The Integration of the Workable Range Model into a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Course: a Practice-Based Case Study

Didactic teaching about stress is part of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) curriculum. The content and methods of integrating conceptual teaching within the experiential pedagogy are rarely explored. Workable range is a model of stress and emotion regulation that illustrates patterns of physical, emotional and cognitive reactivity in relation to mindful presence. This is a qualitative case study of the inclusion of the workable range model into an MBSR course as a refinement of the didactic teaching about stress. The focus is to illuminate how the inclusion worked in practice. Ten staff, on a MBSR course in a higher educational setting, were recruited as participant researchers with an overlap between their own first-person investigation during the course and the research data. Adapted diagrams and written answers to two question schedules, completed as reflective exercises within the course, were analysed thematically using template analysis. This revealed how participant researchers engaged with and intuitively used the model to notice and describe their own patterns of feeling balanced or stressed and explore how they related to those experiences. How learning the model integrated with MBSR and the applicability of workable ranges as a teaching resource in MBSR is discussed. The study highlights questions about how conceptual and experiential teaching and learning interrelate in mindfulness-based interventions. There is scope for further research using mindfulness practice as a first-person methodology to investigate the processes within mindfulness-based programs

Insects collected from an alpine-subalpine region in SE British Columbia

Insects were caught in a subalpine area of southeastern British Columbia. The list consists of 23 spp. and 37 genera, in families of five orders. The insects were collected during July and August, 1975 as part of a larger study of the ecology of mountain caribou in the Poplar Creek area, north of Nelson, B.C

Political trials and the suppression of popular radicalism in England, 1799-1820

This chapter examines the decision-making process between the Home Office and the government’s law officers in prosecuting individuals for sedition and treason in the period 1799–1820. The term state trial suggests a more centralised and government-led repression of popular radicalism than the process was in practice. Provincial reformers also faced the complex layers of their local justice system, which was more loyalist, committed to stamping out political radicalism. The trial of the “Thirty Eight” Manchester radicals in June 1812 demonstrates the mutable definitions of treason, sedition and processes of justice in the theatre of the court.Peer reviewe

Studi Perencanaan Pembangunan Pltmh di Kampung Sasnek Distrik Sawiat Kabupaten Sorong Selatan Provinsi Papua Barat

Listrik sangat dibutuhkan oleh seluruh lapisan masyarakat. Kampung Sasnek merupakan salah satu kampung yang terletak di Distrik Sawiat Kabupaten Sorong Selatan Provinsi Papua Barat. Kampung sasnek letaknya sangat terpencil dan dihuni sekitar 100KK. Kampung ini belum terlayani listrik oleh PLN hingga saat ini. Pembangkit listrik mikro hidro adalah pembangkit listrik skala kecil yang kapasitasnya berkisar antara 100 W sampai dengan 100 kW. Studi perencanaan ini bertujuan merencanakan dan nantinya akan ke tahap implementasi Pembangkit Listrik mikro hidro dengan kapasitas daya 12 Volt DC, karena merupakan salah satu cara pembangkit listrik yang paling ekonomis, muda dan aman. pengukuran debit air, didapat debit sebesar 2 liter/detik dari luas area pengukuran 5 m2 dan kecepatan air rata-rata 00.65 m/d. Namun karena kondisi air sungai yang mengalir sepanjang tahun dalam arti tidak pernah kering, maka digunakan faktor koreksi 0.75. Dengan demikian debit yang bisa dimanfaatkan adalah sebesar 0.65 m3/d. Berdasarkan hasil analisa terhadap potensi PLTMH yang terdapat di Sasnek, maka dapat dikalkulasikan Distribusi Jaringan Listrik yang bersumber dari PLTMH Sasnek adalah 10 KW. Dengan adanya perencanaan yang matang sehingga hasil implementasinya akan memberikan dampak yang postif akan pemenuhan kebutuhan listrik di kampung sasnek dan juga kampung sekitarnya

Influence of Body Mass Index on outcomes after minimal-access aortic valve replacement through a J-shaped partial upper sternotomy

