Implications of the PPSMI policy for the performance of Malaysian secondary schools in mathematics and science subjects

The introduction of the Teaching and Learning Mathematics and Science Subjects in English (PPSMI) policy to change the medium of instruction in mathematics and science subjects from Bahasa Melayu to English has raised many debates on the effectiveness of the policy and the ability of the schools, teachers and pupils to adapt to the new medium of instruction. This study evaluates the implications of the PPSMI policy for the school performance in mathematics and science subjects. The school performances before and after the implementation of the policy were assessed and compared according to school types, states, and locations by developing an advanced technique in measuring school efficiency based on hybrid returns to scale (HRS) data envelopment analysis (DEA). A new methodology of measuring change in performance over time based on the Malmquist index was also developed to measure the difference in performance before and after the implementation of the policy. The aim of developing the methodologies is to provide an alternative assessment of the implications of the PPSMI policy for the school performance in mathematics and science subjects thus helping the Ministry of Education Malaysia to decide on the direction of the PPSMI policy. The HRS DEA model is a new extension in DEA based on the concept of selective proportionality in the relationship of input-output variables. It gives a better estimate compared to the original convex models, the constant returns to scale (CRS) and the variable returns to scale (VRS), when some of the inputs and outputs have proportional relationship while others do not. In this study, an HRS-based DEA model utilising 10 inputs and 8 outputs was developed to assess the efficiency of schools from three states i.e. Kedah, Penang, and Perlis. The schools comprise of three different types i.e. the national, fully residential, and religious school-types. The efficiency was also assessed by using the CRS and VRS models to compare the results. The Malmquist index is a popular productivity index for measuring efficiency over time. The Malmquist index can be calculated from the CRS-based or the VRS-based DEA efficiency scores. This study developed a new productivity index called the HRS-based Malmquist index. This is similar to the VRS-based Malmquist index but the calculation of the index is based on the efficiency scores from the HRS DEA model. The efficiency scores and Malmquist indices of schools in different categories (i.e. school-types, states, and locations) were tested for significant difference by using nonparametric statistical tests. Nonparametric statistical tests were used due to the nonparametric nature of DEA. The statistical tests used in this study are Mann-Whitney U Test and Kruskal-Wallis Test to look at independent samples such as samples from different school-types, and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and Friedman's Two-Way Analysis of Variance to examine dependent samples such as the difference in performance before and after the implementation of the policy

The comparison of individuals over 50 who have played football and the sedentary ones at the same age in terms of quality of life: 50 yaş üstü futbol oynamış bireylerle aynı yaş grubu sedanter bireylerin yaşam kaliteleri bağlamında karşılaştırılmaları

