Del nom del suís Ixobrichus minutus

The popular name ofLittle Bittern Ixobrichus minutus. An hypothesis based on texts of Mn Alcover is presented that could explain the popular naming of Ixobrichus minutus in Menorca and Mallorca

Comentaris a les llistes d'aus capturades a Mallorca de B. Nadal, període 1970-1982

Comentaris a les llistes d’Aus capturades a Mallorca, període 1970- 1982. El present article és un recull de comentaris i observacions sobre les espècies més interessants que s’anomenen al treball d’en Bartomeu Nadal. Es fa una comparació dels estatus actuals de les espècies de les llistes amb la quantitat d’exemplars capturats i les dates de captura. Per algunes espècies es suggereix un canvi de l’estatus actual.Commentaries on the lists of Birds captured in Mallorca by B. Nadal, during the periods 1970-1982. This article is the recollection of commentaries and observations on the most interesting species mentioned in Tomeu Nadal’s work.We compare the current status of the species on his lists with the quantity and dates of the birds captured. For some of the species a change of status is suggested

Tendències demogràfiques de l'avifauna de les Balears del 1975 al 2000

Tendències demogràfiques de l'avifauna de les Balears del 1975 al 2000. En el present treball, s'avalua segons l'experiència dels autors l'evolució demogràfica de 134 espècies i poblacions insulars dels aucells de les Balears en els darrers 25 anys. El mètode ha estat de contrast de les opinions dels firmants, i té sols el valor de l'apreciació general de les tendències de les espècies. 59 espècies es troben en expansió, 53 en regressió i 22 es consideren estables. Es proposa una fórmula d'anàlisi dels distints grups de l'avifauna, considerant el sumatori de les tendències de les espècies de cada grup, i comparant els resultats amb una operació aritmètica que genera un índex de -10 a + 10, segons l'estat de conservació de les espècies de cada grup. En termes generals, destaca el bon estat de conservació de les aus marines, els rapinyaires diürns i les aus de zones humides. En general, l'avifauna sedentària i hivernal presenta uns índexs favorables de conservació. En canvi, els passeriformes granívors i insectívors, lligats ecològicament als terrenys de cultiu, tant de reguiu com de secà, pateixen una regressió significativa. L'avifauna migratòria i estival no es troba en situació tan favorable com la sedentària i l'hivernal. Els esforços de conservació s'haurien de concentrar en les espècies de regressió constatada, i en els grups en situació desfavorable. La protecció legal específica i la gestió dels espais naturals protegits han suposat resultats molt importants per a la protecció de l'avifauna balear. En canvi, les espècies i grups que depenen de l'activitat agrària, i que són afectats per biocides i pràctiques agrícoles tecnificades, estan en regressió. Seria convenient un increment dels esforços de conservació en el seu favor. Com a proposta de futur, és molt aconsellable que s'incrementin els esforços de quantificació científica de l'avifauna, sigui amb recomptes absoluts de la població, sigui amb estudis de densitat, que permetrien tant una valoració més sòlida de les tendències, com el càlcul d'índex més real que el que s'ha obtingut per aquest treball.Demographic trends of the avifauna of the Balearic Islands from 1975 to 2000. In this paper we evaluate, according to the personal experience of the authors, the demographic evolution of 134 species and the insular birds populations of the Balearics over the past 25 years. The method used has been the contrast of opinions of the authors, and its only value is the general perception in the tendencies of the species. 59 species are in expansion, 53 in regression and 22 are stable. A formula is proposed to analyse the different groups of the avifauna, considering the sum of the tendencies in the species of each group. In general terms, we could point out the good state of conservation of sea birds, birds of prey and waders. In general, sedentary and wintering birds show a good conservation index. On the contrary, the Passeriformes, seed eaters and insectivorous, tied ecologically to arable land either by irrigation or dry farming, are in regression. The migratory and summer avifauna are not in such a good situation as the sedentary and wintering. Work should concentrate on the species that are in regression and on those groups that are in an unfavourable situation. Good results have been shown in natural areas with legal protection and management. On the contrary, those species that depend on farming activities that include technified practices, are in regression. It would be convenient that efforts were made to increase their conservation. As a future proposal, an increase in scientific quantification of the avifauna is advised, whether with absolute counts of the population, with density studies that would allow a more solid evaluation of the tendencies, or with more realistic calculations than those given in this paper

Defective minor spliceosome mRNA processing results in isolated familial growth hormone deficiency

The molecular basis of a significant number of cases of isolated growth hormone deficiency remains unknown. We describe three sisters affected with severe isolated growth hormone deficiency and pituitary hypoplasia caused by biallelic mutations in the RNPC3 gene, which codes for a minor spliceosome protein required for U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) formation and splicing of U12-type introns. We found anomalies in U11/U12 di-snRNP formation and in splicing of multiple U12-type introns in patient cells. Defective transcripts include preprohormone convertases SPCS2 and SPCS3 and actin-related ARPC5L genes, which are candidates for the somatotroph-restricted dysfunction. The reported novel mechanism for familial growth hormone deficiency demonstrates that general mRNA processing defects of the minor spliceosome can lead to very narrow tissue-specific consequences.Peer reviewe