BACKGROUND: Minimal-access aortic valve replacement (MAAVR) may reduce post-operative blood loss and transfusion requirements, decrease post-operative pain, shorten length stay and enhance cosmesis. This may be particularly advantageous in overweight/obese patients, who are at increased risk of post-operative complications. Obese patients are however often denied MAAVR due to the perceived technical procedural difficulty. This retrospective analysis sought to determine the effect of BMI on post-operative outcomes in patients undergoing MAAVR. METHODS: Ninety isolated elective MAAVR procedures performed between May 2006–October 2013 were included. Intra- and post-operative data were prospectively collected. Ordinary least squares univariate linear regression analysis was performed to determine the effect of BMI as a continuous variable on post-operative outcomes. One-way ANOVA and Chi-squared testing was used to assess differences in outcomes between patients with BMI <25 (n = 36) and BMI ≥25 (n = 54) as appropriate. RESULTS: There was no peri-operative mortality, myocardial infarction or stroke. Univariate regression demonstrated longer cross-clamp times (p = 0.0218) and a trend towards increased bypass times (p = 0.0615) in patients with higher BMI. BMI ≥25 was associated with an increased incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia (p = 0.020) and new-onset atrial fibrillation (p = 0.036) compared to BMI <25. However, raised BMI did not extend ICU (p = 0.3310) or overall hospital stay (p = 0.2614). Similar rates of sternal wound complications, inotrope requirements and renal dysfunction were observed in both normal- and overweight/obese-BMI groups. Furthermore, increasing BMI correlated with reduced mechanical ventilation time (p = 0.039) and early post-operative blood loss (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that within the range of this study, MAAVR is a safe, reproducible and effective procedure, affording equivalent clinical outcomes in both overweight/obese and normal-weight patients considered for an isolated first-time AVR, with low post-operative morbidity and mortality. MAAVR should therefore be considered as an alternative surgical strategy to reduce obesity-related complications in patients requiring aortic valve replacement

Effect of multi-level interventions on mental health outcomes among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Objective: In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), multiple factors contribute to the considerable burden of mental health disorders among adolescents, highlighting the need for interventions that address underlying risks at multiple levels. We reviewed evidence of the effectiveness of community or family-level interventions, with and without individual level interventions, on mental health disorders among adolescents in SSA. // Design: Systematic review using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. // Data sources: A systematic search was conducted on Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PSYCINFO and Web of Science up to 31 March 2021. // Eligibility criteria: Studies were eligible for inclusion in the review if they were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or controlled quasi-experimental studies conducted in sub-Saharan African countries and measured the effect of an intervention on common mental disorders in adolescents aged 10–24 years. // Data extraction and synthesis: We included studies that assessed the effect of interventions on depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and substance abuse. Substance abuse was only considered if it was measured alongside mental health disorders. The findings were summarised using synthesis without meta-analysis, where studies were grouped according to the type of intervention (multi-level, community-level) and participants. // Results: Of 1197 studies that were identified, 30 studies (17 RCTs and 3 quasi-experimental studies) were included in the review of which 10 delivered multi-level interventions and 20 delivered community-level interventions. Synthesised findings suggest that multi-level interventions comprise economic empowerment, peer-support, cognitive behavioural therapy were effective in improving mental health among vulnerable adolescents. Majority of studies that delivered interventions to community groups reported significant positive changes in mental health outcomes. // Conclusions: The evidence from this review suggests that multi-level interventions can reduce mental health disorders in adolescents. Further research is needed to understand the reliability and sustainability of these promising interventions in different African contexts. // PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021258826

Challenges and achievements in the utilization of the health system among adolescents in a region of Burkina Faso particularly affected by poverty

Objective: Healthcare for adolescents receives little attention in low-income countries globally despite their large population share in these settings, the importance of disease prevention at these ages for later life outcomes and adolescent health needs differing from those of other ages. We therefore examined healthcare need and use among adolescents in rural Burkina Faso to identify reasons for use and gaps in provision and uptake. Methods: We interviewed 1,644 adolescents aged 12-20 living in rural northwestern Burkina Faso in 2017. Topics included healthcare need and satisfaction with care provided. We calculated response-weighted prevalence of perceived healthcare need and utilization, then conducted multivariable regression to look at predictors of need, realized access and successful utilization based on the Andersen and Aday model. Results: 43.7 [41.2 - 46.0] % of participants perceived need for healthcare at least once in the preceding 12 months - 52.0 [48.1 - 56.0] % of females and 35.6 [32.5 - 39.0] % of males. Of those with perceived need, 92.6 [90.0 - 94.3] % were able to access care and 79.0 [75.6 - 82.0] % obtained successful utilization. Need was most strongly predicted by gender, education and urbanicity, while predictors of successful use included household wealth and female guardian’s educational attainment. Conclusion: Healthcare utilization among adolescents is low in rural Burkina Faso, but mostly thought of as sufficient with very few individuals reporting need that was not linked to care. Future objective assessment of healthcare need could help identify whether our results reflect a well-functioning system for these adolescents, or one where barriers lead to low awareness of needs or low expectations for service provision