In this study, it was aimed that the comparison of indiviuals over 50 who have played football and the same age group of sedentary individuals‟ quality of life Totally, 100 individuals have participated in the study who live in Afyonkarahisar some of whom have played football over 50 and individuals who do not do regular physical activities that we accept sedentary ones at the same age. Personal Information Form, International Physical Activity Survey and in order to assess the quality of life of study group The Scale of Quality of Life which was developed by WHO have been fulfilled by the participants As a result of the research the collected data have been analysed on the SPSS 25 programme, in order to determine the range of participants of research ,Kolmogorv-Smirnova analyzes have been applied and identifying the ranges are normal, independent sample t-test have been applied for pairs and for groups of individuals more than two , anova variance analysis has been put into practice. Scheffe test has been carried out in order to determine which groups have the significant difference among them. Consequently; It is estimated that married participants in comparison with singles, the ones who do exercises regularly in comparison with those who do not do, the ones who do exercises 5 days or more in a week in comparison with the ones who does less frequently,the ones who are so healthy in general in comparison with the ones who are not, the individuals who do physical activities intensively in comparison with the ones who do not do have a high quality of life.In this sense, individuals over 50 who have played football befor and after 50 and sedentary indiviudals differentiate in terms of quality of life and somehow it is concluded that individuals who do physical activities have a high quality of life in comparison with the other individuals. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet   Bu çalışmada 50 yaş üstü futbol oynamış bireyler ile aynı yaş grubu sedanter bireylerin yaşam kalitesinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu araştırmaya Afyonkarahisar ilinde yaşayan 50 yaş üstü futbol oynamış bireyler ile 50 yaş üstü sedanter olarak kabul ettiğimiz düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapmayan toplam 100 birey katılmıştır. Katılımcılara kişisel bilgi formu, uluslar arası fiziksel aktivite anketi ve araştırma grubunun yaşam kalitesini değerlendirmek için WHO ‘nun (1998) geliştirdiği Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen veriler SPSS25 programında analiz edilmiş, araştırmaya katılanların dağılımını belirlemek için frekans ve yüzde analizi, Kolmogorv- Smirnova analizleri yapılmış olup verilerin dağılımın normal olduğu belirlendikten sonra, 2’li grupların karşılaştırılmasında bağımsız örneklşem t-testi, 2’den fazla gruplar için tek yönlü Anova Varyans analizi yapılmıştır. Anlamlı farklılığın hangi gruplar arasında olduğunu belirlemek için Scheffe testi yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; evil olan katılımcıların bekar olanlara gore, düzenli bir şekilde spor yapanların yapmayanlara göre, haftada 5 gün ve üzerinde spor yapanların daha az sıklıkta yapanlara göre, 41 yıl ve üzerinde aktif spor yaşamı olanların daha az yıl spor yapanlara göre, genel sağlık durumu çok iyi olanların olmayanlara ve yoğun fiziksel aktivite yapan kişilerin yapmayanlara göre yaşam kalitesinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Bu da 50 yaş üstü kişilerin 50 yaş öncesinde ve sonrasında futbol oynamış bireylerle sedanter bireylerin yaşam kalitesi açısından farklılıştığı ve bir şekilde fizksel aktivite yapmış kişilerin diğer bireylere göre yaşam kalitesinin yüksek olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır

Use of religion in blame avoidance in a competitive authoritarian regime

Blame avoidance has been one of the most applied strategies by policy makers in both democratic and non-democratic regimes to avoid responsibility and accountability in cases of failure and tragic events. It is also known that politicians have used religion for Machiavellian purposes, as exactly advised by Machiavelli. However, a systematic empirical analysis of how religion is used for blame avoidance by politicians has not been conducted. In this article, we aim to address this gap by examining the empirical data derived from the weekly Friday sermon texts produced by Turkey’s Directorate of Religious Affairs and delivered in more than 90 thousand mosques every week to a large segment of the population in Turkey, where the majority claims to be religious. Starting with its violent response to the peaceful Gezi protests in 2013, the ruling AKP has opened up a new phase in Turkish political history by resorting to civilizational populism: it blamed the Western world for financing and masterminding the protests, using the protestors as internal pawns to attack Turkey and the Muslim World, suppressed the protests brutally and entered into a populist authoritarian regime. Our paper shows, following this turn, how the Diyanet sermons started using religion to help with the AKP’s blame avoidance. The Diyanet either parroted the AKP’s conspiratorial narrative or tried to convince the citizens that all negativities are works of God and with these humans are being tested by God. The AKP’s use of religion to avoid blame is a text-book case of how both a religious institution and religious discourse can be used to help the incumbent avoid responsibility. Whenever, there was a problem that would the AKP votes, the Diyanet’s sermons tried to shift the blame to either God or citizens or conspiratorial enemies

