Abrasive Wear Performance of Fe₂B Layers Applied on Steel Substrates

The resistance of dry abrasive wear in Fe2B layer deposited on AISI D2 and 1040 steel substrates, using the powder-pack boriding process, was evaluated. The boriding process was carried out at temperatures of 1220 and 1320 K for a time of 8 h. A Rockwell hardness tester was used to assess the Daimler-Benz adhesion test. The abrasive wear tests were carried out in dry conditions according to the ASTM G65 test standard. The test parameters used were a sand flow of 400 g/min, a nominal rubber wheel constant rotation of 200 rpm, a load of 122 N, and a sliding distance of 716.28 m. The type of abrasive used was steel round grit with a grain size of 260 μm and a hardness of 1100 HV. The total time for each test was 30 min, removing the specimens every 5 min to determine the amount of mass loss using an analytical balance (sensitivity of 0.0001 g). The average value of volume loss and wear rates is reported. Optical microscopy and SEM were carried out in order to identify the wear mechanisms. The wear mechanisms presented in this study were two-body abrasive wear, pitting action, and plastic deformation

Spat nursery of the American oyster Crassostrea virginica with application of probiotic actinomycetes and homeopathic medicines

Se evaluó durante 30 días el efecto de actinobacterias probióticas y medicamentos homeopáticos, así como su combinación, sobre la condición fisiológica de juveniles tempranos de ostra Americana Crassostrea virginica durante su preengorda en laboratorio ostrícola comercial. En el diseño experimental se incluyeron cinco tratamientos: [T1 (Streptomyces sp. RL8), T2 (ViP 7C+ViA 7C), T3 (PhA 7C+SiT 7C), T4 (ViP 7C+ViA 7C+RL8), T5 (PhA 7C+SiT 7C+RL8)] y dos controles: [T6 (Etanol) y T7 (Agua Destilada)], con tres réplicas cada uno. Como variables fisiológicas de respuesta se evaluó el Índice de Glándula Digestiva (IGD) y el Índice Muscular (IM). Al concluir el bioensayo (T30) se observó un valor mayor promedio del IGD en los juveniles que recibieron los tratamientos T3, T4 y T5, así como diferencias con relación al IM, con valores máximos en los que recibieron T3, T5, y T6. Estos resultados demuestran que el uso de actinomicetos probióticos y de medicamentos homeopáticos tienen aplicabilidad productiva para mejorar la condición fisiológica y desempeño de C. virginica, con potencial efecto positivo en su rendimiento biológico y económico durante la preengorda de semillas en laboratorio y su cultivo en mar.The effect of probiotic actinobacteria and homeopathic medicines, as well as their combination, on the physiological condition of early juveniles of American oyster Crassostrea virginica during their nursing in a commercial oyster laboratory was evaluated for 30 days. Five treatments were included in the experimental design: [T1 (Streptomyces sp. RL8), T2 (ViP 7C + VIA 7C), T3 (PhA 7C + SIT 7C), T4 (ViP 7C + VIA 7C + RL8), T5 (PhA 7C + SIT 7C + RL8)] and two controls: [T6 (Ethanol) and T7 (Distilled Water)], with three replicates each. As physiological response variables, the Digestive Gland Index (IGD) and the Muscular Index (MI) were evaluated. At the end of the bioassay (T30), a higher average value of the IGD was observed in juveniles that received the treatments T3, T4 and T5, as well as differences in relation to the MI, with maximum values in juveniles that received T3, T5, and T6. These results demonstrate that the use of probiotic actinomycetes and homeopathic medicines has productive applicability to improve the physiological condition and performance in C. virginica, with a positive potential effect on their biological and economic performance during hatchery-nursery stage and sea farming. &nbsp

Psychometric properties of Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire –GHQ-28– in informal primary caregivers of cancer patients

Objective. To determine the psychometric properties of Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire –GHQ-28– in a sample of Mexican primary caregivers of cancer patients. Method: Two hundred and seventy six caregivers participated in this protocol, 205 of which were women (74.3%) and 71 were men (25.7%). Participants answered the GHQ-28 and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) concurrently. Results. The internal consistency of the overall scale showed a satisfactory index (α = 0.91). The Cronbach alphas of the subscale had a value of α = .86, α = .76, explaining the 53.42% of the variance. The correlation validity by BDI showed significant outcomes (Pearson r= 0.723 - 0.427, p <0.05). Conclusions. The relevance of the outcomes is that this is a population that can show damages in the overall health throughout the process of care for cancer patients

Aquacultural Homoeopathy: A Focus on Marine Species

Homoeopathy is an alternative medical system proposed by Samuel Hahnemann in the eighteenth century. It uses highly diluted and agitated substances that derived from plants, minerals or animals, which have shown to be effective in human medicine, agronomy, veterinary, and as a novelty, in marine aquaculture. Aquacultural homoeopathy has developed rapidly in recent years, partially motivated by the misuse of powerful drugs (hormones, antibiotics, disinfectants) that when solving a problem generate undesirable side effects. In the last 10 years, scientific articles have been published on its application in freshwater fish native to Brazil, obtaining beneficial effects on growth, survival, hepatosomatic index, development of muscle fibres and lipid content in muscle. At Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR, Mexico: www.cibnor.mx), we have studied the effects of homoeopathy to improve the culture of economically important marine species of molluscs, fish and shrimp. In this chapter, we show a selection of different research with preliminary or advanced results, related to the use of homoeopathy and its impact on zootechnic, biochemical, genomic and transcriptomic parameters in marine molluscs, fish and crustaceans. The results obtained suggest that homoeopathy is an eco-friendly alternative applicable in aquaculture industry to improve various productive and health aspects

