Investigating burnout levels and its determinants among the veterinary medicine students: The case of Istanbul University

This study was conducted to examine burnout levels and their determinants among veterinary medicine students. Answers (n = 447) to a survey formed the data of this study. Maslach Burnout Inventory - Student Scale, which was adapted to the Turkish language, was used to determine the burnout levels of the students. As a result, burnout levels were obtained as 13.31, 7.82, and 7.69 for Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Personal Accomplishment (PA) components, respectively. Year of study and having a hobby affected three of the burnout components. In order to determine the relationship between students’ burnout levels and students’ tendency to drop out, to work in a different profession after graduation and academic failure, a logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results revealed that year of study, weighted grade point average (WGPA), EE, DP, PA, repeating academic semester(s), number of the repeated academic semester(s), and perceived difficulty of veterinary education were significantly associated with the students’ intention to drop out of the faculty. Gender, living situation, monthly income, EE, DP and PA affected education-occupation mismatch. Furthermore, gender, year of study, WGPA, living situation, monthly income, EE, DP, PA, and perceived difficulty level of the veterinary education influenced repeating academic semester(s). The results of this study reveal that burnout syndrome would lead to students’ dropping out of the faculty, education-occupation mismatch and academic failure. Future studies must be conducted throughout the country to assess burnout syndrome in veterinary students

Toxoplasmosis and Public Health Genomics

Toxoplasma gondii infection generally causes flu-like symptoms in healthy individuals; however, immunosuppression of the infected individual causes reactivation of the pathogen to its active form and relapse of the toxoplasmosis. Today it is known that toxoplasmosis triggers psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia as well as behavioral changes such as suicide attempts. Although dermatological manifestations are very rare, the dermatological lesions are not unique. In addition, previous toxoplasma infection also causes congenital infections because of placental infection and causes birth defects and spontaneous abortion. T. gondii strains are mainly divided into three main clonal lineages, yet higher recombination rate causes unusual population structure and heterogeneous distribution of the pathogen. Both genetic variations, of the pathogen and the patients, are important for virulence property and success of the therapies. The scientist focuses on the genetic variations of the pathogens and individuals to achieve effective treatment and developed tailor-made medicines. Thus, understanding the molecular basis of the disease and the link of molecular mechanism with host immunity is important to fully know the disease and related disorders. In this chapter, we would like to evaluate the current knowledge on genetic, molecular characteristics of toxoplasmosis in view of public health genomics

Long-term prognosis of patients with heart failure: Follow-up results of journey HF-TR study population

Background: Despite advances in therapeutic management of patients with heart failure, there is still an increasing morbidity and mortality all over the world. In this study, we aimed to present the 3-year follow-up outcomes of patients included in the Journey HF-TR study in 2016 that has evaluated the clinical characteristics and management of patients with acute heart failure admitted to the hospital and present a national registry data. Methods: The study was designed retrospectively between November 2016 and December 2019. Patient data included in the previously published Journey HF-TR study were used. Among 1606 patients, 1484 patients were included due to dropout of 122 patients due to inhospital death and due to exclusion of 173 due to incomplete data. The study included 1311 patients. Age, gender, concomitant chronic conditions, precipitating factors, New York Heart Association, and left ventricular ejection fraction factors were adjusted in the Cox regression analysis. Results: During the 3-year follow-up period, the ratio of hospitalization and mortality was 70.5% and 52.1%, respectively. Common causes of mortality were acute decompensation of heart failure and acute coronary syndrome. Angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, statin, and sacubitril/valsartan were found to reduce mortality. Hospitalization due to acute decompensated heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, lung diseases, oncological diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases was associated with the increased risk of mortality. Implantation of cardiac devices also reduced the mortality. Conclusions: Despite advances in therapeutic management of patients with heart failure, our study demonstrated that the long-term mortality still is high. Much more efforts are needed to improve the inhospital and long-term survival of patients with chronic heart failure