STUDI KELAYAKAN USAHA PERIKANAN PURSE SEINE DI DESA OGOAMAS KECAMATAN SOJOL UTARA KABUPATEN DONGGALA

Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di Desa Ogoamas Kecamatan Sojol Utara  Kabupaten Donggala selama 6 bulan di mulai dari bulan Maret  sampai Agustus 2022. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kelayakan usaha perikanan purse seine Di Desa Ogoamas Kecamatan Sojol Utara Kabupaten Donggala Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian menggunakan dua kapal sebagai responden, yaitu kapal berukuran 29 GT dan 32 GT. Deskripsi alat tangkap pukat cincin (purse seine) terdiri dari Pelampung, tali pelampung, tali ris atas dan bawa, pemberat, tali pemberat, cincin, tali cincin, tali kolor dan kantong. Teknik Pengoperasian alat tangkap pukat cincin (purse seine) dimulai dari persiapan, pencarian titik lokasi penangkapan, penurunan jaring (setting) dan penarikan jaring (hauling). Jenis ikan hasil tangkapan yaitu cakalang, baby tuna, kembung dan layang. Hasil tangkapan menunjukan bahwa jenis ikan layang 3.200 Kg/bulan, ikan Cakalang sebanyak 2.600 Kg/bulan, ikan kembung sebanyak 1.200 Kg/bulan dan ikan baby tuna sebanyak 200 Kg. Modal investasi pada kapal 32 GT, sebesar Rp. 1.431.900.000, sedangkan modal pada kapal 29 GT, sebesar Rp. 1.028.400.000. Total penerimaan menunjukan nilai sebesar Rp. 1,188,000,000 (kapal 32 GT) dan Rp. 1,044,000,000 (29 GT).Total pendapatan menunjukan nilai sebesar Rp. 950,598,333 (kapal 32 GT) dan Rp. 876,771,667 (29 GT). Analisis kelayakan usaha didapatkan nilai 5,0 untuk kapal berukuruan 32 GT dan 6,2 untuk kapal berukuran 29 GT. Secara ekonomis usaha ini layak untuk dikembangkan

Pelatihan Penulisan Artikel Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Literasi Guru

Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan dengan maksud tujuan para guru SMP dan MTs di kecamatan Kindang Kabupaten Bulukumba terampil dalam hal penulisan Artikel Penelitian tindakan kelas. Dengan terlaksananya kegiatan ini, maka diharapkan Penelitian Tindakan kelas tidak lagi menjadi menjadi penghalang bagi guru untuk naik pangkat dan yang paling utama adalah meningkatnya minat guru dalam literasi khususnya membaca yang berimbas pada peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran di kelas.Hasil kegiatan pelatihan secara umum berjalan dengan sangat baik, ditandai dengan antusiasme yang sangat tinggi dari para peserta pelatihan. Pelatihan ini diikuti oleh 20 peserta yang berlangsung selama tiga hari, hari pertama pemberian materi subtansi artikel dan cara mencari artikel secara online sebagai sumber referensi disampaikan dengan metode ceramah dan tanya jawab. Hari kedua praktek pembuatan artikel Penelitian tindakan kelas dilakukan secara berkelompok yang masing-masing beranggotakan 5 orang. Pada hari terakhir diberikan materi cara mengirim jurnal ke OJS disertai dengan praktek langsung. Sebelum kegiatan ditutup para peserta pelatihan diberikan angket respon serta tanggapan berupa saran terhadap kegiatan ini. kegiatan ini dapat mencapai hasil yang maksimal jika para peserta pelatihan dapat mengimplementasikan penulisan artikel penelitian tindakan kelas sehingga mampu meningkatkan kompetensi guru sehingga literasi membaca dan menulis dapat semakin lebih baik

Reading performance of Malaysian students across gender in PISA 2012

The 2012 PISA reading literacy aims to measure 15 year-olds’ reading performance in preparing them to meet real-life challenges. The primary aim of the present study is to examine Malaysian students’ reading performance by comparing the girls’ and boys’ performances in PISA 2012. The 2012 PISA reading literacy framework comprises three important reading aspects: access and retrieve (AR), interpret and integrate (II), and reflect and evaluate (RE). These aspects were further examined through the students’ reading performance in five types of text namely narration, exposition, argumentation, description and instruction. The findings demonstrate that the students performed better in AR than in II and RE indicating a better performance in lower-order reading skills than in the higher-level reading aspects. Findings also show that girls outperformed the boys across all reading aspects and types of reading texts. This paper concludes by emphasizing the need to integrate higher-order reading skills in the reading curriculum in order to prepare Malaysian students for better literacy competency

AVALANCHE MITIGATION USING THE GEOELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY METHOD OF SCHLUMBERGER CONFIGURATION IN TIROMANDA VILLAGE MAKALE SELATAN DISTRICT TANA TORAJA REGENCY

