Detection of Epileptic Seizure Using STFT and Statistical Analysis

In this study, EEG data from two volunteer individuals, a healthy individual and a patient with epilepsy, were investigated with two different methods in order to distinguish healthy and patient individuals from each other. The data were obtained from a healthy individual and from a patient with epilepsy at the time of epileptic seizure and of seizure-free interval. The data are those of which validity and reliability were proven and were supplied from the data bank records of University Hospital of Bonn in Germany. In the study, the statistical parameters of the collected data were calculated, then the same data were analysed using short-time Fourier transform (STFT) method, and then they were compared. Both statistical parameter results and spectrum analysis results are compatible with each other, and they can successfully detect healthy individuals and epileptic patients at the time of epileptic seizure and seizure-free interval. In this sense, the results were mathematically highly compatible, which offers significant information for the diagnosis of the disease. In the analysis, the variance values were determined as 253.203 for the healthy individual, 806.939 for the patient at seizure-free interval and 6985.755 for that patient at the time of seizure. Accordingly, standard deviation can be said to be quite distinctive in the designation of values. The frequencies of all three cases resulted in 0, 0–5 and 0–20 Hz, respectively, as a result of conducted STFT analysis, which is quite consistent with the results of the statistical analysis parameters

Cause of nephrotıc syndrome at a case admitted about leukocytoclastic vasculitis: focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Lökositoklastik vaskulit vücuttaki küçük damarların inflamasyonu anlamına gelmektedir. Genellikle ciltte özellikle bacaklarda belirti verir ancak vücudun diğer bölgelerinde de ortaya çıkabilir. Klinik pratikte en yaygın görülen vaskulittir. Lökositoklastik vaskulit pek çok nefrolojik hastalıklarla birlikte seyredebilir. Ancak lökositoklastik vaskulit olarak gelen nefrotik sendromlu hastada fokal segmental glomerüloskleroz görülmesi beklenmeyen bir durumdur. Fokal segmental glomerülosklerozda glomerüler hasara ve glomerüloskleroza yol açan etyolojik ajanlar veya mekanizmaların çoğu bilinmemektedir. Onsekiz yaşında her iki üst ve alt ekstremitelerde döküntü ve kızarıklık, her iki bacaklarda şişlik şikayetleri ile kliniğimize başvuran hastaya lökositoklastik vaskulit tanısı konuldu. Nefrotik düzeyde proteinürisi olan hastanın böbrek biyopsisinde ise fokal segmental glomeruloskleroz tespit edildi.Leukocytoclastic vasculitis refers to the inflammation of small blood vessels in the body. It usually manifests in the skin, particularly in the legs, but it may also occur in other areas. It is the most common vasculitis seen in clinical practice. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis can progress together with many nephrological diseases. However, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is unexpected cause of nephrotic syndrome at a case admitted about leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Etiologic agents or mechanisms that initiate glomerular injury and lead to glomerulosclerosis are largely unknown in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. An eighteen years old patient who presented to our clinic with skin eruption and rushes of both lower and upper extremities and edema of lower extermities had been diagnosed leukocytoclastic vasculitis. The patient with nephrotic range proteinuria, renal biopsy reveal

Stereotactic body radioablation therapy as an immediate and early term antiarrhythmic palliative therapeutic choice in patients with refractory ventricular tachycardia

Background: Stereotactic body radioablation therapy (SBRT) has recently been introduced with the ability to provide ablative energy noninvasively to arrhythmogenic substrate while reducing damage to normal cardiac tissue nearby and minimizing patients’ procedural risk. There is still debate regarding whether SBRT has a predominant effect in the early or late period after the procedure. We sought to assess the time course of SBRT’s efficacy as well as the value of using a blanking period following a SBRT session. Methods: Eight patients (mean age 58 ± 14 years) underwent eight SBRT sessions for refractory ventricular tachycardia (VT). SBRT was given using a linear accelerator device with a total dose of 25 Gy to the targeted area. Results: During a median follow-up of 8 months, all patients demonstrated VT recurrences; however, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) and anti-tachycardia pacing therapies were significantly reduced with SBRT (8.46 to 0.83/per month, p = 0.047; 18.50 to 3.29/per month, p = 0.036, respectively). While analyzing the temporal SBRT outcomes, the 2 weeks to 3 months period demonstrated the most favorable outcomes. After 6 months, one patient was ICD therapy-free and the remaining patients demonstrated VT episodes. Conclusions: Our findings showed that the SBRT was associated with a marked reduction in the burden of VT and ICD interventions especially during first 3 months. Although SBRT does not seem to succeed complete termination of VT in long-term period, our findings support the strategy that SBRT can be utilized for immediate antiarrhythmic palliation in critically ill patients with otherwise untreatable refractory VT and electrical storm

Prognostic and Clinical Role of Contrast Enhancement on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Bell’s Palsy

Objective:To investigate the prognostic value of the magnetic resonance imaging in Bell’s palsy patients.Methods:Patients who were diagnosed and treated with Bell’s palsy between October 2013 and March 2016 retrospectively selected. House–Brackmann grades, pre- and post-treatment pure tone audiograms, stapedial reflexes were analyzed and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans with gadolinium-based contrast agents were evaluated. Contrast-enhanced segments of the facial nerve were determined. MRI findings were compared statistically with pre- and post-treatment grade, recurrence rate of Bell’s palsy, MRI scanning timing, presence of stapes reflexes and posttreatment recovery data.Results:No significant correlation was observed between pretreatment House–Brackmann grades and enhancement (p>0.05). Similarly, there was no significant correlation between clinical recovery and enhancement (p>0.05). Also, no significant correlation was observed between MRI scanning time, the recurrence rate of Bell’s palsy and MRI findings (p>0.05). None of the MRIs showed neoplastic contrast enhancement.Conclusion:The routine use of the contrast-enhanced temporal MRI is not recommended in the diagnosis and monitoring of Bell’s palsy patients, because the contrast enhancement pattern of the facial nerve has no effect on the prognosis of Bell’s palsy. MRI should be used in cases that do not heal despite treatment, for the differential diagnosis of facial nerve tumors and in patients who are candidates for surgical decompression

