Anti-inflammatory and cell proliferative effect of the 1270 nm laser irradiation on the BALB/c Nude mouse model involves activation of the cell antioxidant system

Recently, many interdisciplinary community researchers have focused their efforts on study of the low-level light irradiation effects (photobiomodulation, PBM) as a promising therapeutic technology. Among the priorities, a search of new wavelength ranges of laser radiation to enhance the laser prospects in treatment of autoimmune and cancer diseases commonly accompanied by disorders in the antioxidant system of the body. The laser wavelengths within 1265-1270 nm corresponds to the maximum oxygen absorption band. Therefore, PBM effects on a model organism within this spectrum range are of particular interest for preclinical research. Here, we report comprehensive biomolecular studies of the changes in the BALB/c nude mice skin after an exposure to the continuous laser radiation at the 1270 nm wavelength and energy densities of 0.12 and 1.2 J/cm2. Such regime induces both local and systemic PBM effects, presumably due to the short-term increase in ROS levels, which in turn activate the cell antioxidative system

Доклиническое токсикологическое изучение алофаниба — аллостерического ингибитора рецептора фактора роста фибробластов 2 типа

Background. Inhibition of fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2 (FGFR2) appears to be appropriate in patients with tumors expressing or amplifying FGFR2. The toxicity of allosteric FGFR2 inhibitors has not been previously studied.Purpose. Evaluation of the toxicity of the anticancer drug alofanib (RPT835), allosteric inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 type (FGFR2), in standard experimental in-vivo models in rodents and non-rodents.Material and methods. The general toxic effect of the alofanib was studied in an acute and chronic experiment on outbred animals (rats and rabbits) of both sexes. An experimental study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of handling laboratory animals.Results. The assumption that inhibition of FGFR2 provides a low level of toxicity has been proved. It was established that alofanib belongs to the 4 class of low-toxic chemical substances according to the classification of hazard levels of toxic effects of drugs and to the low-risk drugs by the value of the index of the therapeutic action, as well as to the 3 class (low-toxic drugs) according to the class of hazards for clinical application. Alofanib doesn»t cause allergenic and immunotoxic effects as well as doesn»t have pyrogenic properties. Increase of phosphates level (class-specific adverse effect of FGFR2 inhibitors) was statistically significant but less evident. During the study was noticed such an adverse effect as inhibition of spermatogenesis.Conclusion. Alofanib belongs to the classes of low-hazard and low-toxic chemicals and can be studied in a clinical study.Актуальность. Ингибирование рецептора фактора роста фибробластов 2 типа (ФРФР2) представляется целесообразным у больных с опухолями, экспрессирующими или амплифицирующими ФРФР2. Токсичность аллостерических ингибиторов ФРФР2 ранее не изучалась.Цель исследования. Оценка токсичности противоопухолевого препарата алофаниб (RPT835), аллостерического ингибитора рецептора фактора роста фибробластов 2 типа (ФРФР2), в стандартных экспериментальных моделях in vivo на грызунах и негрызунах.Материалы и методы. Общетоксическое действие препарата было изучено в остром и хроническом эксперименте на беспородных животных (крысах и кроликах) обоего пола. Экспериментальное исследование было проведено в соответствии с этическими принципами обращения с лабораторными животными.Результаты. Предположение о том, что ингибирование только одного рецептора ФРФР2 обеспечит низкий уровень токсичности, подтвердилось. Установлено, что алофаниб относится к 4 классу малотоксичных химических веществ по классификации степени опасности токсического действия лекарственных средств и к малоопасным лекарственным препаратам по величине индекса широты терапевтического действия, а также к 3 классу (малотоксичный лекарственный препарат) в соответствии с классом опасности для клинического применения. Алофаниб не оказывает аллергизирующего и иммунотоксичного действия и не обладает пирогенными свойствами. Увеличение уровня фосфатов (класс-специфического нежелательного явления ФРФР ингибиторов) было статистически достоверным, но маловыраженным. В исследовании отмечен такой побочный эффект как угнетение сперматогенеза.Заключение. Алофаниб относится к классам малоопасным и малотоксичных химических веществ и может изучаться в клиническом исследовании

The role of light desynchronosis in the development of stress-induced aging

The long-term change of the light mode for three months – light desynchronosis, disturbs the rhythm of the signals received from the external pacemaker. As a result of the study, it was found that a long-term change in the light mode and a violation of the rhythmicity of signals received from an external pacemaker contributes to the activation of ROS formation as triggers for bioenergetic processes in the cell. At the same time, changing the light mode disrupts the balance of oxygen in the cell and this is a provoking factor for the stress of the antioxidant cell system. The resulting tissue hypoxia in chronic light desynchronosis disrupts the bioenergetic potential of the cell, contributing to the development of pathophysiological processes and the death of neurons. Therefore, a violation of the balance of the pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant systems leads to destructive processes in the brain. A significant change in the concentration of the neurotrohic markers indicates destructive processes in the brain tissues. Summarizing the above, we conclude that light desynchronosis is directly involved in the ROS-dependent stress-induced aging of brain cells and in that way, to the progression of processes that lead to aging of the body