Mitigation of landslides in Tiromanda sub-district, Makale Selatan sub-district, Tana Toraja district using the shclumberger configuration geoelectrical resistivity method plays an important role in reducing disaster risk. This study aims to determine the distribution of rock lithology in the Tiromanda sub-district, Makale Selatan district, Tana Toraja district. In this study, measurements were made using the geoelectrical resistivity method of the Schlumberger configuration. Measurements were made on 2 tracks with a length of each track is 120 m with the smallest spacing is 1.5 m and the largest spacing is 10 m. The results showed that the lithology in Tiromanda village consisted of three types of rock lithology, namely overburden with a resistivity of 10.7 m – 21.9 m, shale with a resistivity of 157 m – 1955 m, and sediment containing water with a resistivity of 0.484 m – 15.5 m. Based on the results of the analysis of the data indicated as a slip plane at coordinates S 2˚57'13.0" E 119˚55'21.3" with a depth of 5.76 m and the constituent material is shale in fresh condition. Mitigation that can be done is structural mitigation

PENERAPAN COOPERATIVE SCRIPT BERBANTU MULTIMEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN TENTANG TOPOLOGI JARINGAN ANAK SMK KELAS X

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk a) meningkatkan pemahaman siswa di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan pada meteri TKJ (Teknik Komputer Jaringan), b) Bagaimana peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman siswa yang pembelajarannya menggunakan cooperative script, c) Bagaimana tanggapan siswa terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran dengan metode cooperative script berbantu multimedia interaktif menggunakan desain penelitian one group time series, sedangkan populasinya siswa kelas X jurusan TKJ SMK MedikaCom Bandung sebanyak 30 orang. Mengetahui tanggapan atau respon siswa terhadap kelayakan penggunaan multimedia pembelajaran dengan menerapkan metode cooperative script pada mata pelajaran Topologi Jaringan. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian maka diperoleh hasil data dari penelitian multimedia pemebelajaran interaktif didapatkan dari angket dan validasi para ahli terdiri dari validasi ahli media, materi yang di berikan kepada dosen, dan angket penilian siswa terhadap multimedia pembelajaran interaktif dengan metode cooperative script dari penelitian ini didapat hasil : 1) penilaian ahli media atas multimedia interaktif dengan metode cooperative script dengan sebesar 88,09 % dan dan dikategorikan baik dan ahli materi atas multimedia interaktif dengan metode cooperative sript adalah sebesar 82,89 % masuk ke dalam kategori ‘baik’ menuju ke kategori ‘sangat baik’, layak digunakan untuk media pembelajaran di kelas. 2) Siswa memberikan respon positif mengenai multimedia pembelajaran interaktif dengan metode cooperative script dapat disimpulkan multimedia ini dapat memberikan dampak pada pemahaman mahasiswa dilihat dari adanya dengan nilai gain yang diperoleh sebesar 0,45 artinya keefektifan pembelajaran termasuk ke dalam kriteria sedang dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa. Hal tersebut juga dapat dilihat dari perolehan angket respon siswa 86,57 % yang termasuk dalam kategori baik. ---------- This research have 3 goals: a) to improve understanding of students at the vocational secondary school on the material TKJ (Teknik Komputer Jaringan), b) how to improve the ability of understanding the student that lesson using cooperative script, c) how the respons of students with learning method of cooperative script, while the population students of clas X majors SMK Medikacom Bandung as much as 30 people, knowing the response or reaction students about expediency use of learning multimedia by applying methods cooperative script on the subjects network topology. Based on the result of research obtained by the result data from a multimedia interactive learning research obtained from question form and validation experts comprised of expert media validation, the material to the lecturer, and students assesment question form toward learning multimedia interactive with a method cooperative script from this research obtained results : 1) top media expert assessment interactive multimedia with a method cooperative script with 88,09% and categorized good and expert material over interactive multimedia with the method of cooperative script is 82,89%. Enter into the category of ‘good’ heading into the category of ‘very good’ worth it used to learning in the classroom. 2) students giving response was positive about interactive multimedia learning with a method cooperative script can be concluded can give impact on understanding of college student. Seen from the existence value of fains acquired means 0,45 included in the criteria are in improving understanding of students. It also can be seen from the acquition of students. It also can be seen from the acquistion of inquiries 86,57% student respons is includes in the category either

Curvature Inheritance Symmetry In Riemannian Spaces with Applications to String Cloud and String Fluids