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

High resolution contiguous swath synthetic aperture radar imaging via co-located multiple input multiple output array

The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a well-known imaging radar. Whilst its technology is proven, it is, however, subject to improvement as technology improves, just like any other technical system. With the use of multiple antenna, high-resolution wide swath (HEWS) imaging has advanced dramatically, a duty that MIMO radars are currently fulfilling. Parallel to this, co-located, linear MIMO arrays have proliferated; they are already utilised for automobile safety features, and their compact form factor allows them to be deployed on drones. These platforms are unique in that they frequently require contiguous azimuth swaths (for example, aerial field surveying or monitoring road conditions), but they also have the potential to perform high-resolution imaging due to the high operating frequency of commercial MIMO arrays (24 and 77 GHz) and the short stand-off distances. MIMO-SAR systems make use of newly developed SAR systems. A new branch of MIMO-SAR imaging has emerged, utilising high-frequency low-altitude UAV/drones. A novel model, high-resolution contiguous swath could potentially fill a gap in this sector (ARCS). The concept specifically employs Digital Beamforming (DBF) techniques, which are enabled in such systems to give contiguous azimuth imaging, as in stripmap SAR, but with a fine spatial resolution comparable to spotlight SAR. Strip-Spot SAR, which we have devised as a new concept, was initially examined as SAR and MIMO-SAR, after which the concept's key principles were analytically defined and empirically validated under laboratory conditions with calibrated targets and extended targets. It is hoped that it will be able to serve as a model for future research on contiguous swath imaging

Current Situation Of Turkish Tea Sector And Energy Efficiency Analysis Of A Tea Factory

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Enerji Enstitüsü, 2012Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Energy Institute, 2012Bu çalışmada amaçlanan temel hedeflerden birincisi çay işletmelerinde kullanılan enerjinin en verimli şekilde kullanılmasını sağlamaktır. Enerjiyi daha verimli kullanarak işletmenin maliyetlerini düşürmek ve bu sayede işletmenin piyasa ile rekabet gücünün artmasına katkı yapmak hedeflenmektedir. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda, işletmenin ürün kalitesini düşürmeden enerji maliyetini azaltmasıyla birlikte işletme karlılığının artmasıyla işletme yönetiminin enerji tasarrufu için daha fazla kaynak ayırması da teşvik edilmiştir. Hedeflenen diğer amaçlar ise; enerjinin daha verimli kullanılmasını sağlayarak enerjide dışa bağımlı bir ülkenin ekonomisine katkı yapmak ve doğaya bırakılan zararlı gazların etkilerinin de olabildiğince alt seviyelere indirilmesidir. Bunu yaparken bir çay fabrikasının verileri kullanılarak yapılacak enerji tasarrufu çalışmalarıyla elde edilecek kazançlar ortaya konulmuştur. Bu çalışmada genel olarak ısı ve elektrik enerjisine yönelik uygulamalar anlatılmıştır. Dördüncü bölümde çay işletmelerinde ısı enerjisinde tasarruf sağlayan çalışmalar anlatılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar, yanma veriminin arttırılması, uygun kazan seçimi, yalıtım, atık sıcak suyun, kondensatın ve flaş buharın değerlendirilmesi gibi toplam sistem verimini arttıran bazı çalışmalardır. Beşinci bölümde ise elektrik enerjisinde tasarruf sağlayan çalışmalar anlatılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar, talep yönetiminin ve elektrik motorlarında verimliliğin sağlanması, yüksek verimli motor kullanımı, aydınlatma gibi tasarruf sağlayıcı birtakım çalışmalardır.The first of the main targets of this study is intended to provide the most efficient use of energy used in tea industry. It aims to reduce business costs by using energy more efficiently and contribute to increase the competitiveness of the enterprise market. For these purposes, decreasing energy costs without compromising product quality of management are also encouraged to allocate more resources to save energy. If the targeted other purposes, providing a more efficient use of energy to contribute to the economy of a country dependent on foreign energy and decreasing possible effects of lower levels of harmful gases. While doing this, it is achived by using the data acquired from one tea factory. In this study some applications of heat and electricity are explained generally. In fourth chapter, some heat energy saving studies were explained which in tea industry. The studies that are increasing burn efficiency, selecting suitable boiler and heat recovery from waste hot water, insulation, condencate and flash steam increase the total system efficiency. In fifth chapter, some study of electical energy saving opportunities which in tea industry were explained. The studies are some energy saving studies, for example providing demand side management increasing motor efficiency, importance of luminary, using high efficiency electrical motors.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

A New Concept of Contiguous-Swath SAR Imaging with High Resolution: Strip-Spot SAR

The study offers a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging concept called Strip-Spot SAR, which uses linear Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar arrays, which are becoming increasingly attractive for short-range sensing in a variety of growing application sectors. The concept specifically employs Digital Beam-Forming (DBF) techniques, which are enabled in such systems to give contiguous azimuth imaging, as in Stripmap SAR, but with the fine spatial resolution of a Spotlight SAR. Its fundamental concepts are analytically derived and experimentally validated under laboratory conditions using calibrated and real targets. Finally, the performance and limitations of the concept are investigated