Treatment of combined anterolateral posterolateral rotary instability without PLC reconstruction

زمینه و هدف: درمان ناپایداری ترکیبی ‌چرخشی قدامی - ‌خارجی، خلفی - ‌خارجی زانو ‌معمــولاً بــا اصلاح راستای زانو (Alignment)، بازسازی کمپلکس‌خلفی - خارجی PLC (Posterolateral Complex) و بازسازی لیگامان‌ متقاطع قدامی Anterior Cruciate Ligament) ACL) صورت می‌گیرد. با توجه به سخت بودن این اعمال جراحی و نیاز به بیش از دو مرحله عمل و با توجه به اختلاف ‌نظر در مورد اهمیت کمپلکس خلفی خارجی (PLC) در زانوی والگوس، در این مطالعه نتایج درمان این نوع ناپایداری بدون بازسازی این کمپلکس و با اصلاح واروس و بازسازی ACL به تنهایی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. روش‌ بررسی: این مطالعه یک کارآزمایی بالینی است که بر روی 29 بیمار (29 زانو) با ناپایداری ترکیبی چرخشی قدامی‌ - خارجی، خلفی - ‌خارجی انجام گرفت و علایم ذهنی و عینی ناپایداری ثبت شد. آرتروسکوپی برای بیماران انجام شد و برای اصلاح واروس، استئوتومی والگوس صورت گرفت. سپس در مرحله دیگری بازسازی ACL انجام شد. علایم ناپایداری پس از متوسط 23 ماه پیگیری بررسی و با قبل از عمل مقایسه شد. برای آنالیز اطلاعات از آزمون‌های مجذور کا، آزمون دقیق فیشر و ویلکاسون استفاده شد و 05/0P< به عنوان معنی دار تلقی گردید. یافته ها: درد در بیش از نصف بیماران و قفل کردن زانو (Locking) در تمامی آنها برطرف شد (001/0

Association of Diabetic Retinopathy and Sleep Quality

Sleep disorders are more common in diabetes mellitus (DM) cases rather than normal ones. In addition, this condition could be associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) development with more inflammatory indices in circulation. In the present study, we have evaluated the association between DR and sleep quality. This cross-sectional study is a part of the second phase of the study of the elderly cohort of Amirkola City, which was conducted in 2015-2016 on all people aged 60 and higher. Of all diabetic cases, 44 cases had retinopathy and were selected as the case group. To compare two control groups, 135 diabetic patients without retinopathy and 135 people without diabetes were randomly selected. The presence and type of retinopathy were determined based on an eye physical examination by an ophthalmologist. In addition, sleep quality was evaluated based on the Pittsburgh Questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA, t-test, and linear regression tests. In the present study, there was a significant difference in the score of the Pittsburgh questionnaire between people with DR (45.5±68.2) compared to diabetic people without retinopathy (76.5±48.2) and people without diabetes (95.4±36.2) (P=0.470), but diabetic people without retinopathy had significantly worse sleep quality than people without diabetes (P=0.019). Also, sleep quality in women with DR was worse than in men (P=014). In the linear regression analysis, it was observed that age, gender, diabetes, and history of depression significantly affect the sleep quality of the evaluated cases (P<0.05 for all). According to the results of the present study, DR does not negatively influence the quality of sleep, and DR is not related to sleep disorders

The feasibility of Gamasiab river area fish farming of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

This study was carried out about 15 months to determine suitable locations for the development of aquaculture across the Gamasiab river of Hamedan province in 2007 - 2008. Physicochemical parameters and macro benthic invertebrates fauna 15 and 13 stations respectively every 45 days and seasonally fish identify in 8 stations were performed according standard methods. The average water temperature was 12.8±3.7 oC, minimum and maximum dissoled oxygen were 2.6 and 12.5 mg/lit respectively during the study. The pH range was between 7.5-8.8 , the minimum and maximum Ec was 250 and 750 µmos/cm in Mehr and Tir. The transparency range was recorded about 1-103 F.T.U. The uder factors such as amount of suspended materials: 0.01-0.1 mg/l, amount of BOD5: 0.05-6.2 mg/l and COD: 30 (minimum) and 70.57 (maximum) were recorded. The total solids material (T.S.S) were less than 1 mg/lit. Totally 37 groups of bentic organisms were identified which 11 groups of them were appertained to pollution sensitive orders containing Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera and Plecoptera. During fish population studied 21 species belonging 5 family were identified. Based on obtained results of biological, ecological, economic and social parameters, 10 sites in 7 areas were suitable identified for fish rearing and 12 aquaculture programs (10 plan for fish rearing and 2 plan for increasing fish production of (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The minimum and maximum production capacity in mentioned places was estimated about 1675 and 3850 tons respectively

Epidemiology of livestock-related injuries in a major trauma center in Kashan, Iran

【Abstract】Objective: Livestock-related injuries are one of the important factors causing morbidity and mor-tality in patients admitted to hospital. Treatment of these patients is still a major problem in health care system. The aim of current study was to assess the epidemiology of livestock-related injuries in a major trauma center in Iran from 2006 to 2011. Methods: In a prospective study, patients with live-stock-related injuries who were consecutively admitted to the trauma center in Kashan, Iran between 2006 and 2011 were evaluated. The data collected included patient’s demographics, place and nature of accident, damaged organ, educational level, transport and outcome. Data were ex-pressed as mean±standard deviation. Results: A total of 129 patients were included in this study, accounting for 0.3% of all trauma admission (40 273 cases). The mean age was (55.27±14.45) years. Men were affected four times more than women. Falling down from livestock is the main mechanism of trauma in all groups. Upper and lower extremities were most frequently injured (n=72), followed by the head, neck and spine (n=33 for each). There was one death resulting from livestock-related injury in this study. Conclusion: Despite the low incidence, livestock-re-lated injuries can damage major organs of human body and therefore appropriate training program to increase the safety awareness in home and outdoor is very important. Key words: Epidemiology; Livestock; Iran; Wounds and injurie

Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst and Successful Renal Transplantation

Hydatid cysts are endemic hooknoses in Iran. It may involve various organs of body.Liver is involved in 80% and lung in 10- 15%of cases. 25% of pulmonary hydatid cyst is bilateral.Before any transplantations eradication of infection is necessary.In a 26-year old man with renal failure referred for kidney transplantation. On initial preoperative evaluation of this patient hydatid cyst lesion was found in two lungs, left side operated,and right side left in place. Under treatment with albendazole kidney transplantation was performed. After two-year of follow-up, patient was in good condition and the size of right cyst did not increased