We study, in this paper, curvature inheritance symmetry (CI), $\pounds_{\xi}R_{bcd}^{a}=2\alpha R_{bcd}^{a}$, where $\alpha$ is a scalar function, for string cloud and string fluid in the context of general relativity. Also, we have obtained some result when a proper CI (i.e., $\alpha \neq 0$) is also a conformal Killing vector.Comment: 14 pages, Latex, no figures, to appear in the International Journal of Modern Physics D (IJMPD), Vol.8, No.5(Oct.,1999

Tingkat enjoyment peserta didik sekolah dasar terhadap physical activity break dalam pembelajaran

The duration of learning activities is an external factor that needs to be considered in the learning process in lower-grade elementary schools. Physical Activity Break, translated as rest with physical activity, is an alternative activity to solve the problem of learning duration and long sitting time for elementary school students. This study aims to determine the level of enjoyment of lower-grade elementary school students in Yogyakarta on implementing Physical Activity Breaks in the learning process. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method. The sample in this study used a simple random sampling technique. Sample data from the total population of SD Masjid Syuhada students in the DIY area. The sample in this study was taken as many as 64 students. The instrument used is a questionnaire with 12 statement items; experts have been consulted and tested valid and reliable. Data analysis techniques in this study were carried out using descriptive statistical tests with the help of SPSS software. The results of the analysis in this study are presented in the form of minimum (Min), Maximum (Max), Mean (M), Median (Me), Mode (Mo), Standard Deviation (SD), Frequency Distribution, Histogram, and Percentage per aspect and item. Based on the study's results, it has been shown that the frequency of the Enjoyment Level of Elementary School students for Physical Activity Breaks is at most 30 (46.9%) at intervals of 11-12. At the same time, there are at least two students (00%) at intervals 13-14 and 15-16. Furthermore, the total score for the Enjoyment Level for PAB is 650, and the criterion score for the Enjoyment Level for PAB is 768, so the percentage value reaching 84.64 is in the very high category. Thus it can be concluded that elementary school students' enjoyment of physical activity breaks in learning can be very high based on the quantitative research results. The feelings of pleasure and comfort experienced by students, as well as the positive impact of implementing Physical Activity Breaks, are the key to successful learning in schools.Durasi kegiatan belajar merupakan sebagai faktor eksternal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam proses pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar kelas bawah Physical Activity Break atau dapat diterjemahkan istirahat dengan aktivitas fisik merupakan kegiatan alternatif sebagai solusi atas permasalahan durasi belajar dan waktu duduk yang lama bagi peserta didik sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat enjoyment peserta didik sekolah dasar kelas bawah di kota Yogyakarta terhadap implementasi Physical Actvity Break dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode diskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini meggunakan teknik sampling acak sederhana. Data sampel dari bagian jumlah populasi siswa SD Masjid Syuhada di wilayah DIY. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil sebanyak 64 peserta didiik. Instrument yang digunakan berupa kuisioner dengan butir pernyataan sejumlah 12, telah dikonsultasikan kepada ahli dan teruji teruji valid dan reliabel. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji statistik deskriptif dengan bantuan software SPSS. Hasil analisis dalam penelitian ini disajikan dalam bentuk perhitungan minimal (Min), Maksimal (Max), Mean (M), Median (Me), Modus (Mo), Standar Deviasi (SD), Distribusi Frekuensi, Histogram, dan Presentase pada per aspek dan per item. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi Tingkat Enjoyment peserta didik Sekolah Dasar terhadap Physical Activity Break paling banyak ada 30 siswa (46,9%) terdapat pada interval 11–12. Sedangkan paling sedikit ada 2 siswa (00%) terdapat pada interval 13-14 dan 15-16. Selanjutnya jumlah skor total Tingkat Enjoyment Terhadap PAB adalah 650 dan skor kriterium Tingkat Enjoyment Terhadap PAB adalah 768 sehingga nilai persentase mencapai 84,64 berada pada kategori sangat tinggi. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Tingkat Enjoyment peserta didik Sekolah Dasar terhadap Physical Activity Break dalam pembelajaran dapat dikatakan sangat tinggi berdasarkan hasil penelitian kuantitatif. Perasaan senang dan nyaman yang dialami peserta didik, serta dampak positif dalam pelaksanaan Physical Activity Break menjadi kunci sukses keberhasilan pembelajaran di sekolah