History in computer games: case study on "Valiant Hearts: The Great War"

This thesis is a case study analysis of the visualization of history in computer games. The analyzed game, Valiant Hearts: The Great War, was published by the French company Ubisoft in 2014. The game is set in The First World War and was developed in cooperation with The Centenary Parnership Proram. The main goals of the thesis are following: First, determine if the vision of history in the game reflects the current paradigms of French historiography of The First World War. Second, to identify and to interpret particularities and deformations in the way the game recreates history. The first, theoretical chapter presents the phenomenon of The First World War in the French context, the study of computer games and the methodology of the analysis. For the analysis I have created my own methodology which combines various approaches used elsewhere. Chapter 2 contains the analysis, which is further structured into the analysis of the story from the perspective of the main characters and locations (2.1), analysis of the object inventory and the in game miniencyclopedia (2.2), and the analysis of game's style and form -the graphic and audio style, along with the issue of player freedom (2.3). For greater clarity, the parts of the game are referred to through it's subchapters. The results of the analysis..

Additional file 6: Figure S2. of Assessing parallel gene histories in viral genomes

Best-known ML tree (a) and phylogenetic network (d) constructed from the PV concatenated nucleotide data set. Around them, the best-known ML tree constructed for each of the genes of PV at nucleotide level. Shaded areas correspond to the supported groups refered to in the text and in Additional file 4: Table S2b

Additional file 4: Table S2. of Assessing parallel gene histories in viral genomes

Bootstrap support for the clusters identified (see Additional file 3: Figure S1 and Additional file 6: Figure S2) in the phylogenetic trees built from the concatenated sequence for the concatenated tree and the gene trees, for the TuMV and the PV nucleotide data set

Particle Identification with the Cherenkov imaging technique using MPGD based Photon Detectors for Physics at COMPASS Experiment at CERN

A novel technology for the detection of single photons has been developed and implemented in 2016 in the Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detector of the COMPASS Experiment at CERN SPS. Some basic knowledge in the field of particle identification and RICH counters, Micro Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs) in general and their development for photon detection applications are provided. The characteristics of the COMPASS setup are summarized and the COMPAS RICH-1 detector is described and shown to provide hadron identification in the momentum range between 3 and 55 GeV/c. The THGEM technology is discussed illustrating their characterization as gas multipliers and as reflective photocathodes: large gains and efficient photodetection collections are achieved when using optimized parameters and conditions (hole diameter = THGEM thickness = 0.4 mm; hole pitch = 0.8 mm and no rim; CH4-rich gas mixtures and electric field values > 1 kV/cm at the CsI surface). The intense R\&D program leading to the choice of a hybrid THGEM + Micromegas architecture for the novel detectors is summarized: prototypes construction and test results are presented. The beam test performed at CERN with two 300 mm $\times$ 300 mm active area hybrid prototypes validated this new technology and allowed to demonstrate efficient detection of Cherenkov photons. The optimal design of the detector, consisting in two layers of THGEMs, the first of which is coated with 300 mm thick layer of CsI, couple with a Micromegas on a pad segmented anode with an original design of capacitive – resistive readout is presented. All aspects of the construction, test and assembling from the raw material selection to the procedures applied for the quality assessment are described in detail. The challenges encountered during the detectors assembly, the test in the laboratory and the transportation of the chambers to CERN for the assembly and mounting are then illustrated. The production of the photocathode and the final assembly of the four hybrid detectors, covering an active area of 1.4 m$^2$ are presented. The adventurous installation of the combined Hybrid PDs and Multi Anode Photo Multiplier Tubes with fused silica lenses onto COMPASS RICH-1 and the work for equipping the new detectors with all needed services are presented. The description of the HV control system and of the other services is illustrated and the APV25-based frontend electronics is described together with the studies performed to understand the electronic and physical noises of the new chambers. A preliminary on-line analysis of the detector response and of the performance are presented: an indication that the average number of photons is larger than the neighboring traditional MWPC-based PDs is obtained. The success of the first MPGD-base

Lassa virus NP strains isolated from rodents used for gammaMap analyses.

Lassa virus NP strains isolated from rodents used for gammaMap analyses

L outgroup used for gammaMap analyses.

L outgroup used for gammaMap analyses

Lassa virus L strains isolated from rodents used for gammaMap analyses.

Lassa virus L strains isolated from rodents used for gammaMap analyses

GPC, NP and L trees for evolutionary analyses.

GPC, NP and L trees for evolutionary analyses

NP outgroup used for gammaMap analyses.

NP outgroup used for gammaMap analyses

Lassa virus Nigerian NP strains used for gammaMap analyses.

Lassa virus Nigerian NP strains used for gammaMap analyses