The Analysis Of Wind Energy Support Mechanisms İn Turkey And The Evaluation By Computer Program

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Enerji Enstitüsü, 2016Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, [DATE]Enerjinin üretimi, dağıtımı ve tüketimi ancak bir ihtiyacın karşılanması durumunda anlam kazanmaktadır. Mekanik güç ihtiyacı, termik ihtiyaçlar, hammadde ihtiyaçları ve aydınlanma ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması için enerji önemli argüman olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, enerji kaynakları da enerji politikaları içinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Enerji konusunda yaşanan herhangi bir sıkıntı toplumların hem üretim kapasitesi ve çeşitliliğinde hem de hayat kaliteleri üzerinde direkt olarak etkisini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle enerji arzı konusu devlet yöneticilerinin gündemlerini devamlı meşgul ederken aynı zamanda uluslararası ilişkilerin şekillenmesinde de başat rol sahibi olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, enerji arz güvenliği, kimi zaman sıcak çatışma sebebi olarak kimi zaman da zorunlu işbirliği sebebi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. 1970'li yıllarda yaşanan petrol krizi esnasında ortaya çıkan kaos ve sonrasında kendini gösteren yeni dünya düzeni bu durumun en iyi bilinen örneğini oluşturmaktadır. Bugüne gelindiğinde fosil yakıtların iklim açısından sürdürülebilirlik problemi ve yenilenebilir enerji teknolojilerindeki büyük gelişmelerin devletler muvazenesindeki uluslararası dengeleri değiştirmesi beklenmektedir. Bilinen en eski çağlardan itibaren sürekli artış gösteren dünya nüfusu, sanayileşme oranları, gelişen teknoloji ve modern toplumların enerji yoğun bir hayat tarzını benimsemeleri global enerji tüketiminde sürekli bir artış trendi oluşmasına neden olmuştur. Çeşitli kurumlarca bu trendin devam edeceği öngörülmektedir. Bu öngörülere göre 2008-2035 aralığında yıllık enerji talep artış oranı OECD ülkeleri için % 0,6 , OECD'ye üye olmayan ülkeler için % 2,3 , dünya genelinde ise %1,6 olarak gerçekleşmesi beklenmektedir. Dünyada çevresel etkiler ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma için farkındalık arttıkça, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına ilgi de engellenemez şekilde artmaktadır. Ayrıca, yenilenebilir enerjinin popüler bir konu olması, enerji sektörüne özgü olmayan birçok yatırımcıyı da yenilenebilir enerji yatırımı yapmaya çekmektedir. 2014 sonu itibarıyla, yenilenebilir enerji sektörüne yapılan yatırımlarda önemli bir toparlanma yaşandığı görülmektedir. Son 3 yıl boyunca küresel yeni yatırımlar yükseliş trendine girerek 2014 yılında 2013 yılına göre %17'lik bir artışla toplam 270 milyar $'a ulaşmış bulunmaktadır. Gelişmekte olan ekonomilerde yapılan yatırımlar,$/MWh'lik teşvikli alım garantisi verilmektedir. Ayrıca, rüzgar türbinlerinde kullanılan mekanik ve/veya elektromekanik aksamın tamamının yerli üretim olması halinde sabit alım fiyatının üzerine 5 yıl süre ile ek teşvikler uygulanmaktadır. Rüzgar enerjisinden elektrik üretiminin teşvik edilmesinin elektrik piyasasına etkisini incelemek amacıyla 2016-2025 tarihleri arasında kurulu güç artışının değişimi öngörülmüş olup, devreye alınacak rüzgar enerjisi santralleri için alım garantisi teşviğinin 4 farklı senaryoda analizi yapılarak spot elektrik piyasası fiyatlarının değişimi gözlenmiştir. Alım garantili teşvik kapsamında, rüzgar enerjisi kurulu gücünün, toplam kurulu güçteki payının artması spot elektrik piyasası fiyatlarını aşağı yönlü baskılayıcı etki göstermektedir. Elektriğin temiz, kaliteli, ucuz ve sürekli üretimi açısından yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının elektrik üretiminde artış göstermesi olumlu karşılanabilir. Ancak, rüzgar, güneş gibi doğal kaynaklar üretkenlik bakımından değişkendir. Güneşin parladığı ya da rüzgarın estiği günler ülkede elektrik talebinin yüksek olduğu günlerle eşleşmezse beklenmedik enerji kesintileri yaşanabilir. Bu sebeple, kesintisiz ve sürdürülebilir bir enerji portföyü içinde yenilenebilir enerjinin rolü baz yük elektrik santrallerini destekleyici şekilde planlanmalıdır. Bu yüksek lisans tezi kapsamında Türkiye Elektrik