Managing entrepreneurial tensions in franchise systems

This is a draft chapter / article. The final version is available in handbook of Research on Franchising, edited by Frank Hoy, Rozenn Perrigot and Andrew Terry, published in 2017, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781785364181. Under embargo until 27 April 2018. The material cannot be used for any other purpose without further permission of the publisher, and is for private use only.The role of entrepreneurship in franchise systems has been a complex issue. This Chapter aims to provide a better understanding on this issue by focusing on the entrepreneurial tensions that exist in franchise systems and the associated coping mechanisms for minimizing these tensions. It draws on a range of classic and emergent theoretical explanations, which are substantiated with empirical evidence. The Chapter highlights notable contributions in this research area and offers directions to guide future studies in order to provide clarity on the entrepreneurial paradoxes in franchising.Peer reviewe

05/15/1947 Letter from the Lewiston-Auburn Broadcasting Corporation

Letter from Frank Hoy, General Manager of the Lewiston-Auburn Broadcasting Corp., to Louis-Philippe Gagné.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/fac-lpg-1947-04-06/1009/thumbnail.jp

02/19/1947 Letter from the Lewiston Broadcasting Corp.

Handwritten letter from Frank S. Hoy at the Lewiston Broadcasting Corporation to Louis-Philippe Gagné congratulating him on his election to the office of Mayor of Lewiston, Maine.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/fac-lpg-1947-01-03/1010/thumbnail.jp

05/29/1948 Letter from the Lewiston-Auburn Broadcasting Corporation

Letter from Frank S. Hoy of the Lewiston-Auburn Broadcasting Corporation to Louis-Philippe Gagné.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/fac-lpg-letters-1948-01-06/1051/thumbnail.jp

08/11/1947 Letter from the Lewiston Broadcasting Corporation

Letter from Frank S. Hoy, General Manager of the Lewiston Broadcasting Company, to Louis-Philippe Gagné.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/fac-lpg-1947-07-09/1022/thumbnail.jp

International Strategic Alliances: A Tale of Two Firms

Firms seeking to enter international markets have increasingly opted for cooperative relationships with business partners as a mode of easing and promoting market entry. This study examines the expansion of two small/medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), organizations with· 30 to 500 employees, in the U.S. and in Mexico. The study compares and contrasts the nearly simultaneous expansion of a U.S.-based franchisor into Mexico and that of a Mexican firm into the U.S. In addition to its implications regarding strategic alliance as an international entry mode for SMEs, this study also contributes toward the quest for longitudinal theory building. Given that this was the first international expansion for both principal entities, a major outcome of the study is documentation of the importance of both partnership and planning for successful international activities

Lung tumour growth kinetics in SPC-c-Raf-1-BB transgenic mice assessed by longitudinal in-vivo micro-CT quantification

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>SPC-c-Raf-1-BxB transgenic mice develop genetically induced disseminated lung adenocarcinoma allowing examination of carcinogenesis and evaluation of novel treatment strategies. We report on assessment of lung tumour growth kinetics using a semiautomated region growing segmentation algorithm.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>156 non contrast-enhanced respiratory gated micro-CT of the lungs were obtained in 12 SPC-raf transgenic (n = 9) and normal (n = 3) mice at different time points. Region-growing segmentation of the aerated lung areas was obtained as an inverse surrogate for tumour burden. Time course of segmentation volumes was assessed to demonstrate the potential of the method for follow-up studies.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Micro-CT allowed assessment of tumour growth kinetics and semiautomated region growing enabled quantitative analysis. Significant changes of the segmented lung volumes over time could be shown (<it>p </it>= 0.009). Significant group differences could be detected between transgenic and normal animals for time points 8 to 13 months (<it>p </it>= 0.043), when marked tumour progression occurred.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The presented region-growing segmentation algorithm allows in-vivo quantification of multifocal lung adenocarcinoma in SPC-raf transgenic mice. This enables the assessment of tumour load and progress for the study of carcinogenesis and the evaluation of novel treatment strategies.</p

Semi-field methods are a useful tool for the environmental risk assessment of pesticides in soil

http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2008.01.47

Design of an SHG-active crystal, 4-iodo-4'-nitrobiphenyl: therole of supramolecular synthons

The crystal structure of 4-iodo-4'-nitrobiphenyl has been determined with packing calculations and the presence of polar and parallel iodo···nitro supramolecular synthons leads to non-centrosymmetry and measurable SHG activity

Exploring assessment of medical students\u27 competencies in pain medicine - A review

Introduction: Considering the continuing high prevalence and public health burden of pain, it is critical that medical students are equipped with competencies in the field of pain medicine. Robust assessment of student expertise is integral for effective implementation of competency-based medical education. Objective: The aim of this review was to describe the literature regarding methods for assessing pain medicine competencies in medical students. Method: PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, ERIC, and Google Scholar, and BEME data bases were searched for empirical studies primarily focusing on assessment of any domain of pain medicine competencies in medical students published between January 1997 and December 2016. Results: A total of 41 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most assessments were performed for low-stakes summative purposes and did not reflect contemporary theories of assessment. Assessments were predominantly undertaken using written tests or clinical simulation methods. The most common pain medicine education topics assessed were pain pharmacology and the management of cancer and low-back pain. Most studies focussed on assessment of cognitive levels of learning as opposed to more challenging domains of demonstrating skills and attitudes or developing and implementing pain management plans. Conclusion: This review highlights the need for more robust assessment tools that effectively measure the abilities of medical students to integrate pain-related competencies into clinical practice. A Pain Medicine Assessment Framework has been developed to encourage systematic planning of pain medicine assessment at medical schools internationally and to promote continuous multidimensional assessments in a variety of clinical contexts based on well-defined pain medicine competencies