Els noms d'aucells recomanats en l'àmbit balear

Els noms d’aucells recomanats en l’àmbit balear. El present article inclou la llista de noms d’aucells d’ús recomanat a l’àmbit balear, elaborat per ornitòlegs de totes les illes, amb la supervisió de la Universitat de les Illes Balears, i descriu els objectius i el procés amb els quals ha estat elaborada.Recommended names of birds in the Balearic context. This article includes the list of recommended bird names for use in the Balearic context, developed by ornithologists from all the islands, under the supervision of the University of the Balearic Islands, and describes the objectives and the process which led to their determination

Neuroprotective role of PKD1 against ischemic and kainic acid-induced brain injury

Trabajo presentado en el Second Spanish Molecular Imaging Network (SMIN) Meeting, celebrado en Madrid (España) el 26 de febrero de 2018

Adeno-associated viral vector serotype 9-based gene therapy for Niemann-Pick disease type A

Niemann-Pick disease type A (NPD-A) is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by neurodegeneration and early death. It is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding for acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), which hydrolyzes sphingomyelin into ceramide. Here, we evaluated the safety of cerebellomedullary (CM) cistern injection of adeno-associated viral vector serotype 9 encoding human ASM (AAV9-hASM) in nonhuman primates (NHP). We also evaluated its therapeutic benefit in a mouse model of the disease (ASM-KO mice). We found that CM injection in NHP resulted in widespread transgene expression within brain and spinal cord cells without signs of toxicity. CM injection in the ASM-KO mouse model resulted in hASM expression in cerebrospinal fluid and in different brain areas without triggering an inflammatory response. In contrast, direct cerebellar injection of AAV9-hASM triggered immune response. We also identified a minimally effective therapeutic dose for CM injection of AAV9-hASM in mice. Two months after administration, the treatment prevented motor and memory impairment, sphingomyelin (SM) accumulation, lysosomal enlargement, and neuronal death in ASM-KO mice. ASM activity was also detected in plasma from AAV9-hASM CM-injected ASM-KO mice, along with reduced SM amount and decreased inflammation in the liver. Our results support CM injection for future AAV9-based clinical trials in NPD-A as well as other lysosomal storage brain disorders.Nation Foundation and by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (SAF-2014-57539-R and SAF2017-87698-R) to M.D.L. and from NIH-NINDS (R01NS073940) to K.S.B. A.P.-C. was a recipient of the FPU predoctoral fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity and Fundación Ramón Areces to the Centro Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa

Interventions in health organisations to reduce the impact of adverse events in second and third victims

Background Adverse events (AE) are also the cause of suffering in health professionals involved. This study was designed to identify and analyse organization-level strategies adopted in both primary care and hospitals in Spain to address the impact of serious AE on second and third victims. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in healthcare organizations assessing: safety culture; health organization crisis management plans for serious AE; actions planned to ensure transparency in communication with patients (and relatives) who experience an AE; support for second victims; and protective measures to safeguard the institution’s reputation (the third victim). Results A total of 406 managers and patient safety coordinators replied to the survey. Deficient provision of support for second victims was acknowledged by 71 and 61 % of the participants from hospitals and primary care respectively; these respondents reported there was no support protocol for second victims in place in their organizations. Regarding third victim initiatives, 35 % of hospital and 43 % of primary care professionals indicated no crisis management plan for serious AE existed in their organization, and in the case of primary care, there was no crisis committee in 34 % of cases. The degree of implementation of second and third victim support interventions was perceived to be greater in hospitals (mean 14.1, SD 3.5) than in primary care (mean 11.8, SD 3.1) (p?<?0.001). Conclusions Many Spanish health organizations do not have a second and third victim support or a crisis management plan in place to respond to serious AEs

The aftermath of adverse events in spanish primary care and hospital health professionals

Background Adverse events (AEs) cause harm in patients and disturbance for the professionals involved in the event (second victims). This study assessed the impact of AEs in primary care (PC) and hospitals in Spain on second victims. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. We carried out a survey based on a random sample of doctors and nurses from PC and hospital settings in Spain. A total of 1087 health professionals responded, 610 from PC and 477 from hospitals. Results A total of 430 health professionals (39.6%) had informed a patient of an error. Reporting to patients was carried out by those with the strongest safety culture (Odds Ratio –OR- 1.1, 95% Confidence Interval –CI- 1.0-1.2), nurses (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.5-2.3), those under 50 years of age (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6-0.9) and primary care staff (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5-0.9). A total of 381 (62.5%, 95% CI 59-66%) and 346 (72.5%, IC95% 69-77%) primary care and hospital health professionals, respectively, reported having gone through the second-victim experience, either directly or through a colleague, in the previous 5 years. The emotional responses were: feelings of guilt (521, 58.8%), anxiety (426, 49.6%), re-living the event (360, 42.2%), tiredness (341, 39.4%), insomnia (317, 38.0%) and persistent feelings of insecurity (284, 32.8%). In doctors, the most common responses were: feelings of guilt (OR 0.7 IC95% 0.6-0.8), re-living the event (OR 0.7, IC95% o.6-0.8), and anxiety (OR 0.8, IC95% 0.6-0.9), while nurses showed greater solidarity in terms of supporting the second victim, in both PC (p?=?0.019) and hospital (p?=?0.019) settings. Conclusions Adverse events cause guilt, anxiety, and loss of confidence in health professionals. Most are involved in such events as second victims at least once in their careers. They rarely receive any training or education on coping strategies for this phenomenon

Producción de ovino de carne en medio semiárido

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