1er. Coloquio de educación para el diseño en la sociedad 5.0

Las memorias del 1er. Coloquio de Educación para el Diseño en la Sociedad 5.0 debenser entendidas como un esfuerzo colectivo de la comunidad de académicos de la División de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño, que pone de manifiesto los retos y oportunidades que enfrenta la educación en diseño en un contexto de cambio acelerado y rompimiento de paradigmas.El evento se realizó el pasado mes de mayo de 2018 y se recibieron más de 50 ponencias por parte de las profesoras y profesores de la División.Las experiencias y/o propuestas innovadoras en cuanto a procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje que presentan los autores en cada uno de sus textos son una invitación a reflexionar sobre nuestra situación actual en la materia, y emprender acciones en la División para continuar brindando una educación de calidad en diseño a nuestras alumnas, alumnos y la sociedad.Adicionalmente, se organizaron tres conferencias magistrales sobre la situación actual de la educación en Diseño y de las Instituciones de Educación Superior, impartidas por el Mtro. Luis Sarale, profesor de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo en Mendoza (Argentina), y Presidente en su momento, de la Red de Carreras de Diseño en Universidades Públicas Latinoamericanas (DISUR), el Dr. Romualdo López Zárate, Rector de la Unidad Azcapotzalco, así como del Mtro. Luis Antonio Rivera Díaz, Jefe de Departamento de Teoría y Procesos del Diseño de la División de la Ciencias de la Comunicación y Diseño, en la Unidad Cuajimalpa de nuestra institución.La publicación de estas memorias son un esfuerzo divisional, organizado desde la Coordinación de Docencia Divisional y la Coordinación de Tecnologías del Aprendizaje, del Conocimiento y la Comunicación, para contribuir a los objetivos planteados en el documento ACCIONES:Agenda CyAD2021, en particular al eje de Innovación Educativa. Es necesario impulsar a todos los niveles de la División espacios de discusión orientados a reflexionar sobre el presente y futuro en la educación del diseñador, que contribuya a mejorar la calidad de la docencia y favorezca al fortalecimiento de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje.Finalmente, extiendo un amplio reconocimiento a todos los miembros de la División que hicieron posible este evento, así como a todos los ponentes y participantes por compartir su conocimiento para que la División sea cada día mejor

Efecto de medicamentos homeopáticos de uso humano en reproductores de ostión Americano Crassostrea virginica: Effect of homeopathic medicines in Crassostrea virginica broodstock

En laboratorio ostrícola comercial (Centro Ostrícola Tecnológico de Tabasco, COTET-México), se evaluó el efecto de medicamentos homeopáticos autorizados para uso humano por la Secretaría de Salud de México y productos homeopáticos diseñados por el CIBNOR (Patente en trámite), en adultos reproductores de ostión Americano Crassostrea virginica. La respuesta fisiológica se cuantificó mediante la frecuencia de estadios de desarrollo gonádico (%) en hembras y machos en un periodo de 30 días. En el diseño experimental se consideró una muestra inicial (T0), dos tratamientos homeopáticos [T1 (ViP-7C + ViA-7C), T2 (PhA- 7C + SiT-7C)] y un tratamiento control T3 (Agua Destilada). Al concluir el bioensayo (T30), los reproductores que recibieron tratamiento homeopático, fueron capaces de desovar y producir larvas viables

Anti-HER2 Therapy Beyond Second-Line for HER2- Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Short Review and Recommendations for Several Clinical Scenarios from a Spanish Expert Panel

BACKGROUND: The aim of this project was to provide an expert opinion regarding anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) therapy beyond second-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer (mBC). METHODS: A group of experts discussed specific issues concerning anti-HER2 therapy in late-line settings in mBC. RESULTS: Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) or dual HER2 blockade appeared to be good options for HER2-positive mBC after ≥ 2 HER2-targeted therapies. Once an objective response has been achieved with anti-HER2-containing therapy, the anti-HER2 agent can be continued until progression of the disease, unacceptable toxicity or patient decision. mBC treated with ≥ 3 consecutive lines of anti-HER therapy, ≥ 1 being a dual HER2 blockade and with early progression of disease during a fourth or later-line treatment, are clinically resistant to anti-HER therapy. For progression of metastasis in the brain after anti-HER2 therapy, lapatinib and chemotherapy appear to be a good alternative after best local treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Further clinical trials are needed to provide valuable knowledge about the best treatment options in the later settings of mBC

Anti-HER2 Therapy Beyond Second-Line for HER2- Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Short Review and Recommendations for Several Clinical Scenarios from a Spanish Expert Panel

BACKGROUND: The aim of this project was to provide an expert opinion regarding anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) therapy beyond second-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer (mBC). METHODS: A group of experts discussed specific issues concerning anti-HER2 therapy in late-line settings in mBC. RESULTS: Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) or dual HER2 blockade appeared to be good options for HER2-positive mBC after ≥ 2 HER2-targeted therapies. Once an objective response has been achieved with anti-HER2-containing therapy, the anti-HER2 agent can be continued until progression of the disease, unacceptable toxicity or patient decision. mBC treated with ≥ 3 consecutive lines of anti-HER therapy, ≥ 1 being a dual HER2 blockade and with early progression of disease during a fourth or later-line treatment, are clinically resistant to anti-HER therapy. For progression of metastasis in the brain after anti-HER2 therapy, lapatinib and chemotherapy appear to be a good alternative after best local treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Further clinical trials are needed to provide valuable knowledge about the best treatment options in the later settings of mBC