Contribution Academic counseling Represented in Indicative quotas at Performance of undergraduate students for the evolutionary tasks of professional maturity According to Super

تهدف الدراسة الحالية الى البحث عن مدى اسهام الارشاد ممثلا  في الحصص الاعلامية  في أداء الطلاب الجامعيين للمهام التطورية للنضج المهني حسب نظرية سوبر وقد اتبعنا  المنهج الوصفي  للبحث في حيثيات الدراسة التي طبقت على 150 طالب وطالبة  ولجمع البيانات صممت استمارة استبيان لهذا الغرض وبعد  معالجة البيانات احصائيا توصلنا إلى أن الارشاد الاكاديمي يساهم عن طريق  الحصص الاعلامية يساهم في اداء الطلاب للمهام التطورية للنضج المهني كما أنه تم التوصل إلى انه لا توجد فروق بين الطلاب عينة الدراسة في ذلك باختلاف الجنس والتخصص والمستوىThe present study aimed  To search About  To what extent Contribution Academic counseling Represented in Indicative quotas at Performance of undergraduate students  For the evolutionary tasks of professional maturity According to Super Theory and we followed the descriptive approach To research the aspects the study Which Applied with150 students  And To collect data A questionnaire was designed for this purpose and After statistical analysis For data We have reached the following conclusions :  Academic counseling Contributes at Performance of undergraduate students  For the evolutionary tasks of professional maturity There were no differences in that  between the study sample students according to gender, specialization and leve

Proposition D’une Demarche De Gestion Pour Reduire Les Risques De Conduite Des Projets D’implementation Des ERP Logistique

The logistics activity exercise is in fact submitted to several constraints related to physical, financial and information flows; it also requires operational expenses optimization, compliance with performance indicators and processes control. Being structured in different integrated modules, the ERPs provide operational, tactical and strategic planning features that allow the company to balance its supply and demand plans. Although project management practices are considered effective nowadays, many companies are still struggling to implement these ERPs and automate the various logistics processes: indeed the situation of such projects becomes uncontrollable or they are abandoned. It is therefore appropriate to consider, in this article, the main risks that may arise during the logistics integration in the ERPs; then try to explain the most adequate governance to implement in order to reduce their impact

La Défaillance De La Clientèle Du Micro Crédit Au Maroc : Méthodes Des Scores

The development of microfinance in Morocco dates from the 1990s and is particularly dynamic in the years 2000. Currently, and like other sectors of finance, the microfinance knows the same difficulties concerning the rate of covering. Indeed, credit risk or non-recovery of debts is likely to hinder the development of micro-finance institutions. Thus, an important place should be reserved for the business management of credit risks of borrowers notably through the anticipation of their failure. This anticipation is achievable through the use of a technical score that can affect an individual in a group, namely the right customers and failing. Drawing on the lessons of the discrimination function provided by (Saporta, 1975), judgment can be made by socio-economic and demographic characteristics of each customer and given the form taken by different variables. Calculating scores allowed us to develop a discriminating filter to note clients, identify risk classes and identify those likely to fall

The improved Clinical Global Impression Scale (iCGI): development and validation in depression

BACKGROUND: The Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI) is frequently used in medical care and clinical research because of its face validity and practicability. This study proposes to improve the reliability of the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale in depressive disorders by the use of a semi-standardized interview, a new response format, and a Delphi procedure. METHODS: Thirty patients hospitalised for a major depressive episode were filmed at T1 (first week in hospital) and at T2 (2 weeks later) during a 5' specific interview. The Hamilton Depressive Rating Scale and the Symptom Check List were also rated. Eleven psychiatrists rated these videos using either the usual CGI response format or an improved response format, with or without a Delphi procedure. RESULTS: The new response format slightly improved (but not significantly) the interrater agreement, the Delphi procedure did not. The best results were obtained when ratings by 4 independent raters were averaged. In this situation, intraclass correlation coefficients were about 0.9. CONCLUSION: The Clinical Global Impression is a useful approach in psychiatry since it apprehends patients in their entirety. This study shows that it is possible to quantify such impressions with a high level of interrater agreement

Predatory Bacteria: A Potential Ally against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria have emerged as a serious threat to human and animal health. Bdellovibrio spp. and Micavibrio spp. are Gram-negative bacteria that prey on other Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, the ability of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and Micavibrio aeruginosavorus to prey on MDR Gram-negative clinical strains was examined. Although the potential use of predatory bacteria to attack MDR pathogens has been suggested, the data supporting these claims is lacking. By conducting predation experiments we have established that predatory bacteria have the capacity to attack clinical strains of a variety of ß-lactamase-producing, MDR Gram-negative bacteria. Our observations indicate that predatory bacteria maintained their ability to prey on MDR bacteria regardless of their antimicrobial resistance, hence, might be used as therapeutic agents where other antimicrobial drugs fail. © 2013 Kadouri et al

Optimization of the medium perfusion rate in a packed-bed bioreactor charged with CHO cells

In the present study, the optimal medium perfusion rate to be used for the continuous culture of a recombinant CHO cell line in a packed-bed bioreactor made of Fibra-Cel® disk carriers was determined. A first-generation process had originally been designed with a high perfusion rate, in order to rapidly produce material for pre-clinical and early clinical trials. It was originally operated with a perfusion of 2.6vvd during production phase in order to supply the high cell density (2.5×107cellml−1 of packed-bed) with sufficient fresh medium. In order to improve the economics of this process, a reduction of the medium perfusion rate by −25% and −50% was investigated at small-scale. The best option was then implemented at pilot scale in order to further produce material for clinical trials with an improved second-generation process. With a −25% reduction of the perfusion rate, the volumetric productivity was maintained compared to the first-generation process, but a −30% loss of productivity was obtained when the medium perfusion rate was further reduced to −50% of its original level. The protein quality under reduced perfusion rate conditions was analyzed for purity, N-glycan sialylation level, abundance of dimers or aggregates, and showed that the quality of the final drug substance was comparable to that obtained in reference conditions. Finally, a reduction of −25% medium perfusion was implemented at pilot scale in the second-generation process, which enabled to maintain the same productivity and the same quality of the molecule, while reducing costs of media, material and manpower of the production process. For industrial applications, it is recommended to test whether and how far the perfusion rate can be decreased during the production phase - provided that the product is not sensitive to residence time - with the benefits of reduced cost of goods and to simplify manufacturing operation

A New Method for Isolating Host-Independent Variants of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus Using E. coli Auxotrophs

Bdellovibrios are Gram-negative bacteria that are characterized by predatory behavior. Although Bdellovibrios exhibit an obligatory parasitic life cycle, it is possible to isolate Bdellovibrio variants that no longer require host cells for their growth. In this study, a new method for isolating Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus host-independent (HI) variants was developed. Filtered B. bacteriovorus prey cells were cultured with E. coli diaminopimelic acid (DAP) auxotrophs as host cells. Thereafter, the lysate was plated on DAP minus media, allowing only HI colonies to develop. Using this method, we have isolated numerous HI variants and demonstrated that the emergence of HI variants may be occurring at a higher frequency than was previously suggested

The Use of Commercially Available Alpha-Amylase Compounds to Inhibit and Remove Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms

Staphylococcus aureus, a versatile human pathogen, is commonly associated with medical device infections. Its capacity to establish and maintain these infections is thought to be related to its ability to form adherent biofilms. In this study, commercially available α-amylase compounds from various biological sources were evaluated for their ability to reduce and prevent biofilm formation of several S. aureus isolates. Our data demonstrates that α-amylase compounds can rapidly detach biofilms of S. aureus, as well as inhibit biofilm formation. Our data also demonstrates that α-amylase compounds have an ability to reduce and disassociate S. aureus cell-aggregates grown in liquid suspension. These findings suggest that commercially available α-amylase compounds could be used in the future to control S. aureus biofilm-related infections

Development of a novel system for isolating genes involved in predator-prey interactions using host independent derivatives of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus </it>is a gram-negative bacterium that preys upon other gram-negative bacteria. Although the life cycle of <it>Bdellovibrio </it>has been extensively investigated, very little is known about the mechanisms involved in predation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Host-Independent (HI) mutants of <it>B. bacteriovorus </it>were isolated from wild-type strain 109J. Predation assays confirmed that the selected HI mutants retained their ability to prey on host cells grown planktonically and in a biofilm. A mariner transposon library of <it>B. bacteriovorus </it>HI was constructed and HI mutants that were impaired in their ability to attack biofilms were isolated. Transposon insertion sites were determined using arbitrary polymerase chain reaction. Ten HI transposon mutants mapped to genes predicted to be involved in mechanisms previously implicated in predation (flagella, pili and chemotaxis) were further examined for their ability to reduce biofilms.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In this study we describe a new method for isolating genes that are required for <it>Bdellovibrio </it>biofilm predation. Focusing on mechanisms that were previously attributed to be involved in predation, we demonstrate that motility systems are required for predation of bacterial biofilms. Furthermore, genes identified in this study suggest that surface gliding motility may also play a role in predation of biofilms consistent with Bdellovibrios occupying a biofilm niche. We believe that the methodology presented here will open the way for future studies on the mechanisms involved in <it>Bdellovibrio </it>host-prey interaction and a greater insight of the biology of this unique organism.</p

Neurodevelopmental theory of autism

&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;يعرف التوحد/ اضطراب طيف الذاتوية (ASD) على انه اضطراب عصبي نمائي (neurodéveloppemental) يؤثر سلبا على قدرات التفاعل الاجتماعي، مهارات التواصل وعدد من مجالات الاهتمامات. ، حاولت العديد من التيارات ان تقدم تفسرا لهذا الاضطراب على غرار الاتجاه العصبي&nbsp;&nbsp; الفرضية الحالية"الفرضية العصبية النمائية" تشير إلى أنه خلال النضج العصبي في الطفولة المبكرة، بعض الوظائف يمكن أن تكون مضطربة.و نظرا لأن هذه الاضطرابات تحدث في مراحل مختلفة من النمو العصبي الوظيفي، يمكن أن تكون قادرة على شرح كيف أن على المستوى الإكلينيكي يوجد اختلاف كبير لدى الفرد نفسه مقارنة مع آخرين سواء فيما يخص مظاهر التوحد أو القدرات المختلفة بين طفل لديه توحد و آخر أو عند نفس الطفل في مراحل مختلفة في حياته. عندما يهتم المختص بالتوحد حسب النظرية العصبية النمائية سيجد أنها تنقسم إلى تيارين مختلفين .&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;التيار الأول يضم باحثين يعتبرون التوحد كنتيجة لتشوهات بنيوية هامة. التيار الثاني يطرح فرضية ان التوحد نتيجة تشوهات وظيفية اكثر منها تشوهات بنيوية لذلك سنحاول من خلال هذه الورقة البحثية توضيح وجهة نظر العلوم العصبية&nbsp; للتوحد.وهو ما يوضح الخصوصية الفيزيولوجية &nbsp;لفئة المصابين باضطراب طيف التوحدEnter Autism / ASD is defined as a neurodevelopmental disorde that affects social interaction skills, communication skills and a number of areas of interest Many currents tried to Explain this disorder as - neurodevelopmental theory The "neurodevelopmental&nbsp; hypothesis" indicates that during neurological maturity of early childhood, certain functions can be disrupted. The second current hypothesis Considered&nbsp; that autism is the result of functional&nbsp; &nbsp;abnormal structural anomalies Through this study, we tray to&nbsp; clarify the psychoneurobilogical basis of autism.as neurodevelopmental theory explain it&nbsp