Piyasası'nda rüzgar enerjisinden üretilen elektrik enerjisine verilen alım garantili teşviklerin farklı senaryolar altında spot piyasadaki elektrik fiyatlarına 2016-2025 yılları arasında etkisi APLUS Bilgisayar Programı ile simule edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları için sürdürülebilir teşvik mekanizmasının uygulanması gerekliliği öngörülmüştür.Production, distribution, and consumption of energy only gains meaning when a need is met. Energy is an important argument for the means of to meet the needs for mechanical power, thermal requirements, raw material needs, and lighting requirements. Therefore, energy resources have also an important role in the energy policy. Any problem experienced in the issue of energy shows the effect of societies both directly in the capacity and variety of production and on quality of life. For this reason, the issue of power supply plays a lead role in the forming of international relations while at the same time occupying the agendas of state administrators, and even confronts us sometimes as a cause for hot conflicts and at others a cause of mandatory cooperation. The chaos that came out of the oil crisis of the 1970s and the new world order that showed itself afterwards is the best example of this situation. Today, the sustainability problem of fossil fuels with regards to climate and large developments in renewable energy changing international balances in the equilibrium between states is expected. Global population, which has shown continuous grown beginning from the earliest known ages, rates of industrialization, technological development and modern societies adopting an energy intensive lifestyle have caused a constant growth trend in global energy consumption. It has been predicted by various organizations that this trend will continue. According to these predictions, the rate of increase of annual energy demand will be 0.6% for OECD countries, 2.3% for non-OECD countries, and 1.6% for the world in general. At the end of 2014, a substantial recovery has been experienced in investments made in the renewable energy sector. In the last 3 years, global new investments entered an increase trend and reached $270 billion in 2014 with an increase of 17$/MWh starting from the date the plant commences operation is being given. Furthermore, if all the mechanical and/or electromechanical parts to be used in the wind turbines are made domestically, additional incentives are being implemented for a 5-year period on the fixed purchase price. With the aim of examining the effect of the encouraging of electricity production from wind energy on the electricity market, change in the increase of the installed capacity between 2016 and 2025 is being predicted and it has been observed in the forecast that if the purchase guarantee incentives would change for wind energy plants that are to be brought into operation is to continue that spot electricity market prices are effected. In the scope of the purchase guarantee incentive, the increasing of the share of the installed capacity of wind energy in the total installed capacity shows a supressing effect in lowering spot electricity market prices. With regards to clean, quality, cheap, and continuous production of electricity, the increase of renewable energy sources in electricity production can be received positively. However natural resources such as wind and the sun are variable in terms of productivity. If days when the sun shines and winds blow do not match days when the demand for energy in the country is high, unexpected power cuts can be experienced. For this reason, it must be planned for the role of renewable energy to support base load electricity plants in a continuous and sustainable energy portfolio. As a result, so long as the purchase guarantee incentives given for electrical energy produced from wind energy continue in the Turkish Energy Market, it has been simulated with the APLUS Computer Program based on the different scenarios that electricity prices in the spot market will be effected between the years 2016 and 2025. A dynamic mechanism is needed for the sustainable incentive mechanism.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

