Validation and inference of high‐resolution information (downscaling) of ENETwild abundance model for wild boar

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Report based on comparison of case studies in different wild boar populations representative of the different management and habitat conditions across Europe

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Effects of 25 mg oxazepam on emotional mimicry and empathy for pain: a randomized controlled experiment

<p><strong>Abstract</strong><br>Emotional mimicry and empathy are mechanisms underlying social interaction. Benzodiazepines have been proposed to inhibit empathy and promote antisocial behaviour. We aimed to investigate effects of oxazepam on emotional mimicry and empathy for pain, and secondarily to investigate the association of personality traits to emotional mimicry and empathy. Participants (<i>n</i> = 76) were randomised to 25 mg oxazepam or placebo. Emotional mimicry was examined using video clips with emotional expressions. Empathy was investigated by pain stimulating the participant and a confederate. We recorded self-rated experience, activity in major zygomatic and superciliary corrugator muscles, skin conductance, and heart rate. In the mimicry experiment, oxazepam inhibited corrugator activity. In the empathy experiment, oxazepam caused increased self-rated unpleasantness and skin conductance. However, oxazepam did not specifically inhibit emotional mimicry nor empathy for pain. Responses in both experiments were associated to self-rated empathic, psychopathic, and alexithymic traits. The present results do not support a specific effect of 25 mg oxazepam on emotional mimicry or empathy.</p

Data from: Reliability and construct validity of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised in a Swedish non-criminal sample: a multimethod approach including psychophysiological correlates of empathy for pain

Cross-cultural investigation of psychopathy measures is important for clarifying the nomological network surrounding the psychopathy construct. The Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (PPI-R) is one of the most extensively researched self-report measures of psychopathic traits in adults. To date however, it has been examined primarily in North American criminal or student samples. To address this gap in the literature, we examined PPI-R’s reliability, construct validity and factor structure in non-criminal individuals (N = 227) in Sweden, using a multimethod approach including psychophysiological correlates of empathy for pain. PPI-R construct validity was investigated in subgroups of participants by exploring its degree of overlap with (i) the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV), (ii) self-rated empathy and behavioral and physiological responses in an experiment on empathy for pain, and (iii) additional self-report measures of alexithymia and trait anxiety. The PPI-R total score was significantly associated with PCL:SV total and factor scores. The PPI-R Coldheartedness scale demonstrated significant negative associations with all empathy subscales and with rated unpleasantness and skin conductance responses in the empathy experiment. The PPI-R higher order Self-Centered Impulsivity and Fearless Dominance dimensions were associated with trait anxiety in opposite directions (positively and negatively, respectively). Overall, the results demonstrated solid reliability (test-retest and internal consistency) and promising but somewhat mixed construct validity for the Swedish translation of the PPI-R

Associations between PPI-R subscales and behavioral/physiological responding in empathy for pain (standardized regression coefficient β [95% CI]), <i>n</i> = 61 for all outcomes except heart rate responses, for which <i>n</i> = 26.

<p>Associations between PPI-R subscales and behavioral/physiological responding in empathy for pain (standardized regression coefficient β [95% CI]), <i>n</i> = 61 for all outcomes except heart rate responses, for which <i>n</i> = 26.</p

Reliability and Construct Validity of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised in a Swedish Non-Criminal Sample – A Multimethod Approach including Psychophysiological Correlates of Empathy for Pain

<div><p>Cross-cultural investigation of psychopathy measures is important for clarifying the nomological network surrounding the psychopathy construct. The Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (PPI-R) is one of the most extensively researched self-report measures of psychopathic traits in adults. To date however, it has been examined primarily in North American criminal or student samples. To address this gap in the literature, we examined PPI-R’s reliability, construct validity and factor structure in non-criminal individuals (<i>N</i> = 227) in Sweden, using a multimethod approach including psychophysiological correlates of empathy for pain. PPI-R construct validity was investigated in subgroups of participants by exploring its degree of overlap with (<i>i</i>) the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV), (<i>ii</i>) self-rated empathy and behavioral and physiological responses in an experiment on empathy for pain, and (<i>iii</i>) additional self-report measures of alexithymia and trait anxiety. The PPI-R total score was significantly associated with PCL:SV total and factor scores. The PPI-R Coldheartedness scale demonstrated significant negative associations with all empathy subscales and with rated unpleasantness and skin conductance responses in the empathy experiment. The PPI-R higher order Self-Centered Impulsivity and Fearless Dominance dimensions were associated with trait anxiety in opposite directions (positively and negatively, respectively). Overall, the results demonstrated solid reliability (test-retest and internal consistency) and promising but somewhat mixed construct validity for the Swedish translation of the PPI-R.</p></div

Data_supplement_updated160112

Data for analyses. See ReadMe file

Pearson Correlations between the PPI-R Factors, IRI-scales, STAI-T and TAS-20.

<p>Pearson Correlations between the PPI-R Factors, IRI-scales, STAI-T and TAS-20.</p