Community Innovation Network Framework: A Model for Reshaping Community Identity

The REACH Healthcare Foundation created its Rural Health Initiative to encourage the development of innovative strategies to improve access to health care and reduce health inequities in three rural counties in Missouri and Kansas. The intent was to develop a systematic, sustainable, and coordinated approach to community change that would increase the odds of breaking through the persistent barriers to health care access for the rural poor and medically underserved in these counties. This article discusses the foundation’s original approach to the initiative and how it adjusted that approach in response to its rural partners’ experiences. It reflects on the challenges encountered in rooting the four conditions and capacities of community change and innovation – supports for implementation; foundational structures; skills and processes; and community engagement – into the work of community health improvement. The article also describes lessons learned and new roles for funders interested in assisting communities that are seeking to deepen and extend capacity and innovation and forge a new identity

Search for eccentric black hole coalescences during the third observing run of LIGO and Virgo

Despite the growing number of confident binary black hole coalescences observed through gravitational waves so far, the astrophysical origin of these binaries remains uncertain. Orbital eccentricity is one of the clearest tracers of binary formation channels. Identifying binary eccentricity, however, remains challenging due to the limited availability of gravitational waveforms that include effects of eccentricity. Here, we present observational results for a waveform-independent search sensitive to eccentric black hole coalescences, covering the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. We identified no new high-significance candidates beyond those that were already identified with searches focusing on quasi-circular binaries. We determine the sensitivity of our search to high-mass (total mass M>70 M⊙) binaries covering eccentricities up to 0.3 at 15 Hz orbital frequency, and use this to compare model predictions to search results. Assuming all detections are indeed quasi-circular, for our fiducial population model, we place an upper limit for the merger rate density of high-mass binaries with eccentricities 0<e≤0.3 at 0.33 Gpc−3 yr−1 at 90\% confidence level

Ultralight vector dark matter search using data from the KAGRA O3GK run

Among the various candidates for dark matter (DM), ultralight vector DM can be probed by laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors through the measurement of oscillating length changes in the arm cavities. In this context, KAGRA has a unique feature due to differing compositions of its mirrors, enhancing the signal of vector DM in the length change in the auxiliary channels. Here we present the result of a search for U(1)B−L gauge boson DM using the KAGRA data from auxiliary length channels during the first joint observation run together with GEO600. By applying our search pipeline, which takes into account the stochastic nature of ultralight DM, upper bounds on the coupling strength between the U(1)B−L gauge boson and ordinary matter are obtained for a range of DM masses. While our constraints are less stringent than those derived from previous experiments, this study demonstrates the applicability of our method to the lower-mass vector DM search, which is made difficult in this measurement by the short observation time compared to the auto-correlation time scale of DM

Bipolar Spectrum Risk and Social Network Dimensions in Emerging Adults: Two Social Sides?

Bipolar spectrum disorders (BSDs) encompass severe and chronic mood disorders associated with social functioning difficulties. However, little work has examined more nuanced aspects of social functioning in BSDs. The present investigation recruited N=1,934 emerging adult college students to examine associations of self-reported bipolar spectrum risk (trait BSD risk and current mania and depressive mood symptoms) with comprehensive measures of social functioning with peers (social network quantity and quality, social support, and social strain). BSD risk was associated with increased social network size and social support, but also with increased social strain. Mood disorder symptoms were associated with social network dimensions in complex ways, with some positive (e.g., greater social network quantity and social support) and some negative (e.g., greater perceived social conflict) associations. Taken together, this provides preliminary support for concurrent social strengths and impairments in BSD risk. These findings indicate a complex picture of some improved and some weakened aspects of social functioning in BSD risk and mood disorder symptoms. Implications for the role of social functioning in mood disturbance are discussed

Understanding Resilience in Emerging Adults: An International, Multi-Site Study

Emerging adulthood is characterized by marked increases in vulnerability to psychiatric illness. As such, understanding how risk and protective factors function to promote, or impede, resilience during early adulthood is critical. This pre-registered work is the first to test four extant models of resilience among emerging adults. 1,075 participants drawn from four international university sites were followed across two stressors: the transition to university and the COVID-19 pandemic. We found support for the compensatory model, which holds that risk and protective factors contribute additively to predict resilience across timepoints. Findings also support the risk-protective model, which posits that protective factors interact with risk factors in a buffering effect to reduce negative outcomes, during the university transition. Results have the potential to guide theory development by highlighting the dynamic nature of resilience and have implications for prevention and intervention efforts by underscoring the powerful influence of protective factors, regardless of risk