Rape in England 1600-1800: trials, narratives and the question of consent

This thesis examines the meanings of sexual violence within early modem English society. It focuses particularly on attitudes towards rape as expressed in statute and the operation of the legal system, the attitudes of individuals in court records, and representations of rape in literature. The history of rape is located within contemporary historical debate about early modern sexuality, gender and women. The first chapter charts the evolution of the law of rape, the prosecution of rape in the assize court, and the degree of suspicion about accusations expressed by jurists. The high standards of evidence demanded in rape cases and contemporary confusion about rape law are examined. This work draws on statute, law-books and law reports, and trial pamphlets. The second chapter is a close reading of Ely and Northern Assize Circuit deposition material dating between 1640 and 1750, and 1780 and 1800. The content and conventions of these documents are explored, exposing the highly selective reporting of rape. The extent to which we may treat depositions as 'narratives' is critically assessed. The third chapter is a reading of the public representations of sexual violence in seventeenth and eighteenth century literature. This work examines beliefs about motivation to rape, and the extreme contemporary sensitivity to false accusations of rape, which became increasingly visible from the later seventeenth century. The conclusion draws on all the material presented in the thesis to illustrate the highly selective nature of reporting, demonstrating that in a climate of scepticism, a woman only reported rape if she could fit her story to a believable stereotype

Aspects of sociability in the North East of England 1600-1750.

Available from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DXN049373 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo

The Experience of Discrimination in Ireland. Analysis of the QNHS Equality Module

This is the first report arising from the ‘Research Programme on Equality and Discrimination’ which is being carried out by The Economic and Social Research Institute on behalf of The Equality Authority. This study draws on the first national survey of experiences of discrimination carried out by the Central Statistics Office in 2004. The Central Statistics Office survey revealed significant levels of reported discrimination. Overall 12.5 per cent of the Irish population aged 18 years and over said that they had been discriminated against in the preceeding two years. This survey provided a valuable benchmark against which to assess progress in combating discrimination. It provided information that raised questions in relation to the adequacy of the current equality legislation and of the level of investment in the existing equality infrastructure to eliminate this reported discrimination. It is important, therefore, that this data be further examined to increase our understanding of this reported discrimination

Experience of Discrimination in Ireland: Analysis of the QNHS Equality Module

This study examines the subjective experience of discrimination across the adult population in Ireland. The research is based on analysis of the special module on Equality, which was included in the Quarterly National Household Survey in 2004. The survey examines reported discrimination in work, job search, and in seven service domains (e.g. financial services, health services, shops/pubs and restaurants). It highlights particular social groups and particular social institutions/context in which levels of perceived discrimination are high

The Experience of Discrimination in Ireland: Evidence from Self‐Report Data

Abstract included in text

Experience of Discrimination in Ireland: Analysis of the QNHS Equality Module

This study examines the subjective experience of discrimination across the adult population in Ireland. The research is based on analysis of the special module on Equality, which was included in the Quarterly National Household Survey in 2004. The survey examines reported discrimination in work, job search, and in seven service domains (e.g. financial services, health services, shops/pubs and restaurants). It highlights particular social groups and particular social institutions/context in which levels of perceived discrimination are high

Paraneoplastic thrombocytosis in ovarian cancer

<p>Background: The mechanisms of paraneoplastic thrombocytosis in ovarian cancer and the role that platelets play in abetting cancer growth are unclear.</p> <p>Methods: We analyzed clinical data on 619 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer to test associations between platelet counts and disease outcome. Human samples and mouse models of epithelial ovarian cancer were used to explore the underlying mechanisms of paraneoplastic thrombocytosis. The effects of platelets on tumor growth and angiogenesis were ascertained.</p> <p>Results: Thrombocytosis was significantly associated with advanced disease and shortened survival. Plasma levels of thrombopoietin and interleukin-6 were significantly elevated in patients who had thrombocytosis as compared with those who did not. In mouse models, increased hepatic thrombopoietin synthesis in response to tumor-derived interleukin-6 was an underlying mechanism of paraneoplastic thrombocytosis. Tumorderived interleukin-6 and hepatic thrombopoietin were also linked to thrombocytosis in patients. Silencing thrombopoietin and interleukin-6 abrogated thrombocytosis in tumor-bearing mice. Anti–interleukin-6 antibody treatment significantly reduced platelet counts in tumor-bearing mice and in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. In addition, neutralizing interleukin-6 significantly enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel in mouse models of epithelial ovarian cancer. The use of an antiplatelet antibody to halve platelet counts in tumor-bearing mice significantly reduced tumor growth and angiogenesis.</p> <p>Conclusions: These findings support the existence of a paracrine circuit wherein increased production of thrombopoietic cytokines in tumor and host tissue leads to paraneoplastic thrombocytosis, which fuels tumor growth. We speculate that countering paraneoplastic thrombocytosis either directly or indirectly by targeting these cytokines may have therapeutic potential. </p&gt

Ceftiofur Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Heidelberg from Chicken Meat and Humans, Canada

Use of this drug in chickens may limit effectiveness of cephalosporins in treating human infections

Recommendations for Nanomedicine Human Subjects Research Oversight: An Evolutionary Approach for an Emerging Field

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/96363/1/j.1748-720X.2012.00703.x.pd

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy