Variety of Singular Quadrics Containing a Projective Curve

We study the variety of rank $\leq k$ quadrics containing a general projective curve and show that it has the expected dimension in the range $g-d+r\leq 1$. By considering the loci where this expectation is not true, we construct new divisor classes in $\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{g,n}$. We use one of these classes to show that $\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{15,9}$ is of general type

Monoclonal gammapathy of undetermined significence due to chronic osteomiyelitis ( a case report )

Ayağındaki osteomiyelit nedeni ile dört kez operasyon geçiren ve 3 yıl süre antitüberküloz ilaç kullanan bir hastada monoklonal gamopati saptandı. Klinik ve laboratuar özellikleri ile önemi bilinmeyen monoklonal gamopati (ÖBMG) ile uyumlu idi. Bu yazıda kronik osteomiyelit sonrası ortaya çıkan bir ÖBMG olgusu sunulmaktadır.Monoclonal gammapathy was detected in a patient who had been operated four times for osteomiyelitis in her foot and had taken antituberculoid drugs for three years. Her clinical and laboratory findings corresponded with monoclonal gammapathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). In this articile, a case with MGUS due to chronic osteomyelitis was reported

Losartanın yeni tanı hipertansiyon hastalarının hematolojik parametrelerine ve trombosit agregasyonuna etkisi

Objective: Hypertension is associated with increased platelet function. Some antihypertensive drugs have antiplatelet activity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of losartan on platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen, epinephrine, ristocetin, other hematological and, inflammatory parameters. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five patients (19 female, 6 male; mean age: 54±8 years) with newly diagnosed hypertension were included in the study. All patients were with stage 1-2 essential hypertension according to the seventh report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. Initial blood pressure measurement was performed in all patients and losartan 100 mg/daily together with life style changes, such as diet and exercise was started. Platelet aggregation was evaluated with the use of ristocetin, epinephrine, collagen, and ADP. Complete blood count was also done. Platelet aggregation tests and blood pressure measurements were repeated after 8 weeks of therapy. Results: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure significantly decreased with losartan after 8 weeks (p<0.001). After treatment, there was no significant difference in platelet aggregation with ADP, collagen, and epinephrine (p>0.05). The aggregation with ristocetin significantly decreased (p=0.027). Besides, significantly lower hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were observed (p=0.034, p=0.039, respectively). Conclusion: Losartan may produce independent activities apart from its antihypertensive effects by providing significant reductions in platelet aggregation with ristocetin, and in hematocrit levels with hemoglobin. Therefore, it may be beneficial in the prevention of atherosclerosis and thrombosis.Amaç: Hipertansiyon artmış trombosit fonksiyonu ile ilişkilidir. Bazı antihipertansif ilaçların anti-trombosit aktiviteleri vardır. Biz bu çalışmada, losartanın adenozin difosfat (ADP), kollajen, epinefrin, ristosetin ile trombosit agregasyonuna, diğer hematolojik ve enflamatuvar parametreler üzerine etkilerinin araştırılmasını amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya yeni tanı hipertansiyonlu ortalama yaşı 54±8 yıl olan 19’u kadın, 6’sı erkek 25 hasta alındı. Yüksek kan basıncını önleme, saptama, değerlendirme ve tedavi üzerine Birleşik Komite’nin yedinci raporuna göre tüm hastaların, evre 1-2 esansiyel hipertansiyon tanısı mevcuttu. Başlangıç kan basınçları ölçüldü ve her bir hastaya diyet, egzersiz gibi yaşam tarzı değişikliği ile birlikte losartan 100 mg/gün tedavisi başlandı. Tedavi öncesi ristosetin, epinefrin, kollagen ve ADP ile trombosit agregasyonu değerlendirildi. Ayrıca tam kan sayımları ölçüldü. Trombosit agregasyon testleri ve kan basıncı ölçümleri tedaviden 8 hafta sonra tekrar değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Losartan ile 8 haftanın sonunda sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncında anlamlı düşüş saptandı (p<0,001). Tedavi sonrası, ADP, kollajen ve epinefrin seviyeleri ile trombosit agregasyonunda anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (p>0,05). Ristosetin ile agregasyon önemli ölçüde azaldı (p=0,027). Aynı zamanda, önemli ölçüde düşük hemoglobin ve hematokrit seviyeleri gözlemlendi (p=0,034 ve 0,039, sırasıyla). Sonuç: Losartan, hemoglobin ile hematokrit seviyelerinde ve ristosetinle trombosit agregasyonunda önemli ölçüde düşüş sağlayarak antihipertansif etkisinden bağımsız aktiviteler ortaya koyabilir. Bu sayede aterosklerozun ve trombozun önlenmesinde faydalı olabilir

A reason for high liver function test results: celiac disease

Çölyak hastalığı (ÇH) çevresel faktörün (gliadin) oluşturduğu bilinen tek otoimmun bozukluktur. Son yıllarda olguların %40'ında transaminaz yüksekliklerinin görülebileceği bildirilmektedir. On yedi yasında bayan olgu 5 yıldır olan halsizliğinin son 6 aydır artması şikayeti ile başvurdu. Diyare ve dispeptik yakınmalar tariflemiyordu. Muayene, solukluk dışında normaldi. ALP: 1026 IU/L (kemik kaynaklı),AST: 50 IU/L,ALT: 71 IU/L, GGT: 52 IU/L, total bilirubin 1.93 mg/dL, direkt bilirubin 1,34 mg/dL, Anti HBs, HBsAg, Anti HCV, HAV Ig M negatif, hemoglobin: 7.7 gr/dl, ferritin: 2.92 ng/ml idi. Magnetik rezonans görüntüleme ile kolanjiopankreotikografisi normal, DEXA vertebral ölçümde T skoru: -5, Z skoru: -4.7 idi. Endomisial antikor (EMA) Ig A, anti Gliadin antikor IgA>200 RU/ml (>50 pozitif) veAnti-Gliadin antikor IgG 61.5 RU/ml pozitifti. Karaciğer biyopsisisinde parankimde fokal spoty nekroz ve kolestaz bulguları vardı. Endoskopik duodenal biyosisinde villuslarda atrofi, yüzey epitelyimunda yoğun intraepitelyal lenfosit varlığı, immunhisto kimyasal boyamada intraepitelyal lenfositlerin CD3 ve CD8 ile diffüz boyandıgı, CD4 ve CD20 ile az sayıda lenfositin pozitif boyandığı gözlendi. Bulgular ÇH modifiye Marsh klasifikasyonuna göre Tip 3B ile uyumluydu. Olguya biyopsi ve antikor değerlendirmesi ile ÇH tanısı kondu. Glutensiz diyet başlandı. Tedavinin birinci ayında ALP (büyüme çağında olgu) yüksekliği dışında AST,ALT, GGT, bilirubin değerleri normal sınırlarda saptandı. Sonuç olarak karaciğer fonksiyon testi yüksekliğinin ayırıcı tanısında diyare olmasa da ÇH düşünülmelidir.Celiac disease (CD) is the only autoimmune disorder caused by an environmental factor (gliadin). Recently it has been reported that transaminase increase was seen in 40% of the cases.A17 years old female patient was admitted for increased weakness in the last 6 months, which she has been complaining for 5 years. She didn't have diarrhea or dyspepsia. Except paleness, her examination was normal. Biochemical test results were as follows;ALP:1026 IU/L (originating from bone), AST:50 IU/L, ALT:71 IU/L, GGT:52 IU/L, total bilirubin: 1.93mg/L, direct bilirubin:1.34 mg/dL, Anti-HBs, HbsAg,Anti HCV,HAVIgM were negative, hemoglobin: 7.7g/dL, and ferritin: 2.92 ng/ml. Cholangiopancreaticography with magnetic resonance imaging was resulted normal. In DEXA, vertebral measurement T score was -5 and Z score was -4.7. Endomysial autoantibody (EMA) IgA, anti gliadin antibody IgA>200 RU/ml (>50 positive), and anti gliadin antibody IgG 61.5 RU/ml were positive. Liver biopsy showed focal spotty necrosis and cholestasis in parenchyma. Endoscopic duodenal biopsy showed villous atrophy, intense intraepithelial lymphocytes in surface epithelium. Intraepithelial lymphocytes were dyed diffusely with CD3 and CD8 in immunohistochemical staining but few were dyed positively with CD4 and CD20. Findings were in agreement with type 3B according to modified Marsh classification for CD. She was diagnosed with CD according to biopsy and antibody evaluation.Agluten free diet was started. In the first month of treatment except ALP increase (she was in puberty), AST, ALT, GGT, bilirubin values were normal. In conclusion, even if no diarrhea,CDmust be thought in differential diagnosis of increased liver function tests

A case of hypotension ınduced ıschemic hepatitis

Ischemic hepatitis is a disease clinically characterized by a sudden rise in serum transaminases and lactic dehydrogenase levels to 75-to 100-fold normal levels, followed byresolutiontonear normal levels within 7 to 10 days as a result of an acute circulatory failure due to cardiovascular disease in most of the reported cases. Such impairment of liver function tests is due to haemodynamic hepatocyte injury that results from failure of hepatic perfusion. Liver biopsy shows focal centrilobularnecrosis. Ischemic hepatitis shouldbe anticipatedinallpatients with a recent history of systemic hypotension. In this paper we describe a case of ischemic hepatitis, in which an acute derangement of liver function tests occurred as a consequence of myocardial infarction and discuss features of this disease.İskemik hepatit, karaciğerde dolaşım yetmezliği sonucu, 24 saat içinde serum transaminaz ve laktik dehidrogenaz seviyelerinin normale göre 75-100 katı kadar yükselip, 7-10 gün içinde tekrar normale dönmesi ile karakterize klinik bir tablodur.İskemik hepatite hipotansiyon, hipoksi veya her ikisi birlikte öncülük edebilir ve bu olgularda hipotansiyonun en sık nedeni kardiyovasküler hastalıklardır. Histopatolojik olarak karaciğer biyopsisinde sentrilobüler nekrozun görülmesi tipiktir. Bu makalede miyokard infaktüsü sonrası gelişen hipotansiyon sonucunda karaciğer enzimlerinde ani ve belirgin yükselme ve sonrasında hızlı düşme ile ortaya çıkan iskemik hepatitli bir olguyu sunduk ve hastalığın özelliklerini tartıştık

Serum Bcl-2 Levels in Patients with β-Thalassemia Minor: A Pilot Study β-Talasemi Minörlü Hastalarda Serum Bcl-2 Düzeyleri: Pilot Çalışma

Abstract: Objective: Anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL may play a role in the survival of erythroid progenitor cells. Information about these proteins in patients with β-thalassemia minor is limited. We aimed to determine the levels of serum Bcl-2 in patients with β-thalassemia minor. Materials and Methods: Ninety-seven patients (60 females and 37 males with mean age of 29±21 years) with β-thalassemia minor were enrolled in this study. The diagnosis of β-thalassemia minor was based on whole blood counts, family history, and HbA2 levels estimated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The control group comprised 23 healthy adults (17 females and 6 males with mean age of 58±9 years) without anemia. The levels of serum Bcl-2 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mann-Whitney U tests were used in statistical evaluation and p&lt;0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results: Although there was no statistically significant difference between patients with β-thalassemia minor and the control group for the level of serum Bcl-2 (p&gt;0.05), these levels were higher in β-thalassemia minor patients than controls. Conclusion: There are damaged beta chains in β-thalassemia minor. Therefore, it is expected that premature death of red blood cells may occur due to apoptosis. The mean age of the control group was higher than that of the β-thalassemia minor group; this may be why Bcl-2 levels were higher in the β-thalassemia minor group. It is known that older age constitutes a risk for increased apoptosis. Other proteins (Bad, Bax, etc.) and pathways [CD95 (Fas) ligand] associated with apoptosis should be evaluated in future studies including more patients

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Hematologists Regarding Fertility Preservation in Turkey

Objective: Fertility preservation stands before us as an issue of quality of life for cancer patients and their partners and families. Therefore, the object of the present study was to determine the extent of the knowledge that hematologists have about fertility preservation and to understand their attitudes and practices regarding this matter. Materials and Methods: A total of 25 hematologists participated in a survey. The questionnaire included questions on sociodemographic characteristics and awareness concerning the subject of fertility preservation, as well as questions designed to determine the extent of the knowledge that hematologists had on the subject and to understand their attitudes and practices in this context. Results: Of the participants in the study, all expressed their awareness of the adverse effects that the various treatments they were prescribing could have on fertility; 2 (8%) revealed that they had never heard of the concept of fertility preservation. Of the participants, 19 (76%) indicated that they did not have adequate knowledge about fertility preservation, but 22 (88%) fortunately expressed a need for acquiring more knowledge about the subject. Of the respondents, 23 (92%) said that they did not have any brochures or published resources on this subject and stated their belief that if hematologists did have such documents, they would have more opportunity to discuss the various fertility preservation options with patients. All of the participants in the survey supported the idea of the Turkish Society of Hematology publishing a guidebook on this subject and organizing a session on fertility preservation in their regular congress. Conclusion: Meeting the needs of hematologists for training and knowledge in the subject of fertility preservation and ensuring the development of appropriate attitudes and practices in this area is an important issue. The Turkish Society of Hematology may play a significant key role