Günümüz Türkiye sinemasında taşra temsilleri ve mikro-iktidar ilişkileri bağlamında birey-toplum analizi : Nuri Bilge Ceylan filmleri

Bu çalışma, Tanzimat Dönemi’nden günümüze edebiyat ve sinema alanlarında temsil edilen taşra anlatıları çerçevesinde, Nuri Bilge Ceylan filmlerinde temsil edilen taşra anlayışı ile taşra yaşamında kurulan mikro-iktidar ilişkilerini analiz etmeyi hedeflemektedir. Çalışma, taşra yaşamına dair iktidar ilişkilerini edebiyat ve sinema üzerinden ele almasıyla, Türkiye siyasetinin merkez-çevre ikiliklerini bütünlüklü bir sosyolojik bakışla çözümleme gayreti taşımaktadır. Çalışmada bu amaçla bir sosyal bilim metodolojisi olarak söylem analizi kullanılırken, teorik olarak Michel Foucault, Hannah Arendt ve Pierre Bourdieu’nün mikro-iktidar teorilerinden yaralanılmıştır. Çalışmada analiz edilen romanlar siyasal ve sosyal bir dönemselleştirmeyle ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın ilgili bölümünde analiz edilen romanlar incelendiğinde, edebiyat alanında temsil edilen taşra yaşamının inşasında, her bir dönemin sosyal koşullarının romancılar tarafından takip edildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Sinemada taşra anlatılarının kurulmasında ise, özellikle 2000’li yıllarla birlikte taşranın farklı kavramsallaştırmalarının gün yüzüne çıktığı görülmüştür. Buna göre, ilk olarak birçok yönetmenin taşrayı özlenilen, samimi ve mutlu ilişkileriyle devinen mekan olması özelliğiyle birlikte, nostaljik imgelerle kurduğu görülmüştür. Ancak aralarında Nuri Bilge Ceylan’ın da yer aldığı bazı yönetmenlerin, taşraya “taşra sıkıntısı” bağlamında yaklaşırken, taşranın yarattığı bireysel ve toplumsal açmazlara odaklandıkları sonucuna varılmıştır. Çalışmanın Nuri Bilge Ceylan filmleriyle ilgili ana bulgusuysa, Ceylan’ın ilk olarak taşrayı kavramsallaştırırken, onu nostaljik ögelerle öne çıkarmayarak dönemdaşı olan yönetmenlerden ayrılmasıdır. İkinci olarak Ceylan taşraya bakarken, taşranın yoksunluğunu ve boğucu atmosferini resmetse de ona toplumsal gerçekçi bir bakış açısıyla yaklaşmaz. Buna rağmen, Ceylan’ın incelenen her bir filminde, bireyler arası mikro-iktidar ilişkilerini ustalıkla temsil ettiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. -------------------- This study aimes to analyze of provincial approaches and micro-power relations represented in the movies of Nuri Bilge Ceylan within the frame of provincial/countryside (taşra) representations in the field of literature and cinema from Tanzimat Era to present. Regarding studying on power relations through literature and cinema, this study has a purpose of an integrated sociological analysis about center-periphery dichotomies of Turkish politics. While it is used discourse analysis as a social science methodology, it is made use of micro-power theories of Michel Foucault, Hannah Arendt, and Pierre Bourdieu. Novels analyzed in this study are discussed with a periodization. When the novels analyzed in the relevant chapter of the study are examined, it is concluded that the social and political condition of each period of Turkish social life were followed by the novelists in the construction of the provincial life represented in the field of literature. In the construction of provincial narratives in the cinema, different conceptualizations of the provinces have been revealed in the 2000s especially. First of all, it was evaluated that most directors constructed the taşra with the nostalgic image with the feature of being a space that is known with sincere and happy relations. However, it was concluded that some of the directors, including Nuri Bilge Ceylan, has been a focus on individual ve social desperation created by taşra while they were looking for taşra in the context of “provincial boredom/gloom (taşra sıkıntısı)”. The main finding of this study related to Nuri Bilge Ceylan movies is that Ceylan who did not conceptualize the taşra as nostalgic value becomes different of director of his period firstly. Secondly, While Ceylan who was presenting taşra life with its deprivation and the boring atmosphere, he does not analyze it as a social realistic. Notwithstanding, it is concluded that in each of the movies of Ceylan examined in this study, the micro-power relations of inter-individual are masterfully represented

