Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Avaliação de conhecimentos sobre cancro da mama na região Porto Ocidental

Dissertação de mestrado em EstatísticaO cancro da mama na região do Porto Ocidental constitui um problema de saúde de relevo dado apresentar valores de taxa de internamento e mortalidade prematura por cancro da mama significativamente superiores aos observados no país e região norte. O cancro da mama evidenciase como uma das principais causas de mortalidade evitável sensível aos cuidados médicos, ainda que na região do Porto Ocidental o cumprimento do plano de rastreio oncológico, com a realização de mamografia de 2/2 anos, apenas se verifique em 49,1% das mulheres. O presente estudo efetua uma avaliação dos conhecimentos das mulheres do Porto Ocidental sobre o cancro da mama e o seu processo de rastreio. É também identificado o perfil das mulheres com maior necessidade de ações de promoção de conhecimentos em saúde. A quantificação de conhecimentos foi realizada através da aplicação de um instrumento construído para o efeito, com base na revisão da literatura e técnica de focus group. O instrumento foi testado do ponto de vista da sua qualidade psicométrica, utilizando técnicas de análise de componentes principais. Foram obtidos resultados referentes a 416 utentes, revelando a idade de realização de rastreio, tipologia dos exames de imagem de rastreio e vantagens da realização de rastreio, como sendo as áreas com maior necessidade de intervenção. O perfil de utentes a necessitar de intervenção são os que apresentam menor escolaridade, independentemente da idade. As áreas geográficas com maior necessidade de intervenção são as que se encontram sob influência da USF Rainha D. Amélia, USF Bom Porto, UCSP D. João IV, UCSP Lordelo do Ouro, USF Porto Douro e USF Ramalde. O presente estudo apresenta, desta forma, uma fina caracterização do tipo de conhecimentos a serem promovidos junto das mulheres do Porto Ocidental, identificando igualmente as características dos utentes com maior necessidade de intervenção.Breast cancer is a major health concern in Western Oporto when considering the significantly higher rates of hospital admission and early deaths comparing with the national and north area values. Breast cancer deaths is one of the major causes of preventable death but in Western Oporto the adequate breast cancer screening is only fulfilled in 49,1% of the women. The present study evaluates the knowledge of women in Western Oporto about breast cancer and the screening process. The profile of the women needing knowledge health promotion is identified. Determination of knowledge was done using a questionnaire built by the research team according to published articles and using a focus group. The psychometric quality of the questionnaire was tested using principal components analysis. A total of 416 patients were interviewed and identified the age of screening, type of screening exams, advantages of screening as the areas needing more intervention. The profile of patients needing a knowledge promotion campaign is lower education independently of age. The geographical areas needing more intervention are those under the influence of USF Rainha D. Amélia, USF Bom Porto, UCSP D. João IV, UCSP Lordelo do Ouro, USF Porto Douro e USF Ramalde. The present study presents the knowledge needing priority intervention and promotion, but also outlines the profile of women needing these interventions