Global forecasts of marine heatwaves

Timestamp: 44862.4486656366 Email Address: [email protected] Name: Michael Jacox Affiliation: NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center and NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory Program Office/Division: Position Title: Research oceanographer Title of use case: Global forecasts of marine heatwaves Authors or Creators: Jacox, M., Alexander, M., Amaya, D., Becker, B., Bograd, S., Brodie, S., Hazen, E., Pozo Buil, M., Tommasi, D., Hsu, C.-W., Smith, C. Affiliations of Authors or Creators: NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory; NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center; University of Colorado; University of Miami; University of California Santa Cruz Contributors: Affiliation of Contributors: Description: Researchers used climate forecast systems to develop global marine heatwave (MHW) forecasts, which have significant skill in many regions. They also created a MHW website that provides current ocean maps, experimental forecasts, and interactive tools. Keywords: Marine heatwave, prediction, forecast Start date of use case: 44652 End date of this use case: Is this use case ongoing? : Yes Use case URL : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04573-9 https://psl.noaa.gov/marine-heatwaves Data source URL: https://psl.noaa.gov/marine-heatwaves Image: Ocean Region: Atlantic Ocean Sea: Large Marine Ecosystem Area: Country: Other Geography: global ocean Format Type: Journal Article, website Data Type: Primary Use: Research, Weather/Climate, Environmental Management, Commercial Fishing, Aquaculture, Recreation User Type: Government Professional, Academic Data Type: Physical Ocean Observing System (OOS) Variable: Sea surface temperature, Subsurface temperature Information Type: In situ data, Remote sense data, Model output Other Format Data: Published Date: 44671 Publisher Name: Springer Nature Publisher City: London Publisher State : Publisher Country: England Publisher/Distributor URL: https://www.springernature.com/ Publication URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04573-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04573-9 Industries which benefit: Commercial Fishing, Aquaculture, Recreational Fishing, Marine Research and Education, Coastal and ocean tourism and recreation Benefits to ecosystems: Ecosystem Health, Biodiversity, Endangered Species Ecosystem Services: Ecosystem Services: Provisioning, Ecosystem support of goods and services, Fisheries (commercial or recreational, Aquaculture Ecosystem Regulation and Maintenance Services: Cultural Ecosystem Services: Are benefits documented?: No Are the benefits documented by: Are the benefits quantified?: No Are the quantified benefits reported as monetary values?: Other Benefits

Matrix isolation study of the photolysis of cyanogen azide. The infrared and ultraviolet spectra of the free radical NCN

Infrared and ultraviolet absorption spectra of free radical in photolysis of cyanogen azid

Exploration of Fuel Objects in Space Very Near Earth

A prospecting plan is presented to assay near Earth objects (NEO) for their potential to yield rocket fuel. The plan calls out small satellites as the near-term means to achieve low cost surveys and deep subsurface sampling of NEO composition. The water bearing classes of NEO to be considered are limited to those accessible in short time and with small thrusters. These include the water bearing clay objects (phylosilicates) at nearly trivial distances from Earth, and the recently identified water ice objects such as comet (#4015) 1979 VA. These objects are evaluated as small satellite prospecting and assay vehicle targets

Best Practices for Digital Collections

To enhance access to their diverse materials, libraries are digitizing those materials and making them freely available online as digital collections on digital platforms. These collections provide another way for libraries to re-envision their materials and make them relevant to their communities. This presentation will cover best practices for creating and preserving digital collections, including workflows, standards, and staffing. It will also discuss the policies which should be developed for building successful digital collections, as well as the privacy issues which should be considered. In this presentation, individual digital collections from the University of Nebraska at Omaha and Creighton University Law Library, including the Omaha Oral History Collection, Nebraska Collections, and Delaney Tokyo Trial Papers, will be demonstrated. Learning Objectives: Identify best practices for creating a digital collection, Identify policies needed for presenting digital collections on a digital repository or platform, Identify privacy issues to consider when creating a digital collection

The practice boundaries of advanced practice nurses: an economic and legal analysis

The purpose of this study is to examine the causes and effects of State regulation that determines the extent of professional independence of advanced practice nurses (APNs). We analyze determinants of these regulations in panel data across States. We find that in States where APNs have acquired a substantial amount of professional independence, the earnings of APNs are substantially lower, and those of physicians' assistants are substantially higher, than in other States. These results are striking since physicians' assistants are in direct competition with APNs; the only real operational difference between these groups is that physicians' assistants are salaried employees who must work under the supervision of a physician. The implication is that physicians have responded to an increase in professional independence of APNs by hiring fewer APNs and more physicians' assistants.

The Impact of Land Tenure on Food Security of Indigenous Communities

How does land tenure and security-- the legal rights to land and defense of property— impact the food security of Indigenous communities? Indigenous communities throughout Latin America often depend on the land to meet their basic food and water needs. Recently, arable land and natural resources have become more important due to the 2008 recession and fears of an impending food crisis (Borras et al, 2012). Agricultural corporations, states, and other entities have actively begun buying or renting large swaths of land classified as ‘under-utilized’ or ‘unoccupied’ from countries and institutions willing to conduct business (Araya, 2019; Ashukem, 2020; Borras et al, 2012; Aguilar-Støen, 2016; Bebbington and Bebbington, 2009). This has increased land insecurity in many parts of the region due to an increase in competing claims over resource rich lands, often spaces inhabited by Indigenous populations.Scholars have found that land tenure and security can impact cultural practices, spirituality, and mental health, which may permanently alter how Indigenous communities subsist in the region (Hinchman and Hinchman, 1998). While the body of literature examining land tenure’s impact on mental health and spirituality is growing (e.g, Hagen and Minter, 2019), to date little research has evaluated land tenure’s effects on food security of Indigenous and rural communities in Peru. This brings us back to the research question at hand: What are the food security implications of informal land tenure on Indigenous communities? What framework for implementing land tenure proves to be better for Indigenous communities and their food security

Joint amalgamation of most parsimonious reconciled gene trees.

MOTIVATION Traditionally, gene phylogenies have been reconstructed solely on the basis of molecular sequences; this, however, often does not provide enough information to distinguish between statistically equivalent relationships. To address this problem, several recent methods have incorporated information on the species phylogeny in gene tree reconstruction, leading to dramatic improvements in accuracy. Although probabilistic methods are able to estimate all model parameters but are computationally expensive, parsimony methods-generally computationally more efficient-require a prior estimate of parameters and of the statistical support. RESULTS Here, we present the Tree Estimation using Reconciliation (TERA) algorithm, a parsimony based, species tree aware method for gene tree reconstruction based on a scoring scheme combining duplication, transfer and loss costs with an estimate of the sequence likelihood. TERA explores all reconciled gene trees that can be amalgamated from a sample of gene trees. Using a large scale simulated dataset, we demonstrate that TERA achieves the same accuracy as the corresponding probabilistic method while being faster, and outperforms other parsimony-based methods in both accuracy and speed. Running TERA on a set of 1099 homologous gene families from complete cyanobacterial genomes, we find that incorporating knowledge of the species tree results in a two thirds reduction in the number of apparent transfer events