Investigation of the friction behavior of plasma spray Mo/NiCrBSi coated brake discs

This paper presents the findings of comparative research conducted to find out the braking performance of a Mo/NiCrBSi coated automobile brake disc. The friction and wear behavior of the Mo/NiCrBSi coating (CD) used for the disc material was evaluated using a laboratory scale disc-pad dynamometer and compared with a reference disc (RD). The coating was deposited by means of the atmospheric plasma spray process on a grey cast iron substrate. Braking tests were performed according to the SAE-J2430 test standard. Disc microstructures were characterized by SEM and XRD. It was found that the bonding strength was good with an infinite rating between the accumulated coating layer and the substrate. The results show that the coated brake disc has a comparable coefficient of friction and that the amount of wear is lower than that of the reference disc. The addition of ductile phases to the disc coating was beneficial in reducing the coefficient of friction to an acceptable degree and also effectively improving wear resistance.WOS:00063679400000

Investigating of braking and tribological features of granite powder additive brake linings

Brake fillings are among the most wearing parts in motor vehicles. The market of the brake fillings, having a high consumption rate, is also quite fast. Therefore, manufacturing companies compete all the time in terms of quality and market. These companies keep the required available information and research and development activities deal with brake filling production in strict confidence. What is expected from a brake lining is to provide minimal friction and abrasion values, not to damage the human health and environment, to economise and to contribute to national economy. In our study performed in accordance with these purposes, instead of barite as brake filling component, granite powder additive brake linings were manufactured by means of providing granite powder from our country. Besides, granite powder, which is an industrial waste material was used instead of barite as a filling material, and also its braking characteristics was studied. © 2018 Scibulcom Ltd. All rights reserved.:106M006This research is funded by the Scientific & Technological Research Council of TURKEY (TÜBİTAK) (Grant Reference No:106M006). The authors wish to acknowledge the TÜBİTAK and our partner organizations for their support.2-s2.0-8504831328

Effects on Antibacterial and DNA Protection of Organic Dyestuff Extracts Obtained from Hazelnut Nuthusk

Hazelnut is of great important in agricultural export of our country. It has an annual export of one and a half billion dollars. Every new product that will increase the value of the nut is very important. In recent years, natural dye materials used especially in textile materials are important and those of plant origin are preferred. For this purpose, we have made a natural dye extracts from hazelnut nuthusk after collected, dried and grinded of samples. Some biological activities have been carried out showing the suitability for industrial use of the dye extracts obtained from hazelnut nuthusk. Within the scope of our study, the effect of extracts obtained from the hazelnut nuthusk of the Düzce region was evaluated on anti-bacterial and DNA protection. From the extracts obtained, antibacterial activity tests were analyzed by disk diffusion method using 3 different standard bacterial strains as S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa. pBR322 plasmid DNA and UV-C method was used for DNA protective activity. Four different extracts of dyestuff has showed antibacterial activities to S. Aureus and two different of them P. aeruginosa but none of the samples antibacterial properties to E. coli bacterial strains. It has been determined that the all of dyestuffs extracts obtained from the hazelnut nuthusk have potential for protection against the effects of UV-C and H2O2 on DNA

Ramus Kaynaklı Otojen Kortikal Kemik Plakaları ile Atrofik Posterior Maksillanın 3 Boyutlu Ogmentasyonu