Attitudes towards female genital cutting among adolescents in rural Burkina Faso: A multilevel analysis Female genital cutting in Burkina Faso

Objective: Despite decades of abandonment efforts, female genital cutting (FGC) prevalence rates in Burkina Faso remain high. We present updated prevalence data from rural adolescents and examine factors associated with FGC receipt and attitudes, testing predictions of social convention and modernisation theory regarding the abandonment process. Methods: We interviewed 1644 adolescents aged 12–20 years from 10 villages and one sector of Nouna town in the Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance site in late 2017. Response‐weighted prevalence for self‐reported FGC receipt, beliefs about religious requirements, and attitudes about abandonment were calculated. We used bivariate regression and two‐level hierarchical models to test whether social convention or modernisation theory‐related factors predicted current FGC attitudes. Results: 43% of women in our sample reported having undergone FGC; 74% of women and 76% of men believed FGC should be abandoned. The strongest predictors of FGC receipt were religion, ethnicity, the village’s FGC rate and mother’s education. The strongest predictors of FGC abandonment attitudes were religion, ethnicity, belief that FGC is religiously required, and own FGC status. Males’ attitudes were less determined by community factors than females’; females’ attitudes were more strongly influenced by factors linked to modernization, such as maternal education and household wealth. Conclusions: FGC continues to be common in rural and small‐town Burkina Faso, and our analysis suggests that social conventions play an important role in its continuation. However, modernisation‐related factors were stronger predictors of abandonment attitudes than of FGC status, particularly in adolescent women. The changes these relationships suggest may benefit the next generation of girls

Sequestered Dark Matter

We show that hidden-sector dark matter is a generic feature of the type IIB string theory landscape and that its lifetime may allow for a discovery through the observation of very energetic gamma-rays produced in the decay. Throats or, equivalently, conformally sequestered hidden sectors are common in flux compactifications and the energy deposited in these sectors can be calculated if the reheating temperature of the standard model sector is known. Assuming that throats with various warp factors are available in the compact manifold, we determine which throats maximize the late-time abundance of sequestered dark matter. For such throats, this abundance agrees with cosmological data if the standard model reheating temperature was 10^10 - 10^11 GeV. In two distinct scenarios, the mass of dark matter particles, i.e. the IR scale of the throat, is either around 10^5 GeV or around 10^10 GeV. The lifetime and the decay channels of our dark matter candidates depend crucially on the fact that the Klebanov-Strassler throat is supersymmetric. Furthermore, the details of supersymmetry breaking both in the throat and in the visible sector play an essential role. We identify a number of scenarios where this type of dark matter can be discovered via gamma-ray observations.Comment: 36 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added, v3: introduction extended and typos correcte

Public health responses to influenza in care homes: a questionnaire-based study of local Health Protection Units.

BACKGROUND: Influenza virus infection poses a major threat to the elderly people in residential care. We sought to describe the extent to which local public health services in England were positioned to detect and respond effectively to influenza-like illness (ILI) in nursing homes. METHODS: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted in all 34 Health Protection Units (HPUs) regarding the 2004-05 influenza season. RESULTS: Of the 20 responses, half reported 24 outbreaks of ILI in care homes. The mean resident population attack rate was 41% (range 15-79) with 31 deaths. Staff ILI occurred in 23 of 24 outbreaks. Seven of 20 HPUs stated that a local policy for the management of ILI in nursing homes was in place, with only four specifying the use of neuraminidase inhibitors (NI) for treatment of cases and prophylaxis of residents. In the outbreaks reported, NIs were used for treatment and prophylaxis, respectively, in only 46 and 54% of instances. CONCLUSIONS: Given the availability of effective interventions for treatment and prophylaxis, there is potential to prevent substantial morbidity and mortality from influenza in at-risk populations. This study suggests that challenges remain in the effective response to influenza outbreaks in care homes and that there are wide variations in practice at local level