The research objective of the article is to develop a model that indicates significant, from the perspective of introducing technological innovations by Polish small and medium-sized enterprises, internal factors that make up the company's innovation capability and build their competitive position. Design/methodology/approach: The company’s innovation capability can be divided on seven specific sub-capabilities, research and development, manufacturing, organizational, marketing, logistics, human factor and strategy. We also included some contextual factors in the model. Empirical studies were conducted in 2015, using the CAPI method, on the representative sample of 250 small and medium-sized enterprises. The analysis and assessment we based on the results of the ordered logit regression model estimation. Findings: The obtained results indicate the significance of 19 variables from all specific capabilities and contextual factors. Their impact proved to be both positive and negative. Practical Implications: The identified elements of innovation capability of small and medium-sized enterprises may be a recommendation for small and medium-sized enterprises’ managers. Originality/value: Determination of key elements of technological innovation capability of Polish small and medium-sized enterprises. The results can be compared with those obtained for other countries.peer-reviewe