Giriş: Maksiller posterior bölgedeki diş kayıplarını takiben meydana gelen alveolar kret rezorpsiyonu vemaksiller sinüsün pnömatizasyonu, fizyolojik olaylardır. İleri derecede atrofik rezidüel kret varlığında,horizontal/vertikal sert doku ve sinüs tabanı ogmentasyonları, doğru vaka seçimi ve cerrahi planlamayla birlikteyüksek düzeyde tahmin edilebilirlik ve başarı oranlarıyla kullanılmaktadır. Bu vakada, atrofik maksiller posteriorbölgedeki dişsizliğin implantla tedaviye hazırlanması maksadıyla, lateral yaklaşımlı sinüs tabanıogmentasyonuna ek olarak, ramus kaynaklı otojen kortikal kemik laminalarıkullanılarak vertikal ve horizontalsert doku ogmentasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir.Materyal ve Metod: Rezidüel kret yüksekliği 1 mm olan dişsiz maksiller sol posterior bölgede tamkalınlık flep elevasyonunu takiben lateral kemik penceresi oluşturuldu, Schneiderian membranı eleve edildi veoluşturulan boşluğa xenogreft yerleştirilerek lateral yaklaşımlı sinüs tabanı ogmentasyonu gerçekleştirildi.Defektif bölgenin boyutlarına uygun olarak sol ramustan piezocerrahi ile alınan 20x10x4 mm boyutlarındakortikal blok greft 2 mm kalınlığında 2 ince plakaya ayrılarak oklüzal ve bukkalden mini vidalarla bölgeyesabitlendi. Aynı bölgeden kemik kazıyıcıyla toplanan otojen greft, xeno greftle 1/1 karıştırılarak bölgeyeyerleştirildi. Kortikal kemik plakalarının kenarları yumuşatıldı. Primer kapatma için periost insizyonlarıylaesnetilen flep, 5.0-polipropilen süturla kapatıldı. 8 ay sonra tam kalınlık flep kaldırılarak mini vidalar çıkarıldı,#25 ve #27 bölgelerine 2 adet 4,5x11,5 mm implant yerleştirildi.Bulgular: Rezidüel kret yükseklikleri 3,5mm ve 1mm olan #25 ve #27 bölgelerinde sırasıyla 20 mm ve17 mm yükseklik ve 7 mm genişlik elde edildi. 8 aylık iyileşme periyodunun sonunda ilgili bölgelere implantlaryerleştirilerek hasta protetik aşamaya hazır hale getirildi.Tartışma ve Sonuç: Diş kaybı sonrası meydana gelen alveolar kret rezorpsiyonu ve sinüspnömatizasyonu sonucunda rezidüel kret yüksekliği ve genişliğinin implant cerrahisi için yetersiz olduğudurumlarda, mandibula ramus bölgesinden elde edilen, aralarına partiküler greft yerleştirilen, oklüzal ve bukkalduvar görevi gören ince kortikal kemik plakalarının kullanımı, horizontal ve vertikal sert doku ogmentasyonundatahmin edilebilir doku kazancı ve minimum greft rezorpsiyonu ile başarılı sonuçlar vermektedir.Introduction: Bone resorption and pneumatization of the maxillary sinus following tooth loss arephysiological processes in posterior maxilla. In advanced atrophic crests, horizontal/vertical bone and sinusaugmentations are performed with high predictability and success rates with proper case selection andplanning. In this case, 3-dimensional bone augmentation was performed using autogenous cortical bonelaminae from ramus, in addition to lateral approached sinus floor augmentation, to prepare the area forimplants.Materials and Methods: Following full-thickness flap elevation in the region with a residual ridge heightof 1 mm, lateral approach sinus floor augmentation was performed with xenograft. Cortical block withdimensions of 20x10x4 mm harvested from the left mandibular ramus with piezosurgery and was seperatedinto 2 laminae of 1,5 mm thickness and fixed with mini screws to create occlusal and buccal walls. Autogenousgraft collected from the donor area with bone scraper was mixed with xenograft and placed between the walls.The edges of the laminae were smoothed. Flap was advanced with periosteal releasing incisions and closedwith 5.0 polypropylene suture. After 8 months, the mini screws were removed and two 4,5x11.5 mm implantswere placed in sites #25 and #27.Results: